Bullet-shaped LEDs are commonly used in self-luminous traffic signs as LED-dotted matrices due to their low cost, simplicity, robustness, and ease of installation. We proposed a simple low-cost method that creates a m...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510612082;9781510612075
Bullet-shaped LEDs are commonly used in self-luminous traffic signs as LED-dotted matrices due to their low cost, simplicity, robustness, and ease of installation. We proposed a simple low-cost method that creates a model suitable for the high manufacturing tolerance found in bullet-shaped LEDs. The method starts from measuring multiple one-dimensional angular intensity patterns at interested distances from multiple LEDs to form a database, including distances at 10, 15, 20, 25, 35, 50, and 100 mm. Their normalized cross-correlations are then calculated to find the batch that has the most similarity and base our model off that batch. Finally, we validate the model via Monte Carlo simulations in comparison to the original one-dimensional angular intensity patterns in the database. The platform demonstrated to obtain an average of 99% in normalized cross correlation between different batches of the same model LED, and a model of that LED is currently under development.
The design of the rigid contact lens (CL) with slope-constrained Q-type aspheres for myopia correction is presented in this paper. The spherical CL is the most common type for myopia correction, however the spherical ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510612082;9781510612075
The design of the rigid contact lens (CL) with slope-constrained Q-type aspheres for myopia correction is presented in this paper. The spherical CL is the most common type for myopia correction, however the spherical aberration (SA) caused from the pupil dilation in dark leads to the degradation of visual acuity which cannot be corrected by spherical surface. The spherical and aspheric CLs are designed respectively based on Liou's schematic eye model, and the criterion is the modulation transfer function (MTF) at the frequency of 100 line pair per mm, which corresponds to the normal vision of one arc-minute. After optimization, the MTF of the aspheric design is superior to that of the spherical design, because the aspheric surface corrects the SA for improving the visual acuity in dark. For avoiding the scratch caused from the contact profilometer, the aspheric surface is designed to match the measurability of the interferometer. The Q-type aspheric surface is employed to constrain the root-mean-square (rms) slope of the departure from a best-fit sphere directly, because the fringe density is limited by the interferometer. The maximum sag departure from a best-fit sphere is also controlled according to the measurability of the aspheric stitching interferometer (ASI). The inflection point is removed during optimization for measurability and appearance. In this study, the aspheric CL is successfully designed with Q-type aspheres for the measurability of the interferometer. It not only corrects the myopia but also eliminates the SA for improving the visual acuity in dark based on the schematic eye model.
A hyperspectral imaging system is proposed for early study of skin diagnosis. A stable and high hyperspectral image quality is important for analysis. Therefore, a light guide sleeve (LGS) was designed for the embedde...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510612082;9781510612075
A hyperspectral imaging system is proposed for early study of skin diagnosis. A stable and high hyperspectral image quality is important for analysis. Therefore, a light guide sleeve (LGS) was designed for the embedded on a hyperspectral imaging system. It provides a uniform light source on the object plane with the determined distance. Furthermore, it can shield the ambient light from entering the system and increasing noise. For the purpose of producing a uniform light source, the LGS device was designed in the symmetrical double-layered structure. It has light cut structures to adjust distribution of rays between two layers and has the Lambertian surface in the front-end to promote output uniformity. In the simulation of the design, the uniformity of illuminance was about 91.7%. In the measurement of the actual light guide sleeve, the uniformity of illuminance was about 92.5%.
For realization of a miniaturized optical gyroscope the precise assembly of optical micro components is crucial. To detect the rotation rate the laser beam must circulate many times and not leave the resonator due to ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510612082;9781510612075
For realization of a miniaturized optical gyroscope the precise assembly of optical micro components is crucial. To detect the rotation rate the laser beam must circulate many times and not leave the resonator due to small misalignments. The assembly of a passive free space triangular ring resonator in which the light can circulate by reflections at three mirrors is investigated. The beam path encloses an area of about 100 mm(2). The resonator shall be activated by an external light source at 1550 nm, a wavelength at which silicon is translucent and allowing to couple light into the resonator through the silicon mirrors. To utilize an inherent mirror alignment two of the mirrors are fabricated with a micro manufacturing process within the same crystal by wet etching resulting in very perfect {111} facets. The etching solution was optimized with respect to process time and smoothness of the mirror surfaces. To further increase the reflectivity of the mirrors different kinds of coatings are tested. With these two perfectly positioned mirrors the assembly challenge reduces to 3DOF alignment of a third {100} mirror for which a well-designed adjustable spacer is developed. In first tests resonance in a linear cavity test setup is demonstrated already.
The proceedings contain 35 papers. The topics discussed include: wavefront analysis from its slope data;parametric diffraction efficiency of non-paraxial sinusoidal reflection gratings;camera system MTF: combining opt...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510612075
The proceedings contain 35 papers. The topics discussed include: wavefront analysis from its slope data;parametric diffraction efficiency of non-paraxial sinusoidal reflection gratings;camera system MTF: combining optic with detector;diffraction and geometrical optical transfer functions: calculation time comparison;linear decomposition of the optical transfer function for annular pupils;assembly of a micro-optical resonator based on silicon micro mirrors for use in gyroscopes;and fabrication of multi-focal microlens array on curved surface for wideangle camera module.
A multi-band pass filter array was proposed and designed for short wave infrared applications. The central wavelength of the multi-band pass filters are located about 905 nm, 950 nm, 1055 nm and 1550 nm. In the simula...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510612082;9781510612075
A multi-band pass filter array was proposed and designed for short wave infrared applications. The central wavelength of the multi-band pass filters are located about 905 nm, 950 nm, 1055 nm and 1550 nm. In the simulation of an optical interference band pass filter, high spectrum performance (high transmittance ratio between the pass band and stop band) relies on (1) the index gap between the selected high/low-index film materials, with a larger gap correlated to higher performance, and (2) sufficient repeated periods of high/low-index thin-film layers. When determining high and low refractive index materials, spectrum performance was improved by increasing repeated periods. Consequently, the total film thickness increases rapidly. In some cases, a thick total film thickness is difficult to process in practice, especially when incorporating photolithography liftoff. Actually the maximal thickness of the photoresist being able to liftoff will bound the total film thickness of the band pass filter. For the application of the short wave infrared with the wavelength range from 900nm to 1700nm, silicone was chosen as a high refractive index material. Different from other dielectric materials used in the visible range, silicone has a higher absorptance in the visible range opposite to higher transmission in the short wave infrared. In other words, designing band pass filters based on silicone as a high refractive index material film could not obtain a better spectrum performance than conventional high index materials like TiO2 or Ta2O5, but also its material cost would reduce about half compared to the total film thickness with the conventional material TiO2. Through the simulation and several experimental trials, the total film thickness below 4 um was practicable and reasonable. The fabrication of the filters was employed a dual electric gun deposition system with ion assisted deposition after the lithography process. Repeating four times of lithography and deposition p
This work is dedicated to the evaluation of the chromatic properties of high order kinoforms. Typical kinoform (of the first order) is a phase only structure having the phase retardation varying in the range 0-2 pi. S...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781628412192
This work is dedicated to the evaluation of the chromatic properties of high order kinoforms. Typical kinoform (of the first order) is a phase only structure having the phase retardation varying in the range 0-2 pi. Such structures are very commonly used in many practical applications for different ranges of electromagnetic radiation like ultraviolet, visible, infrared, terahertz and millimeter waves. Besides those benefits such structures have one crucial disadvantage - they suffer from big chromatic aberration. This limits their practical application only to the narrowband work, where main wavelength must be well defined (Delta lambda/lambda<<1). This paper presents other type of diffractive structures called high order kinoforms (HOK). They exhibit phase retardation of n2 pi, where n is an integer number much bigger than 1. Due to this fact they are relatively thin and therefore can be manufactured using laser lithography in thick photoresist (deeply etched). On the other hand they are thick enough to suppress chromatic aberrations. In comparison to the well-known Fresnel lens, the high order kinoform structure has precisely controlled phase retardation between different zones. In the case of the Fresnel lens (known from xviii/XIX century), phase retardations between different zones are random (designing process is based on the geometrical optics). In the case of the high order kinoform working as the spherical lens - taking into account the real size of the detector - it can be shown that the most of the energy being focused in the focal spot will be registered by the detector for different wavelengths. The paper presents simple theoretical considerations, numerical modeling and their experimental evaluation.
暂无评论