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MEMS-actuated metasurface Alvarez lens

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 334-344页

作者： Zheyi Han Shane Colburn Arka Majumdar Karl F.Bohringer Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195USA Institute for Nano-Engineered Systems University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195USA Department of Bioengineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195USA

Miniature lenses with a tunable focus are essential components for many modern applications involving compact optical *** several tunable lenses have been reported with various tuning mechanisms,they often face challenges with respect to power consumption,tuning speed,fabrication cost,or production *** this work,we have adapted the mechanism of an Alvarez lens–a varifocal composite lens in which lateral shifts of two optical elements with cubic phase surfaces give rise to a change in the optical power–to construct a miniature,microelectromechanical system(MEMS)-actuated metasurface Alvarez *** based on an electrostatic MEMS generates fast and controllable actuation with low power *** utilization of metasurfaces–ultrathin and subwavelength-patterned diffractive optics–as optical elements greatly reduces the device volume compared to systems using conventional freeform *** entire MEMS Alvarez metalens is fully compatible with modern semiconductor fabrication technologies,granting it the potential to be mass-produced at a low unit *** the reported prototype operating at 1550 nm wavelength,a total uniaxial displacement of 6.3µm was achieved in the Alvarez metalens with a direct-current(DC)voltage application up to 20v,which modulated the focal position within a total tuning range of 68µm,producing more than an order of magnitude change in the focal length and a 1460-diopter change in the optical *** MEMS Alvarez metalens has a robust design that can potentially generate a much larger tuning range without substantially increasing the device volume or energy consumption,making it desirable for a wide range of imaging and display applications.

关键词： electrostatic optics adapted

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CCAT: A status update on the EoR-Spec instrument module for Prime-Cam

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Freundt, Rodrigo Li, Yaqiong Henke, Doug Austermann, Jason Burgoyne, James R. Chapman, Scott Choi, Steve K. Duell, Cody J. Huber, Zach Niemack, Michael Nikola, Thomas Lin, Lawrence Riechers, Dominik A. Stacey, Gordon vaskuri, Anna K. vavagiakis, Eve M. Wheeler, Jordan Zou, Bugao Department of Astronomy Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics 5071 West Saanich Rd VictoriaBCV9E 2E7 Canada Quantum Sensors Division National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO80305 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia VancouverV6T 1Z1 Canada Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie University HalifaxNSB3H 4R2 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Sciences Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Institut für Astrophysik Universität zu Köln Zülpicher Strasse 77 Köln50937 Germany Department of Physics Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Department of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States

The Epoch of Reionization Spectrometer (EoR-Spec) is an upcoming Line Intensity Mapping (LIM) instrument designed to study the evolution of the early universe (z = 3.5 to 8) by probing the redshifted [CII] 158 µm fine-structure line from aggregates of galaxies. The [CII] emission is an excellent tracer of star formation since it is the dominant cooling line from neutral gas heated by OB star light and thus can be used to probe the reionization of the early Universe due to star formation. EoR-Spec will be deployed on Prime-Cam, a modular direct-detection receiver for the 6-meter Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST), currently under construction by CPI vertex Antennentechnik GmbH and to be installed near the summit of Cerro Chajnantor in the Atacama Desert. This instrument features an image plane populated with more than 6500 Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) that are illuminated by a 4-lens optical design with a cryogenic, scanning Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) at the pupil of the optical system. The FPI is designed to provide a spectral resolving power of R ∼ 100 over the full spectral range of 210–420 GHz. EoR-Spec will tomographically survey the E-COSMOS and E-CDFS fields with a depth of about 4000 hours over a 5 year period. Here we give an update on EoR-Spec’s final mechanical/optical design and the current status of fabrication, characterization and testing towards first light in 2026. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Fabry-Perot interferometers

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Introducing a dynamic deep neural network to infer lens design starting points 20

Introducing a dynamic deep neural network to infer lens desi...

引用

Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XX

作者： Cote, Geoffroi Lalonde, Jean-Francois Thibault, Simon Univ Laval Ctr Opt Photon & Laser Quebec City PQ G1V 0A6 Canada Univ Laval Lab Vis & Syst Numer Quebec City PQ G1V 0A6 Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781510629028

ISBN: (纸本)9781510629028

Most lens design problems involve the time-consuming task of finding a proper starting point, that is, a lens design that approximately fulfills the desired first-order specifications while decently correcting aberrations. In recent work, a fully-connected (FC) deep neural network was trained to learn this task by extrapolating from known lens design databases. Here, we introduce a new dynamic neural-network architecture for the starting point problem which is based on a recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture. As we show, the dynamic network can learn to infer good starting points on many lens design structures at once whereas the previous model was limited to a given sequence of glass elements and air gaps. We also show that a pretrained RNN model can generalize its knowledge over new lens design structures for which we have no reference lens design and obtain a significantly better optical performance than a RNN trained from scratch.

关键词： Manuscript format template SPIE Proceedings LaTeX

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A Monolithic optical Sensor for IoT Devices Proximity-Detection

A Monolithic Optical Sensor for IoT Devices Proximity-Detect...

引用

Electrical engineering and Control Science (IC2ECS), International Conference on

作者： Qianfan Ran Xudong Zhang Chaoyang Song Yuan Li Zhihong Lin Patrick Yin Chiang State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System Fudan University Shanghai China

Nowadays, low power consumption is one of the key developments in mobile internet-of-things (IoT) devices proximity-detection. A low power monolithic CMOS optical sensor is presented in this article. The prototype sensor uses an auto-zero and correlated double sampling (CDS) based sample and hold (S/H) stage, which reduces low frequency noise as well as the op-amp DC offset and photodiode (PD) dark current and also serves as a single-ended-to-differential converter. A third-order single-bit delta sigma ADC is implemented to attain high resolution proximity sensing. The optical sensor is fabricated with a 0.18 $\mu$m CMOS process. The die size is 0.7*1.2 mm 2 and the chip scale package dimensions are only $2\times 1\times 0.7$ mm 3 , showing high industrial design flexibility of sensor apertures sizes and shapes. The sensor draws an average current of 200 $\mu$A from a 1.8 v supply during the active state. Tested under a 90% reflectance panel, the measurement results show a proximity distance of 20 mm and a resolution of 0.5 mm, which makes it a practical approach to proximity sensing in IoT devices.

关键词： Reflectivity Sigma-delta modulation Semiconductor device measurement Power demand Shape Prototypes CMOS process

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General formula for aspheric collimator lens design free of spherical aberration 20

General formula for aspheric collimator lens design free of ...

引用

Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XX

作者： Gonzalez-Acuna, Rafael G. Gutierrez-vega, Julio C. Tecnol Monterrey Photon & Math Opt Grp Monterrey 64849 Mexico

We present the general formula to generated aspheric collimator lens free of spherical aberration and astigmatism. The presented formula describes the second surface of the aspheric singlet such as it correct the sphe... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781510629028

ISBN: (纸本)9781510629028

关键词： optical design aspheric collimator

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design and pre-development of an airborne multi-species differential absorption Lidar system for water vapor and HDO isotope, carbon dioxide, and methane observation

Design and pre-development of an airborne multi-species diff...

引用

2020 International Conference on Space Optics, ICSO 2020

作者： Dherbecourt, J.B. Raybaut, M. Melkonian, J.M. Hamperl, J. Santagata, R. Dalin, M. Lebat, v. Godard, A. Flamant, C. Totems, J. Chazette, P. Pasiskevicius, v. Heinecke, D. Schäfer, H. Strotkamp, M. Geus, J.F. Rapp, S. Sodemann, H. Steen-Larsen, H.C. DPHY ONERA Université ParisSaclay PalaiseauF-91123 France UMR 8190 CNRS-SU-UVSQ Paris France UMR 1572 CEA-CNRSUVSQ Gif-sur-Yvette France Roslagstullsbacken 21 Stockholm10691 Sweden SpaceTech GmbH Seelbachstr. 13 Immenstaad88090 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology Steinbachstr. 15 Aachen52074 Germany InnoLas Laser GmbH Justus-von-Liebig- Ring 8 Krailling82152 Germany Geophysical Institute University of Bergen Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research Bergen Norway

We report on the current design and preliminary developments of the airborne Lidar Emitter and Multi-species greenhouse gases Observation iNstrument (LEMON), which is aiming at probing H2O and its isotope HDO at 1982 nm, CO2 at 2051 nm, and potentially CH4 at 2290 nm, with the Differential Absorption Lidar method (DIAL). The infrared emitter is based on the combination of two Nested Cavity OPOs (NesCOPOs) with a single optical parametric amplifier (OPA) line for high-energy pulse generation. This configuration is enabled by the use of high-aperture periodically poled KTP crystals (PPKTP), which provide efficient amplification in the spectral range of interest around 2 μm with slight temperature adjustments. The parametric stages are pumped with a Nd:YAG laser providing 200 mJ nanosecond double pulses at 75 Hz. According to parametric conversion simulations supported by current laboratory experiments, output energies in the 40 - 50 mJ range are expected in the extracted signal beam whilst maintaining a good beam quality (M2 © 2021 ESA and CNES

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Large area optimization of meta-lens via data-free machine learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhelyeznyakov, Maksym v. Fröch, Johannes E. Wirth-Singh, Anna Noh, Jaebum Rho, Junsuk Brunton, Steven L. Majumdar, Arka Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Physics SeattleWA98195 United States Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Pohang37673 Korea Republic of POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Washington WA98195 United States

Sub-wavelength diffractive optics meta-optics present a multi-scale optical system, where the behavior of constituent sub-wavelength scatterers, or meta-atoms, need to be modelled by full-wave electromagnetic simulations, whereas the whole meta-optical system can be modelled using ray/ wave optics. current simulation techniques for large-scale meta-optics rely on the local phase approximation (LPA), where the coupling between dissimilar meta-atoms are completely neglected. Here we introduce a physics-informed neural network, which can efficiently model the meta-optics while still incorporating all of the coupling between meta-atoms. Unlike existing deep learning techniques which generally predict the mean transmission and reflection coefficients of meta-atoms, we predict the full electro-magnetic field distribution. We demonstrate the efficacy of our technique by designing 1mm aperture cylindrical meta-lenses exhibiting higher efficiency than the ones designed under LPA. We experimentally validated the maximum intensity improvement (up to 53%) of the inverse-designed meta-lens. Our reported method can design large aperture (∼ 104 − 105λ) meta-optics in a reasonable time (approximately 15 minutes on a graphics processing unit) without relying on any approximation. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational electromagnetics

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Application of GPUs in optical design software 20

Application of GPUs in optical design software

引用

Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XX

作者： Mischuck, Brian Page, Erik Croce, Alessandra Zemax 10230 NE Points Dr 500 Kirkland WA 98033 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510629028

ISBN: (纸本)9781510629028

We present an overview of the pros and cons of using GPUs in optical design software. While GPUs can run multiple calculations in parallel, that parallelization comes with a price. We will discuss the trade-offs that allow GPUs to run up to thousands of cores in parallel and how those trade-offs effect the use of GPUs in optical design software. In particular, we review the use of GPUs in several steps of design calculations, including ray-tracing and computationally expensive steps such as calculating Huygens integrals.

关键词： OpticStudio GPU PSF Scientific Computing

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Roadmap on Advances in visual and Physiological Optics

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Gómez-Correa, Jesús E. vohnsen, Brian Pierścionek, Barbara K. Chávez-Cerda, Sabino Kling, Sabine Rozema, Jos J. Applegate, Raymond A. Scarcelli, Giuliano Randleman, J. Bradley Goncharov, Alexander v. Fitzpatrick, Amy Morgan, Jessica I.W. Roorda, Austin Atchison, David A. Trevino, Juan P. Consejo, Alejandra Börjeson, Charlie Lundström, Linda Bang, Seung Pil Yoon, Geunyoung Karnowski, Karol Kaluzny, Bartlomiej J. Grulkowski, Ireneusz Barbero, Sergio Artal, Pablo Tabernero, Juan Kollbaum, Pete Thébault, Stéphanie C. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica Coordinación de Óptica Pue 72840 Mexico Optics Group School of Physics University College Dublin Beech Hill Ireland Faculty of Health Medicine and Social Care Medical Technology Research Centre Anglia Ruskin University Bishops Hall Lane Chelmsford United Kingdom ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research University of Bern Freiburgstrasse 3 Bern3010 Switzerland Visual Optics Lab Antwerp Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium Dept. of Ophthalmology Antwerp University Hospital Edegem Belgium College of Optometry University of Houston HoustonTX United States University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Cole Eye Institute ClevelandOH United States School of Natural Sciences University of Galway Ireland Scheie Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Herbert Wertheim School of Optom. Vis. Sci. University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720-2020 United States Centre for Vision and Eye Research Queensland University of Technology Kelvin Grove Australia Universidad Politécnica de Puebla Cuanalá Puebla 72640 Mexico Tecnológico de Monterrey Mexico University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Applied Physics Stockholm Sweden Department of Ophthalmology Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center Daegu Korea Republic of International Centre for Translational Eye Research ul. Skierniewicka 10A Warsaw01-230 Poland Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences ul. M. Kasprzaka 44/52 Warszawa01-224 Poland Department of Ophthalmology Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University ul. M. Curie Sklodowskiej 9 Bydgoszcz85-094 Poland Institute of Physics Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Informatics Nicolaus Copernicus Un

The field of visual and physiological optics is undergoing continuous significant advancements, driven by a deeper understanding of the human visual system and the development of cutting-edge optical technologies. This Roadmap, authored by leading experts, delves into critical areas such as corneal biomechanical properties, keratoconus, and advancements in corneal imaging and elastography. It explores the intricate structure-function relationship within the eye lens, offering new perspectives through lens models and ray tracing techniques. The document also covers advancements in retinal imaging, highlighting the current state and future directions, and the role of adaptive optics in evaluating retinal structure and function in both healthy and diseased eyes. Furthermore, it addresses the modelling of ocular surfaces using different mathematical functions and examines the factors affecting peripheral image quality in the human eye, emphasizing the importance of these aspects in visual performance. Additional topics include schematic and functional models of the human eye, the impact of optical and chromatic aberrations, and the design of contact, and intraocular lenses. Finally, the Roadmap addresses the intersection of neurosciences with vision health, presenting a comprehensive overview of current research and future trends aimed at improving visual health and optical performance. Ultimately, this Roadmap aims to serve as a valuable resource for ophthalmologists, optometrists, vision scientists, and engineers dedicated to advancing the field of visual and physiological optics. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adaptive optics

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Consumer Electronic Optics: How Small a lens Can Be Using Metasurfaces 20

Consumer Electronic Optics: How Small a Lens Can Be Using Me...

引用

Conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XX

作者： Thibault, Simon Univ Laval Ctr Opt Photon & Lasers COPL Quebec City PQ Canada Immervis Inc Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781510629028

ISBN: (纸本)9781510629028

Miniature optics are used in many applications and particularly in consumer optics for such products as webcams, mobile phones, automotive components, endoscopes, tablets, and many other connected devices. Mobile phone cameras are probably the ones that have driven the race for shorter TTL over the past 10 years. Ten years ago, cell phone cameras were composed of 3-4 optical plastic elements within one camera lens;today it takes more than 6 optical elements to obtain mega pixel resolution. But it is still not enough. The market has an insatiable appetite for greater optical performance. Consequently, the lens system has become more complex and now may require more optical elements with more complex optical functions. In this context, can the metasurface lens play a role? In this paper, we will try to address this question and discuss how metasurfaces promise to become a game changer in the consumer electronics market.

关键词： lens design Metasurface Dielectric Nanofin Aberration Cell Phone Camera Phone

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