The meniscus between two immiscible liquids can be used as an opticallens. A change in curvature of this meniscus by electrowetting leads to a change in focal distance. We demonstrate that two liquids in a tube form ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
The meniscus between two immiscible liquids can be used as an opticallens. A change in curvature of this meniscus by electrowetting leads to a change in focal distance. We demonstrate that two liquids in a tube form a self-centered tunable lens of high optical quality. Several properties were studied, such as optical performance, electrical characteristics and dynamic behavior. We designed and constructed a miniature camera module based on this tunable lens and show that it is very well suited for use in portable applications.
We present details of opticaldesign, opto-mechanical design and testing of a visible-NIR imaging optical system for a Fourier transform spectrometer dedicated to astronomical application at the Mont Megantic Observat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
We present details of opticaldesign, opto-mechanical design and testing of a visible-NIR imaging optical system for a Fourier transform spectrometer dedicated to astronomical application at the Mont Megantic Observatory (Observatoire du Mont Megantic, OMM, located south Quebec city, Canada). design considerations as well as testing and experimental results are presented.
The paper presents a new processing method for design and fabrication of microlens by microfluidic deposition, in which the lenses can be formed on the media with high precise location in the fabrication process. Firs...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
The paper presents a new processing method for design and fabrication of microlens by microfluidic deposition, in which the lenses can be formed on the media with high precise location in the fabrication process. First we may apply physical vaporization deposition (PVD) or spin coating to fabricate a thin film;secondly, the hydrophilic pattern specified by the mask of lenses can be created by photolithography, where the special lens media is made herein. Finally, the liquid solution of lens material is deposited onto the predetermined location of the lens media by the drop-on-demand fluidic actuator;thus, the microlenses are consequently formed after the complete evaporation of solvent in the solution.
New catadioptric objectives have been developed with large bandwidths in the DUV, high numerical apertures (NAs), and small size. This can be achieved using a single glass material. designs are specifically optimized ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
New catadioptric objectives have been developed with large bandwidths in the DUV, high numerical apertures (NAs), and small size. This can be achieved using a single glass material. designs are specifically optimized for loose alignment tolerances and ease of manufacturability. Applications include broad band DUV imaging and high resolution immersion imaging for industrial microscopy and life sciences.
The merit function landscape of systems of thin lenses in contact, which are perhaps the simplest possible types of optical systems, shows remarkable regularities. It is easier to understand how the optimization param...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
The merit function landscape of systems of thin lenses in contact, which are perhaps the simplest possible types of optical systems, shows remarkable regularities. It is easier to understand how the optimization parameter space of these simple systems is divided into basins of attraction for the various local minima if one focuses on the (Morse index 1) saddle points in the landscape rather than on the local minima themselves. The existence and the basic properties of these saddle points can be predicted by thin-lens theory, which is applied on a simplified model of the merit function containing only third-order spherical aberration. The predictions of this simplified model are confirmed by numerical results obtained with a typical merit function based on ray tracing.
The use of wavefront measurements to deduce the state of multiple optics in a telescope beam train - their misalignments and figure errors - can be confused by the fact that there are multiple potential sources for th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
The use of wavefront measurements to deduce the state of multiple optics in a telescope beam train - their misalignments and figure errors - can be confused by the fact that there are multiple potential sources for the same measured error. This talk applies Kalman filtering techniques as a tool for separating true telescope errors from artifactual testing errors in the alignment and testing of NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, a large segmented-aperture cryogenic telescope to be launched after 2010.
An ultra-fast focal reducer design originally intended for use with spherical primary mirrors (published in opticalengineering, February, 2003), has been adapted for use as a retro-fit for existing telescopes of simi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
An ultra-fast focal reducer design originally intended for use with spherical primary mirrors (published in opticalengineering, February, 2003), has been adapted for use as a retro-fit for existing telescopes of similar to2m pupil diameter that have aspheric mirrors. The focal reducer has only one aspheric surface, located at the aperture stop, and can provide speeds up to f/0.75 while maintaining a wide field with pixel-limited resolution and a broad spectral passband. Examples have been computed for Ritchie-Chretien, Dall-Kirkham and Cassegrain systems, and for use at the prime focus of mirrors with non-zero conic constants.
A fast (F/1.55) and wide-angle refractive camera objective has been developed to work with a large-size CCD on the focal plane of the spectrograph of Mont Megantique telescope for large spectral coverage from UV to VI...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
A fast (F/1.55) and wide-angle refractive camera objective has been developed to work with a large-size CCD on the focal plane of the spectrograph of Mont Megantique telescope for large spectral coverage from UV to VIS and up to NIR. The novel camera objective has been designed and optimized with three different glass combinations in order to have higher throughputs for large spectral coverage, especially in UV region. The tolerance analysis of the camera objective is given in the paper. The final opto-mechanical design of the objective is discussed with the consideration of the manufacturing tolerance in the optical and mechanical parts, as given in this paper. The used components have been minimized to reduce the light inherent lost. The optical testing results displayed the good optical performance of the camera with the required resolution for the whole FOV, as predicted by the optical simulation and computation. The broadband AR coating, enhanced on UV region, have been used on each surface of the lenses in the optical system.
Calcium fluoride is a desirable material for opticaldesign of space systems in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared bands. Modem calcium fluoride materials fabricated for the photolithography industry are highly re...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
Calcium fluoride is a desirable material for opticaldesign of space systems in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared bands. Modem calcium fluoride materials fabricated for the photolithography industry are highly resistant to space radiation. The wide wavelength band and low dispersion are also desirable properties. Unfortunately, calcium fluoride has a host of significant material property issues which hinder its use in the space environment. Low hardness, susceptibility to thermal and mechanical shock, and large coefficient of thermal expansion present significant challenges during development of opto-mechanical designs. Sandia National Laboratories Monitoring Systems and Technology Center has fielded a calcium fluoride based optical system for use in space. The Sandia design solution is based upon a spring-loaded mount which uses no volatile organic compounds. The theory of the Sandia solution is developed and design rules are presented. The Sandia design solution is illustrated for a specific example. Example design and margin calculations are shown. Finally, lessons learned from our design realization and qualification testing efforts are shared for the benefit of the community.
We develop a method for the calculation of the integrals arising in the diffraction theory of aberrations. This method is developed from in a previous one based in the division of the diffracting aperture in semiperio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454613
We develop a method for the calculation of the integrals arising in the diffraction theory of aberrations. This method is developed from in a previous one based in the division of the diffracting aperture in semiperiodic zones, which enabled the exact calculation of the Point-Spread Function of an optical system. By a careful analysis of the integration process and of the properties of the semiperiodic zones, we develop a set of formulae that give an approximate value of the result of the diffraction integrals. This permits to avoid the numerical calculation of the integrals, which is a computationally intensive procedure and enables a substantial reduction of the computation times. The method has been tested on aberration-free optical systems and real optical systems and has shown a good accuracy, although some minor problems require further investigation.
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