Presents the results of the opticaldesign of lens objectives for polarization light microscopes, including to ensure that the special techniques. Sometimes such methods require the use of objectives similar magnifica...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781510620629
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510620629
Presents the results of the opticaldesign of lens objectives for polarization light microscopes, including to ensure that the special techniques. Sometimes such methods require the use of objectives similar magnifications in air and in immersion;with iris aperture diaphragm.
This paper presents a new idea for the optimization of an initial lens structure type from an optical lens database on the basis of introducing optical lens database (OLDB) and computer- aided opticaldesign (CAOD) sy...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819406554
This paper presents a new idea for the optimization of an initial lens structure type from an optical lens database on the basis of introducing optical lens database (OLDB) and computer- aided opticaldesign (CAOD) systems. Using image-quality target parameters as conditional search parameters of optimization of initial lens structure type from database, and evaluating selected lens quality with surface relative aperture (h/r), the authors were able to obtain a good effectiveness in practice.
Recent advances in the manufacturing of large (up to 62 mm diameter) glass blanks with axial index gradients of up to 0.20 enable significant performance gains in opticaldesigns. The new axial gradient material has a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819422517
Recent advances in the manufacturing of large (up to 62 mm diameter) glass blanks with axial index gradients of up to 0.20 enable significant performance gains in opticaldesigns. The new axial gradient material has an index and dispersion similar to SF (short flint) glasses, except the index varies continuously through the axis of the blank. The axial gradient material and numerous design examples using the new material will be presented.
In this paper, we present a new fisheye projection lens for 8 perforation 70 mm format film. The lens has an aperture of F/2.4 and a total field of view of 163 degree(s). We discuss design considerations, and compare ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)081941249X
In this paper, we present a new fisheye projection lens for 8 perforation 70 mm format film. The lens has an aperture of F/2.4 and a total field of view of 163 degree(s). We discuss design considerations, and compare predicted with measured performance data.
The interesting experiments for investigation of image formation in optical microscopes have been done by E. Abbe, A. Porter and L. Mandelshtam. These experiments have become the classical ones and they are widely use...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510612082;9781510612075
The interesting experiments for investigation of image formation in optical microscopes have been done by E. Abbe, A. Porter and L. Mandelshtam. These experiments have become the classical ones and they are widely used for explanation of Fourier optics. The principal disadvantage of them is difference in optical schemes for observation of object images and their spatial spectrums. The proposed optical setup makes possible demonstration of two stages of image formation - obtaining a spatial spectrum and composing a magnified object image - together in one plane. This setup contains two imaging channels separated by a beam splitter after a microscope objective. The first one forms a magnified object image, the second one - an image of a spatial spectrum. These images may be observed on a screen, via eyepieces or using image sensors. Any occluding of spectrum zones becomes visible and it leads to the corresponded changes in an object image. This optical setup would be useful for optical education and research.
The control of the railway track relative to the fixed system of reference is a necessary condition to ensure the safety of railway traffic. This paper describes the optical-electronic system of railway track control ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819492036
The control of the railway track relative to the fixed system of reference is a necessary condition to ensure the safety of railway traffic. This paper describes the optical-electronic system of railway track control relative to the fixed system of reference. The system consists of two cameras and special marks. The system is installed on the leveling machine and performs measurements during its motion. System marks are installed on the contact-line supports. This paper presents the test results. The system determines the distance to the mark with an accuracy of 1.5 mm in the range of 1.5-7 mm and the vertical bias with an accuracy of 1.5 mm in the range of 200 mm. This paper describes the algorithms of the system, and special attention is paid to sources of error in such systems.
The author proposes a new noise power-spectrum estimation method for mark-dimension fluctuation in optical disks. Diffraction by marks was modeled using Fraunhofer diffraction theory, and mark-dimension fluctuations w...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819406554
The author proposes a new noise power-spectrum estimation method for mark-dimension fluctuation in optical disks. Diffraction by marks was modeled using Fraunhofer diffraction theory, and mark-dimension fluctuations were taken into account through statistical averaging. The calculated and experimental results agreed well. Fluctuations in the mark edge position mainly contributed to noise.
An optical minimum configuration of a laser interferometer for noncooperative scattering objects is investigated. An optimization of the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of the homodyne receiver is achieved by beam design....
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ISBN:
(纸本)081941249X
An optical minimum configuration of a laser interferometer for noncooperative scattering objects is investigated. An optimization of the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of the homodyne receiver is achieved by beam design. Scattering measurement object surfaces generate a speckle pattern on the detector surface which influences the SNR. Within the whole operating range of the optics, the transmitted light spot on the surface under investigation should therefore be small. The receiving optics should image the light spot onto the detector surface. The detection of a noncooperative object in a distance of 26 m is proven experimentally.
Freeform optical surfaces are defined as any non-rotationally symmetric surface or a symmetric surface that is rotated about any axis that is not its axis of symmetry. These surfaces offer added degrees of freedom tha...
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Freeform optical surfaces are defined as any non-rotationally symmetric surface or a symmetric surface that is rotated about any axis that is not its axis of symmetry. These surfaces offer added degrees of freedom that can lead to lower wavefront error and smaller system size as compared to rotationally symmetric surfaces. Unfortunately, freeform optics are viewed by many designers as more difficult and expensive to manufacture than rotationally symmetric optical surfaces. For some freeform surfaces this is true, but a designer has little or no feedback to quantify the degree of difficulty for manufacturing a surface. This paper describes a joint effort by optical Research Associates (ORA) and the Precision engineering Center (PEC) at North Carolina State University to integrate metrics related to the cost and difficulty of manufacturing a surface into the merit function that is used during the design of an optical system using Code v®. By incorporating such information into the merit function, it is possible to balance optical performance and manufacturability early in the design process.
In the article some methods for processing the information contained in a database are offered with the purpose of extraction of the knowledge, the experience and the intuition of the designers, coded in the database....
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ISBN:
(数字)9781510602861
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510602854;9781510602861
In the article some methods for processing the information contained in a database are offered with the purpose of extraction of the knowledge, the experience and the intuition of the designers, coded in the database. It gives much attention to the methods for determinating limit potential image quality of optical systems of various complexities.
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