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design of a high-sensitivity extended mid-wave infrared InAsSb-based nBn photodetector by utilizing barrier band engineering technique: an outstanding device for biosensing applications

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optical AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS 2023年第10期55卷 848-848页

作者： Shaveisi, Maryam Aliparast, Peiman Minist Sci Res & Technol Aerosp Res Inst Tehran Iran

In the InAsSb-based barrier infrared photodetector, the unwanted valence band offset penalizes minority carrier transport in these devices, increasing dark current density. We report a new back-side illuminated InAsSb-based nBn photodetector using an InAsSb (x(Sb) = 0.19) absorber layer and InAlSb/AlAsSb core/shell compound barrier with a 50% cut-off wavelength of more than 5 & mu;m at room temperature for the first time. The barrier band engineering is performed by employing the core/shell heterostructure compound barrier can reduce the valence band offset and bring it to near zero. For this reason, in the proposed device, by suppressing the dark current components, especially the Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) mechanism, the dark current density is significantly reduced, and the optical response of the device is also dramatically increased. At 300 K, the dark current density of this photodetector reaches 8.124 x 10(-5) A/cm(2) at - 0.5 v. Furthermore, we evaluate the optical sensitivity of the device for responding to the detection of Hela cancer cells at the wavelengths of 3.6 & mu;m, 4.1 & mu;m, and 5 & mu;m, which are the essential wavelengths for the diagnosis of these cancer cells. Based on the simulation results, the spectral response peak occurs at a wavelength of 5 & mu;m. The figure of merits, such as current responsivity (R-& lambda;), external quantum efficiency (EQE), specific detectivity (D*), noise equivalent power (NEP), and linear optical dynamic range (LODR), are 2.29 A/W, 57%, 3.386 x 10(10) cmHz(1/2)/W, 8.858 x 10(-13) W/Hz(1/2), and 73.76 dB, respectively at 5 & mu;m under - 0.5 v bias. In fact, the simulation results confirm that the proposed photodetector can be a device with high potential for modern infrared systems.

关键词： III-v compound semiconductor Barrier photodetector Mid-wave infrared Biosensing

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Wind nanofabrication in photovoltaic storage based energy optimization optical techniques

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optical and Quantum Electronics 2023年第12期55卷 1-15页

作者： Wang, Xingxing Zhang, Yongmi Li, Yanhong Lu, Maomao Liu, Junhong He, Qiang Zhaxi, Dongzhu Ye, Jun China Huadian Engineering Co. Ltd. Beijing China Huadian Inner Mongolia Energy Co. Ltd. Inner Mongolia China

The use of clean energy sources like solar and wind has the potential to significantly reduce dependency on fossil fuels. Due to the promotion of renewable energy sources and the movement towards a low-carbon society, the practical usage of photovoltaic (Pv) systems in conjunction with battery energy storage systems (BESS) has increased significantly in recent years. Based on the nanofabrication reported in this article, the major goal is to use the available wind and solar resources to produce power. Additionally, differences in optical power and received electrical power are replicated by variations in fibre length at a specified modulation frequency of 300 GHz. Max. Using HOMER software, a 6 kWp solar-wind hybrid system put on the roof of a school is investigated and optimised at various degrees of dependability. Investigations are made on the techno-economic characteristics of real and ideal hybrid system topologies with maximum capacity shortfalls of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%. The impact of a capacity deficit on overall net present costs and surplus power generation is examined via a hybrid system's sensitivity analysis. It is demonstrated that a 2 kWp Pv system with one string of ten 12 v batteries is more economical than the current system, which has a COE of $0.575/kWh. The most effective design for utilising the site's solar and wind resources is demonstrated to be a 5 kWp wind turbine, a 2 kWp Pv system, and battery storage. The results demonstrate that hybrid solar-wind energy systems may effectively utilise renewable energy sources for distributed applications. New directions for research are also mentioned. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： HOMER optical power networks Power generation Solar-wind hybrid energy Wind photovoltaic-storage

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Simulation Study of Photon-to-Digital Converter (PDC) Timing Specifications for LoLX Experiment

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE 2025年第5期72卷 1680-1685页

作者： viet, Nguyen v. H. Masri, Alaa Al Nomachi, Masaharu Tetrault, Marc-Andre Kharusi, Soud Al Brunner, Thomas Chambers, Christopher Chana, Bindiya Croix, Austin de St. Egan, Eamon Francesconi, Marco Gallacher, David Galli, Luca Giampa, Pietro Goeldi, Damian Lefebvre, Jessee Malbrunot, Chloe Margetak, Peter Martin, Juliette Mcelroy, Thomas Patel, Mayur Rebeiro, Bernadette Retiere, Fabrice Rtimi, El Mehdi Rudolph, Lisa viel, Simon Xie, Liang Osaka Univ Res Ctr Nucl Phys RCNP Osaka 5670047 Japan Univ Sherbrooke Dept Elect & Comp Engn Sherbrooke PQ J1K 2R1 Canada McGill Univ Phys Dept Montreal PQ H3A 2T8 Canada Carleton Univ Dept Phys Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada TRIUMF Vancouver BC V6T 2A3 Canada INFN I-56127 Pisa Italy SNOLAB Lively ON P3Y 1N2 Canada Grand Accelerateur Natl Ions Lourds GANIL CEA DRF CNRS IN2P3 F-14076 Caen France

The Light-only Liquid Xenon (LoLX) experiment is a prototype detector aimed at studying liquid xenon (LXe) light properties and various photodetection technologies. LoLX is also aimed to quantify LXe's time resolution as a potential scintillator for 10-ps time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET). Another key goal of LoLX is to perform a time-based separation of Cerenkov and scintillation photons for new background rejection methods in LXe experiments. To achieve this separation, LoLX is set to be equipped with photon-to-digital converters (PDCs), a photosensor type that can provide a timestamp for each observed photon. To guide the PDC design, we explore the requirements and potential outcomes for time-based Cerenkov separation. We use a PDC simulator, whose input is the light information from the Geant4-based LoLX simulation model, and evaluate the separation quality against time-to-digital converter (TDC) parameters of the PDCs. Compared with the current filter-based approach, the simulations predict a few different configurations that offer a Cerenkov separation level increase from 50% to 66% when using PDCs and time-based separation. A separation of 65% is also achievable with just 16 TDCs for 14 400 micro-cells per PDC, or one TDC per 2.25 mm(2). These simulation results will lead to a specification guide for the upcoming PDC design as well as expected results to compare against future PDC-based experimental measurements. In the longer term, the overall LoLX results will assist large LXe-based experiments and motivate the assembly of an LXe-based TOF-PET demonstrator system.

关键词： Photonics Filters Timing Single-photon avalanche diodes Detectors Xenon Physics Liquids Jitter optical filters Cerenkov radiation liquid xenon (LXe) photon-to-digital converter (PDC) silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) time-to-digital converter (TDC)

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Cool System, Lasting Power - An Outstanding E-Powertrain Meets MX Dirt Track

Cool System, Lasting Power - An Outstanding E-Powertrain Mee...

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2024 SAE World Congress Experience, WCX 2024

作者： Arnold, Thomas Krause, Matthias Böhme, Jan Leesch, Mirko Palazzolo, David Gentgen, Holger IAV GmbH Germany IAV Automotive Engineering Inc.

The powertrain electrification is currently not only taking place in public road mobility vehicles, but is also making its way to the racetrack, where it's driving innovation for developments that will later be used in series production vehicles. The current development focus for electric vehicles is the balance between driving power, range and weight, which is given even greater weighting in racing. To redefine the current limits, IAv developed a complete e-powertrain for a racing MX motorcycle and integrated it into a real drivable demonstrator bike. The unique selling point is the innovative direct phase-change cooling (PCC) of the three-phase e-motor and its power electronics, which enables significantly increased continuous power (Pe = 40 kW from 7,000 rpm to 9,000 rpm) without thermal power reduction. The drive unit is powered by a replaceable Lithium-Ion round cell battery (Ubat,max = 370v) with an energy storage capacity of Ebat = 5 kWh. The battery system is completely integrated into series chassis and equipped with immersion cooling including cell temperature monitoring. The power transmission to the wheel realized by a single speed transmission and hydraulically actuated multi-plate wet clutch. The driving range under racing conditions (driving time) on a dirt track circuit is min. tTrack = 35 min. By means of an exchange battery pack a quick change of the battery is realized and so more than one race stint at racing weekend could be managed. The total weight of the motorcycle is located at the 450cc four-stroke class (mbike ~113 kg), whereby the handling is implemented with a state-of-the-art chassis and suspension analogous to the classic fuel MX motorcycle. In addition, the drivability by means of adjustments to the e-motor characteristics (power and power output), recuperation, etc. is largely freely adaptable. Within this paper, the design, construction & integration, and thermal management of the new drivetrain for an MX motorcycle will be presente

关键词： Battery Pack

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GOING BEYOND ASME B31.12: A TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY CASE STUDY FOR THE CONvERSION OF A 16" X 20 KM ONSHORE GAS PIPELINE TO HYDROGEN STORAGE 15

GOING BEYOND ASME B31.12: A TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY CASE STUDY...

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2024 15th International Pipeline Conference, IPC 2024

作者： Sandana, Daniel Hopkin, Sarah Martin, Tom Gallon, Neil Doyle, Jonathon Guijt, Wim Timmerman, Robert Baby, Benjose ROSEN Group Newcastle United Kingdom Shell Global Solutions International B.V Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888582

The conversion of existing assets to hydrogen needs to be managed with due diligence. current industry codes such as ASME B31.12 have remained relatively immature in their approach to repurposing and do not yet reflect the rapidly evolving research developments in this areas, for example accounting for the presence of historic defects and damages. This paper proposes a method for pragmatic and safe pipeline repurposing that presents the project with an early screening of major barriers that may potentially compromise repurposing. In line with current industry knowledge, this approach includes the removal of conservatisms associated with some of the design equations given in existing codes i.e. ASME B31.12. The case study provided to illustrate this process is a 20 km 16"pipeline proposed for conversion to hydrogen storage. The overall objective was to define a safe operating envelope within which the capacity of all segments of the vintage pipeline can be maximized. The input data, assumptions made where data was unavailable or incomplete, engineering critical assessment methods and defect compliance criteria, and results are provided. The operating envelope is tested against potential H2 operating cases, and a test and inspection plan proposed to confirm the assumptions made as future work. Conservative decisions in light of open industry gaps are highlighted where applicable. The study provides a clear, documented demonstration of feasibility for hydrogen storage within a specified operating envelope of restricted pressure and pressure cycling before further committing to subsequent repurposing strategy phases. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Hydrogen storage

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Regioisomeric Polymer Semiconductors Based on Cyano-Functionalized Dialkoxybithiophenes:Structure-Property Relationship and Photovoltaic Performance

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2022年第5期28卷 385-397页

作者： Qingqing Bai Jun Huang Han Guo Suxiang Ma Jie Yang Bin Liu Kun Yang Huiliang Sun Han Young Woo Li Niu Xugang Guo Center for Advanced Analytical Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangdong 510640China Department of Chemistry Korea UniversitySeoul 136-713South Korea

Cyano substitution is vital to the molecular design of polymer semiconductors toward highly efficient organic solar ***,how regioselectivity impacts relevant optoelectronic properties in cyano-substituted bithiophene systems remain poorly *** regioisomeric cyano-functionalized dialkoxybithiophenes BT_(HH),BT_(HT),and BT_(TT) with headto-head,head-to-tail,and tail-to-tail linkage,respectively,were synthesized and characterized in this *** resulting polymer semiconductors(PBDTBTs)based on these building blocks were prepared *** regiochemistry and property relationships of PBDTBTs were investigated in *** BTHH moiety has a higher torsional barrier than the analogs BT_(HT) and BT_(TT),and the regiochemistry of dialkoxybithiophenes leads to fine modulation in the optoelectronic properties of these polymers,such as optical absorption,band gap,and energy levels of frontier molecular *** field-effect transistors based on PBDTBT_(HH) had higher hole mobility(4.4×10^(-3) cm^(2)/(v·s))than those(ca.10^(-4) cm^(2)/(v·s))of the other two polymer *** different short-circuit current densities and fill factors were obtained in polymer solar cells using PBDTBTs as the electron *** difference was probed in greater detail by performing space-charge-limited current mobility,thin-film morphology,and transient photocurrent/photovoltage *** findings highlight that the BTHH unit is a promising building block for the construction of polymer donors for highperformance organic photovoltaic cells.

关键词： Cyano substitution Regioselectivity Organic photovoltaic cells Polymer semiconductors Mobility

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Notes on environmental forecasting in the current conditions 28

Notes on environmental forecasting in the current conditions

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28th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics

作者： Penenko, vladimir v. Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics SB RAS Novosibirsk630090 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781510657540

In these notes, we discuss issues of complexity, sensitivity, and uncertainty in integrated environmental models and in modeling system frameworks. First, we will focus on the current state of environmental forecasting and design tools, on those products that are currently used to predict the quality of the natural environment and make estimates of its variability. We will briefly present the developed concept of environmental forecasting and design;mention the main provisions of mathematical modeling methods in the field of environmental protection that we are developing. In the end, we will outline a number of primary tasks that need to be addressed in current conditions. © 2022 SPIE.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Zinc anode-based electrochromic devices for dynamic light modulation 14

Zinc anode-based electrochromic devices for dynamic light mo...

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Oxide-based Materials and Devices XIv 2023

作者： Zhang, Wu Li, Haizeng Elezzabi, Abdulhakem Y. Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2V4 Canada Optics and Thermal Radiation Research Center Institute of Frontier & Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao266237 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510659490

As an emerging energy conversion technology, electrochromism has attracted immense interest due to its various applications including variable optical filters, bistable displays and energy-efficient smart windows. Although the current electrochromic devices do not consume energy while maintaining their colored or colorless states, their bistable operation requires external electrical energy to be consumed during switching. As such, a novel design of Zn anode-based electrochromic devices was recently developed as a key strategy to partially retrieve the consumed electrical energy. Compared to conventional electrochromic devices, Zn anode-based electrochromic devices exhibit a rapid spontaneous switching behavior due to the high value of redox potential difference between a metal anode and an electrochromic cathode, thus providing the most energy-efficient consumption during operation. Moreover, Zn-based electrochromic devices enable independent operation of top and bottom electrochromic electrodes, thus providing additional configuration flexibility of the devices through the utilization of dual electrochromic layers under the same or different color states. As such, the color overlay effect can greatly broaden the color palettes via altering the coordinate of the 2D CIE color space. These key issues of Zn anode-based electrochromic devices make them very promising for the future development of electrochromic devices. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Redox reactions

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Project transition to the digital Middle Ages via COvID-19 pattern

Project transition to the digital Middle Ages via COVID-19 p...

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2023 International Conference on Digital Transformation: Informatics, Economics, and Education, DTIEE 2023

作者： Pitelinskiy, Kirill v. Boyar-Sozonovitch, Andrey S. Sigida, Maksim P. Makovey, Sergey O. Moscow Polytechnic University 38 Bolshaya Semenovskaya Moscow107023 Russia 4 Volokolamskoe Highway Moscow125993 Russia State Budgetary Educational Iinstitution School 2117 8 40 let Oktyabrya Moscow108851 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781510664845

The analysis of current trends in the implementation of effective socio-economic solutions and their development under the influence of COvID-19 is made. The prospects of using innovative and telecommunication technologies, robotics, big data processing methods and knowledge management methods in the formation and management of global economic clusters were noted. The clustering of delivery robots under pandemic conditions by methods of machine learning was carried out. The peculiarities of COvID-19 assessment as the main formative factor influencing socio-economic decision-making on a global scale are disclosed. The necessity and possible consequences of adopting and implementing new decisions designed to minimize the negative effects of COvID-19 on Russian and global economies are discussed. It is noted that the design and development of innovations in the system of management and transfer of knowledge is an indispensable condition for the successful development of future socio-economic relations. On the basis of the obtained results conclusions are made about the background of the applied solutions, about the vector of their direction and makes it clear what should be paid special attention to when assessing the current situation in society and determine which solutions are most effective and how the social order should be transformed to successfully withstand the new challenges. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： COvID-19

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design of BTO-Based Compact Electro-Optic Modulator

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International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 2024年第2-3期33卷

作者： He, Chengxing Shen, Mohan Tang, Hong X. Department of Electrical Engineering Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

We present a compact electro-optic (EO) modulator design exploiting the strong Pockels effect of Barium Titanate (BaTiO3 or BTO). This proposed structure, using parallel-plate electrodes tightly sandwiching the EO media, could achieve vπL value as low as 35 v·µm, a significant reduction from current photonic-integrated Pockels EO modulators with vπL value around 1 v·cm. Compared to plasmonic EO modulators, this proposed structure offers much lower optical loss. The small footprint and low-loss properties of this modulator design allow for its future embodiment in photonic-integrated CMOS circuits. © World Scientific Publishing Company.

关键词： Barium titanate

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