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current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXIv 2023

作者： Gehrke, Philipp Rüsseler, Anna K. Hoffmann, Gerd A. Wienke, Andreas Kracht, Dietmar Ristau, Detlev Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V. Hollerithallee 8 HannoverD-30419 Germany Welfengarten 1a HannoverD-30167 Germany Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Welfengarten 1 HannoverD-30167 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781510665460

This paper presents the active alignment of miniaturized, substrate-free optical thin-film filters (TFFs) according to the filters’ spectral transfer properties for integration into fiber optical networks. optical TFFs are often designed for a specific narrow angle of incidence (AOI) range. Hence, a sufficient manufacturing precision of the angled photonic components connected to the optical filter is needed. These components then can no longer be used for different scenarios where i.e. the incident angle is changed. Conversely, the individual miniaturized optical filter chips can also vary in specification due to slight inhomogeneities during the production on a large-scale wafer. Therefore, not all filter chips on the wafer meet the demanded specifications at the designed AOI, resulting in a reduced yield. Moreover, it requires a time-consuming separation into different quality classes by measuring single filter chips on the wafer. To maximize the amount of usable chips, a procedure was developed to actively align the chips inside a precision optics assembly system by measuring the transmitted power at different wavelengths while tilting them towards the optical axis. When the optimal angle is found, the chip is glued into the optical network platform. Next to maximizing the yield, the production steps can be reduced because the prior separation into quality classes becomes redundant. Manufacturing tolerances during the thin-film deposition are equalized due to the active spectral alignment on a universal optical platform. With this technique, a more versatile process for TFF integration compared to passively aligned assemblies on fixed angle components is demonstrated. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Integration

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Accurate camera performance prediction using optical and imaging simulation pipeline for super wide-angle lens 23

Accurate camera performance prediction using optical and ima...

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Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXIII Part of SPIE Optics and Photonics Conference

作者： Buquet, J. Larouche, R. Parent, J. Roulet, P. Thibault, S. Immervision 2020 Blvd Robert Bourassa Montreal PQ H3A 2A5 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181

optical design process consists in minimizing aberrations using optimization methods. It relies on key performance indicators (KPIs), such as point spread function (PSF), Modulated transfer function (MTF), or relative illumination (RI) and spot sizes, that depend on lens elements aberrations. Their target values need to be defined -either for human or machine perception- at early stage of the design, which can be complex to do for challenging designs such as extended field of view. We developed an optical and imaging simulation pipeline able to render the effects of complex optical designs and image sensor on an initial aberration-free image. Extracting files from ray tracing software for simulating the PSF and sensor target information, the algorithm accurately renders off-axis aberrations with Zernike polynomials representation combined with noise contribution and relative illumination. The obtained image faithfully represents an optical system performance from the optics to the sensor component and we can then study the impact of additional aberration introduction.

关键词： End-to-End design spatially varying PSF wide angle image simulation

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Passive athermalization of MWIR optical designs utilizing different infrared optical materials 23

Passive athermalization of MWIR optical designs utilizing di...

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Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXIII Part of SPIE Optics and Photonics Conference

作者： Kucukcelebi, Doruk Aydemir, Sukru Emre Roketsan Kemalpasa Mahallesi Sehit Yuzbasi Adem Kutlu Soka TR-06780 Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181

In this paper, different optical designs, which are composed of different MWIR optical materials, are utilized for passive athermalization and their performance in athermalization are analyzed. The optical designs are carried out by preserving the athermal property as well as keeping the image quality at higher levels within the working temperature between -40 degrees C and +60 degrees C. The passive athermalization process begins with the calculation of athermalization conditions of candidate material properties. By considering these conditions, athermal material pairs are chosen. To reduce optical aberrations, aspherical surfaces are utilized during the optimization process. At the end of the design phase, the performance of different configurations of athermal optical material pairs, which are enclosed by aluminum alloy housing material, are presented.

关键词： Athermalization infrared optical design optical material pair Mid Wave Infrared (MWIR)

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Inferring the solution space of microscope objective lenses using deep learning

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2022年第5期30卷 6531-6545页

作者： Cote, Geoffroi Zhang, Yueqian Menke, Christoph Lalonde, Jean-Francois Thibault, Simon Univ Laval Quebec City PQ G1V 0A6 Canada Carl Zeiss D-07745 Jena Germany Carl Zeiss D-73446 Oberkochen Germany

lens design extrapolation (LDE) is a data-driven approach to optical design that aims to generate new optical systems inspired by reference designs. Here, we build on a deep learning-enabled LDE framework with the aim of generating a significant variety of microscope objective lenses (MOLs) that are similar in structure to the reference MOLs, but with varied sequences-defined as a particular arrangement of glass elements, air gaps, and aperture stop placement. We first formulate LDE as a one-to-many problem-specifically, generating varied lenses for any set of specifications and lens sequence. Next, by quantifying the structure of a MOL from the slopes of its marginal ray, we improve the training objective to capture the structures of the reference MOLs (e.g., Double-Gauss, Lister, retrotbcus, etc.). From only 34 reference MOLs, we generate designs across 7432 lens sequences and show that the inferred designs accurately capture the structural diversity and performance of the dataset. Our contribution answers two current challenges of the LDE framework: incorporating a meaningful one-to-many mapping, and successfully extrapolating to lens sequences unseen in the dataset-a problem much harder than the one of extrapolating to new specifications. (C) 2022 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： Geometric optics Image quality lens design optical design optical design software optical systems

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Generative design and Digital Manufacturing: Using AI and robots to build lightweight instruments 23

Generative Design and Digital Manufacturing: Using AI and ro...

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Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXIII Part of SPIE Optics and Photonics Conference

作者： McClelland, Ryan NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr Greenbelt MD 20770 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181

Digital engineering technologies are transforming long-stagnant development processes by applying the tremendous advancements in Information Technology (IT) to classical engineering tasks such as design, analysis, and fabrication of space-flight instrument structures. Generative design leverages developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cloud computing to enable a paradigm shift in the design process, allowing the engineer to focus on defining the requirements and objectives of the design while AI generates optimized designs which comply with the input requirements. Digital Manufacturing allows these complex lightweight designs to be efficiently manufactured by directly fabricating from the resulting 3D models. The development of these two Digital engineering technologies realizes significant mass savings while simultaneously reducing structure development time from months to days. This paper describes the development of the Evolved Structures process applying these technologies to spaceflight optical instrument structures including an example demonstrating greater than 10x reduction in development time/cost and greater than 3x improvement in structural performance.

关键词： Generative design Digital Manufacturing Topology Optimization Evolved Structures AI

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current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXI

Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering ...

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current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXI 2020

ISBN: (纸本)9781510637702

The proceedings contain 14 papers. The topics discussed include: ultrashort throw lenses with catadioptric relay suitable for flat and curved screens;light field displays for near eye vR and AR;wide angle lens with improved relative illumination characteristics;optimization of a mobile phone camera for as-built performance;inverse designed flat optics with multilevel diffractive lenses;optical design of triple-mode seeker;comparison of passive athermalization results of LWIR optical designs utilizing different infrared optical materials;and design of an anastigmatic three-mirror telescope using freeform surfaces.

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Achieving multiple beam patterns using 3-D printed lens by changing the position of LEDs 23

Achieving multiple beam patterns using 3-D printed lens by c...

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Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXIII Part of SPIE Optics and Photonics Conference

作者： Udage, Akila S. Narendran, Nadarajah Rensselaer Polytech Inst Lighting Res Ctr 21 Union St Troy NY 12180 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181

As lighting has diversified across many applications, optical designers have been challenged to produce application-specific optical systems. For an instance where multiple beam distributions are required in an application, instead of making individual lenses catering to different beam shapes, it would be beneficial to create a single optic that can be used with different LED source positioning. Hence, this study proposes a method of positioning LEDs in a fixture to achieve multiple beam patterns using a fixed lens design. Through ray-tracing analysis, we showed that different beam distributions could be obtained by changing the LED position in a refractive lens array. The experimental study was conducted with a 3D-printed lens to validate the model. The results confirm the possibility of creating a single fixed lens to achieve multiple beam distributions via different LED positioning. The proposed novel method can replace the expensive and cumbersome process of developing separate lenses for each beam distribution. Further, our experimental results can guide fixture manufacturers on the use of 3D-printed optics for lighting applications.

关键词： Beam shaping Multiple beams Lighting 3D printing Optics Additive manufacturing

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An endoscopic lens with internal focusing 23

An endoscopic lens with internal focusing

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Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXIII Part of SPIE Optics and Photonics Conference

作者： Rehn, Henning Forrer, Hans Mehne, Christian Betke, Alexander Bobic, Neven Schumm, Tobias Graf, Christian Klein, Kirsten Hein, Simon Miernik, Arkadiusz FISBA AG Rorschacher Str 268 CH-9016 St Gallen Switzerland FISBA Photon GmbH Schwarzschildstr 12 D-12489 Berlin Germany Actuator Solut GmbH Richard Stucklen Str 19 D-91710 Gunzenhausen Germany KARL STORZ SE & Co KG Dr Karl Storz Str 34 D-78532 Tuttlingen Germany Univ Freiburg Med Ctr Fac Med Dept Urol Hugstetter Str 55 D-79106 Freiburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181

We report optical and optomechanical design of a new endoscopic system for the urinary bladder. On the basis of the specification, key requirements of the optics are derived. The required high resolution goes hand in hand with a depth of field much smaller than the intended object distance range and raises the need for image focusing. Such a focus mechanism was realized in the small endoscope tip volume with the help of smart memory alloy wires and a matching optical and mechanical design. MTF measurements and practical tests demonstrate a proper function of a prototype of the device.

关键词： Endoscope lens Chip on Tip Internal Focusing

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design of projection-based augmented reality system using holographic screen display 23

Design of projection-based augmented reality system using ho...

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Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXIII Part of SPIE Optics and Photonics Conference

作者： Nishikawa, Jun Nakamura, Tomoharu Sony Grp Corp R&D Ctr Atsugi TEC 4-14-1 Asahi Cho Atsugi Kanagawa 2430014 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181

Holographic display elements (HOEs) with a high diffraction efficiency and size enlargement have been developed since 2019. To achieve high brightness and low haze, unprecedented optical systems have been proposed with a uniform chief ray angle of 0 degrees in the x-section and 70 degrees in the y-section of the HOEs. A 360 degrees cylindrical holographic screen display (CHSD) was obtained by providing a large tilt to the surface shape near the optical axis. This was done using a first-order odd aspherical coefficient for the light flux from a refractive optical system (RO). A flat holographic screen display (FHSD) is a compact, high-performance display that uses three decentered and tilted freeform mirrors to route light flux from the RO in a ball-like form. Prototyping also proposes the possibility of an augmented reality system that takes advantage of the high transparency. The design for further miniaturization while maintaining optical performance was also discussed, in which the size of the first mirror was reduced by reducing the half-field angle of the RO to approximately 6 degrees. Furthermore, by increasing the negative power of the second mirror, the small size could be maintained The size of the last mirror was dependent on the screen size and could not be reduced. By laying down the posture of this mirror, we were able to halve the size reduction in the vertical direction. In this paper, lens designs for CHSDs and FHSDs are reported. The potential of this display is also discussed.

关键词： Holographic optical elements augmented reality display freeform mirror projection lens lens design

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Wide aperture (50 mm), compact and high-quality continuous focus tunable Gradient Refractive Index (GRIN) liquid crystal lenses 23

Wide aperture (50 mm), compact and high-quality continuous f...

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Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XXIII Part of SPIE Optics and Photonics Conference

作者： Bhowmick, Amit K. Jamali, Afsoon Bryant, Douglas Pintz, Sandro Bos, Philip Kent State Univ Adv Mat & Liquid Crystal Inst Kent OH 44240 USA Real Labs Meta Redmond WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181

Continuous tunable lenses have significant prospect to replace conventional bulky fixed power lens system. However, light weight, fast response, large aperture (>1 cm) tunable lens system remained an active challenge in the field of adaptive optics. While many approaches have been reported so far, very few can be realized for practical application of optics that requires large aperture size tunable lenses. Gradient Refractive Index (GRIN) liquid crystal lenses are one of approach which gives good control over the continuous tunability, however, large aperture device suffers from very low switching speed. In this paper, without compromising the switching speed, we are reporting 5 cm aperture size GRIN liquid crystal based continuous tunable focus lens. Reported approach implements Fresnel lens like parabolic shaped segmented phase profile instead of continuous phase, which is obtained from segmented voltage distribution. The designed lens is flat, fast switching (<500 ms), thin (< 2 mm), light weight (< 10 gm), low voltage driven (< 5 v), also tunable continuously between positive to negative power. Such compact system with good optical quality scopes for potential application in eyeglasses to solve presbyopia, accomodation-convergence mismatch issue in emerging head mounted display technology, and many other imaging systems.

关键词： Liquid Crystal lens Accommodation-Convergence mismatch correction Tunable lens Adaptive focus

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