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Simulation of Chemical Order-Disorder Transitions Induced Thermally at the Nanoscale for Magnetic Recording and Data Storage (vol 3, pg 7668, 2020)

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ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2020年第12期3卷 12433-12433页

作者： Polushkin, Nikolay I. Moller, Thomas B. Bunyaev, Sergey A. Bondarenko, Artem v. He, Miao Shugaev, Maxim v. Boneberg, Johannes Kakazei, Gleb N. Institute for Physics of Microstructures Russian Academy of Sciences 603807 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation Department of Physics University of Konstanz 78457 Konstanz Germany Institute of Physics for Advanced Materials Nanotechnology and Photonics (IFIMUP)/Departamento de Física e Astronomia Universidade do Porto 4169-007 Porto Portugal Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Virginia 395 McCormik Road Charlottesville Virginia 22904-4745 United States

In memory nanodevices based on phase changes induced thermally, the process of information recording is a reversible transition between the structurally ordered (crystalline) and disordered (amorphous) phases that can provide a difference in the physical properties of these two states, for example, in optical reflectivity, electrical resistivity, or magnetic permeability. It is of particular interest to explore whether the chemical disorder is erasable, rewritable, and scalable in solid alloys upon their exposure to short heating pulses. Here, we model this process by assuming second-order phase transitions between chemically ordered and disordered states in the atomic lattice. Our simulations reveal that nanosecond laser irradiation concentrated within a nanoscale spot on the sample surface is able to induce reversible chemical-order (B2)-disorder (A2) transformations (CODTs) in intermetallic Fe-rich FexAl1–xalloys that exhibit the disorder-induced ferromagnetism. A realization of this concept would provide an alternative approach to current technologies for magnetic recording and data storage, in which the written bits are represented by regions with not a different polarity but with a different magnitude of magnetization. We envision that the proposed approach can be realized with tools used currently for heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR), for example, with a near-field transducer (NFT). A specific design for CODT-based magnetic recording media is proposed.

关键词： Alloys Lattices Magnetic properties Defects in solids Lasers

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Analysis of linkage type sea wave power plant design through motion study and 3D printed modelling

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期926卷

作者： R P Prayitnoadi B S Wibowo A Pamungkas A Islamiyah M Lestari R Putri R F Ridwan F Rosa Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty University of Bangka Belitung Bangka 33172 Indonesia. Marine Science Department Agriculture Fisheries and Biology Faculty University of Bangka Belitung Bangka 33172 Indonesia.

Sustainable energy generation is becoming increasingly important because of the expected limitations in current energy resources and for reducing pollution. Wave energy generation has seen significant developments in recent years. This research has produced a linkage-type PLTGL design that utilizes ocean waves to raise and lower the float lever and move the linkage mechanism which then causes a back and forth movement of the rack gear which will rotate the pinion and cause the dynamo drive shaft to rotate. Using ocean wave data in the waters of Tanjung Berikat, Bangka Tengah, and with the help of the SolidWorks application, this design is then simulated to determine the resulting movement and rotation. The rotation generated through the simulation can reach 532 Rpm with the assumption that it does not involve friction forces and material loads that exist in the PLTGL design. This design was made in 3D using the CR-10 v3 type 3D printing machine which produced a model with a scale of 25% of the original design. The model is used as a discussion material for designers to improve the design.

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Figures of merit of avalanche-mode silicon LEDs 5

Figures of merit of avalanche-mode silicon LEDs

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5th South African Conference on Sensors, MEMS, and Electro-Optic Systems (SMEOS)

作者： Hueting, R. J. E. Dutta, S. Agarwal, v. Annema, A. J. Univ Twente MESA Inst Nanotechnol Enschede Netherlands LioniX Int Enschede Netherlands ItoM Enschede Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781510627536

The silicon avalanche-mode light-emitting diode (AMLED) opens a route for on-chip opto-electronic applications in standard CMOS, both due to its relatively broad spectral overlap with the spectral responsivity of silicon photodiodes and due to its high speed capability. This work presents closed form models for the key figures of merit (FOMs) of AMLEDs, namely, current (or power) density, cut-off frequency, radiative efficiency, and specifically for optical data communication energy cost per photon. Their derivations are based on one-dimensional analyses of an abrupt single-sided (p(+)n or n(+)p) junction and of a p-i-n diode. TCAD simulations for optimized device structures, including the recently reported superjunction (SJ) LED, were performed to validate the model. Measurements on single-sided abrupt junctions and SJ diodes are shown to validate some of the modelled trends. The results show that a p-i-n or an SJ diode is favorable to a conventional single-sided junction diode for the AMLED design. In addition, as confirmed for conventional AMLEDs by earlier reports, the results indicate that for a yet higher efficiency the carrier supply should be increased. For this a combination of a separate minority carrier injector and SJLED is proposed, referred to as the injection-avalanche CMOS SJLED. However, more experimental optical data (e.g., absolute photon flux) are needed for a more accurate model validation.

关键词： avalanche CMOS figures of merit light-emitting diode p-i-n diode silicon superjunction

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Time-dependent modelling of short-term variability in the Tev-blazar vER J0521+211 during the major flare in 2020

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Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年 694卷

作者： MAGIC Collaboration Abe, S. Abhir, J. Abhishek, A. Acciari, v.A. Aguasca-Cabot, A. Agudo, I. Aniello, T. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Arbet Engels, A. Arcaro, C. Artero, M. Asano, K. Baack, D. Babić, A. Barres De Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batković, I. Bautista, A. Baxter, J. Becerra González, J. Bednarek, W. Bernardini, E. Bernete, J. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Bronzini, E. Burelli, I. Campoy-Ordaz, A. Carosi, A. Carosi, R. Carretero-Castrillo, M. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Cerasole, D. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Cifuentes, A. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D'Amico, G. D'Elia, v. Da vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. De Menezes, R. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Delgado Mendez, C. Di Pierro, F. Di Tria, R. Di venere, L. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Eisenberger, L. Elsaesser, D. Escudero, J. Fariña, L. Fattorini, A. Foffano, L. Font, L. Fröse, S. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. García López, R.J. Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Giesbrecht Paiva, J.G. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Gradetzke, T. Grau, R. Green, D. Green, J.G. Günther, P. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Heckmann, L. Herrera Llorente, J. Hrupec, D. Imazawa, R. Ishio, K. Jiménez Martínez, I. Jormanainen, J. Kankkunen, S. Kayanoki, T. Kerszberg, D. Kluge, G.W. Kobayashi, Y. Kouch, P.M. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Láinez, M. Lamastra, A. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Lorini, A. Lyard, E. Machado De Oliveira Fraga, B. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Maneva, G. Manganaro, M. ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Università di Siena and INFN Pisa SienaI-53100 Italy BarcelonaE-08193 Spain Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain RomeI-00136 Italy Università di Udine and INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik GarchingD-85748 Germany Università di Padova and INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Zagreb10000 Croatia Rio de Janeiro22290-180 URCA Brazil IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna La LagunaE-38200 Spain University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain Departament de Física CERES-IEEC Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Università di Pisa and INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Bari Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Torino Università degli Studi di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Rijeka Faculty of Physics Rijeka51000 Croatia Universität Würzburg WürzburgD-97074 Germany Japanese MAGIC Group: Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Armenian MAGIC Group: ICRANet-Armenia Yerevan0019 Armenia Croatian MAGIC Group: Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Department of Physics Osijek31000 Croatia Finnish MAGIC Group: Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO Department of Physics and Astronomy U

Self-repairing graphite protective layer has been discovered as a suitable protective layer in blast furnace (BF) hearth in recent years. In the current study, actual samples of self-repairing graphite protective layer taken from a commercial BF were analyzed in detail. The results revealed that the hot face of graphite protective layer exhibits a distinct white graphite luster, with large areas of graphite adhering to the surface. Along the direction of its formation, the sample displays a striped pattern with alternating layers. The graphite is strip-shaped, it is relatively coarse and unevenly distributed. The coarse graphite runs in the same direction, unlike graphite in molten iron which has no fixed direction in a chaotic state. The formation process of selfrepairing graphite protective layer can be concluded, graphite precipitates at the interface through heterogeneous nucleation. Crystal nuclei often preferentially adhere to the surface of these impurities to form, owing to the fact that the nucleation energy of heterogeneous nucleation is lower than that of homogeneous nucleation. Titanium is discovered during the observation of microscopic morphology of graphite protective layer, graphite protective layer is more robust due to the strengthening effect of titanium. Titanium strengthening mechanism of self-repairing graphite protective layer is summarized, the strengthening mechanism can be divided into four steps. TiC particles are dispersed around graphite, which reduces the difficulty of the orientation of flake graphite growth. The presence of TiC increases the growth rate of crystals. The four steps are cyclically performed, so the self-repairing graphite protective layer can precipitate layer by layer through titanium strengthening mechanism, which serves to protect the carbon brick in BF hearth. © EDP Sciences, 2025.

关键词： Blast furnaces

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Optic design and manufacturing issues of a high numerical broad band IR solid immersion microscope objective 19

Optic design and manufacturing issues of a high numerical br...

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19th Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering

作者： Sure, Thomas Sabbineni, Prasad Ramsay, Euan Univ Appl Sci Mittelhessen Giessen Germany Thermo Fisher Sci 3400 West Warren Ave Fremont CA USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510620629

ISBN: (纸本)9781510620629

Over the last two decades solid immersion objectives have been developed for various applications, offering the opportunity to achieve a higher resolution than is possible for conventional air objective lenses. For semiconductor applications hemispherical solid immersion lenses (SILs), incorporating tips fabricated in semiconductor materials with a high refractive index (up to n = 3:5 for silicon, for example) are commonly used. With such high refractive index materials it is possible to design an objective with a numerical aperture of NA = 3:2. An apochromatic color correction is mandatory if a broad spectral range from lambda = 1200 nm to lambda = 2000 nm is required. It is well known that glasses with anomalous partial dispersion must be used to realize apochromatic color correction. It will be shown that the anomalous partial dispersions of some glasses in the IR range differ from the known behavior in the visible region. Therefore, glass selection plays a significant role for the design of a high NA broadband IR objective and will be discussed. Monte Carlo tolerance analysis shows that even with state of the art manufacturing capabilities the tolerance induced aberrations of an objective with NA = 3:2 will lead to a dramatic loss of image performance, indicated by a significant drop in the Strehl-ratio. This becomes even worse when the interface of the exchangeable hemispherical SIL tip with the main objective is considered. With the aim to manufacture such objectives within a stable production process it makes no sense to overload the requirements regarding the NA. Therefore, due to manufacturing issues the numerical aperture of this objective has been restricted to NA = 2:9. Wave front measurements of the manufactured objectives shows Strehl-ratios of SR > 97 % which guarantees a diffraction limited resolution.

关键词： Solid immersion lens Optic design High NA optics IR optics Glass selection Manufacturing tolerances

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design Model to Improve Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Design Model to Improve Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing B...

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IEEE NW Russia Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic engineering Conference (EIConRusNW)

作者： Almothana Khodar Liudmila v. Chernenkaya Iyad Alkhayat Hazim Abdulameer Fadhil Al-Afare Elena N. Desyatirikova Dept. of Computer Science Voronezh State University Voronezh Russia Highest School of Cyberphysic Control Systems Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University St. Petersburg Russia Dept. of Information Systems and Networks Damascus University Damascus Syria Dept. of Computer Systems Middle Technical University Baghdad Iraq Dept. of Control Systems and IT Voronezh State Technical University Voronezh Russia

ISBN: (数字)9781728157610

ISBN: (纸本)9781728157627

Cloud computing is one of the most modern innovations that are growing rapidly in all technical fields because of its advantages in securing multiple resources and high speed in performance. It provides users connected via the Internet with a variety of storage and computing supplies. Cloud computing is both a catalyst and an enabler for major technological developments such as mobile computing, big data, and machine learning. With all these features, task scheduling has become one of the most difficult challenges facing the cloud, It plays a key role in the effectiveness of all cloud computing tools. Scheduling tasks means allocating tasks to the suitable virtual machine so that the course of computation can be executed to satisfy QoS constraints defined by users such as time to finish and expense. Most current optimization algorithms focus on only one aspect. In this paper, Depending on the characteristics of the swarm algorithm we will develop a model to solve the dilemma of task scheduling as well in order to get the fastest time to transfer tasks and the fastest time for execution with the lowest possible expense. In addition to that, we will develop a multi-purpose algorithm based on the PSO method to provide an optimal solution for the proposed model. The experimental consequences of this paper demonstrate that the proposed manner is more efficacious in expediting tasks and reducing expenses.

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design and Implementation of Hybrid Micro-Grid in MATLAB for Fault current Analysis in Different Modes of Micro-Grid Operations

Design and Implementation of Hybrid Micro-Grid in MATLAB for...

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International Conference on Recent developments in Control, Automation and Power engineering (RDCAPE)

作者： Gurpreet Kaur Anupama Prakash Associate K.Uma Rao Amity University Noida UP R.V College of Engg. Bangalore

A good protection system is a backbone of any grid. With the injection of distributed generators in the grid, the traditional protection system consisting of overcurrent relay is not sufficient to protect the system. It is therefore very important to understand the level of fault currents in the micro grids when they are connected to the grid and when they operate independently in the islanded mode. In this paper a micro grid consisting of different distributed generators such as wind turbine, solar panel, the fuel cell along with DC to DC converter and a 3-φ inverter feeding a 3-φ AC load is simulated in MATLAB. The simulated microgrid has been subjected to various faults in both grid connected and islanded mode and fault current levels are discussed in detail. The analysis done in this work is helpful in designing an effective and reliable protection scheme for the hybrid microgrid when operated in islanded and grid connected modes.

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design of a 2 x 4 Hybrid MMI-MZI Configuration with MMI Phase-Shifters

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MATERIALS 2019年第9期12卷 1555-1555页

作者： Niraula, Boris B. Rizal, Conrad SeedNanoTech & Consulting Brampton ON L6Y 3J6 Canada Univ British Columbia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada GEM Syst Inc Nanophoton Lab Markham ON Canada

This paper reports design of a 2 x 4 hybrid multimode interferometer-Mach-zehnder interferometer (MMI-MZI) configuration consiting of compact thermo-optical switches on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The device consists of two identical MMI slab waveguides as power splitters and couplers that are connected with two identical MMI-based phase shifters, and linear tapers at both ends of the MMIs to minimize the power coupling loss. A thin Al pad is used as a heating element and a trench is created around this pad to prevent heat from spreading, and to minimize loss. The calculated average thermo-optical switching power consumption, excess loss, and power imbalance are 1.4 mW, 0.9 dB, and 0.1 dB, respectively. The overall footprint of the device is 6 x 304 m2. The new heating method has advantages of compact size, ease of fabrication on SOI platform with the current CMOS technology, and offers low excess loss and power consumption as demanded by devices based on SOI technology. The device can act as two independent optical switches in one device.

关键词： multimode interferometer MMI MZI thermo-optical switch SOI technology

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for optical engineering

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical ...

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19th Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering 2018

ISBN: (纸本)9781510620612

The proceedings contain 33 papers. The topics discussed include: correction of wavefront aberrations in focal and afocal TMAs;a thermal glass for infrared optics;caustic surfaces produced by a plane wavefront refracted through cemented doublet lenses;holographic progressive lenses;using effective medium theories to design tailored nanocomposite materials for optical systems;toward semantic loop closure in simultaneous localization and mapping systems;optic design and manufacturing issues of a high numerical broad band IR solid immersion microscope objective;optical design and predicted performance of the WFIRST phase-B imaging optics assembly and wide field instrument;and novel designs for minimizing diffraction effects of large segmented mirror telescopes.

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design and analysis of solar powered laser system for power generation in satellites 70

Design and analysis of solar powered laser system for power ...

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70th International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2019

作者： Mazumdar, Pratyay Dhavamani, vigneshwar Nagendla, Sai Sumanth Patil, Kaveri Soundarya, S. R V College of Engineering Bengaluru India

For successful performance of the spacecraft, it should be provided with enough power till the end-of-life (EOL). Solar energy has been the major source of energy since the advent of satellites. Sunlight consists of a wide range of electromagnetic waves but not all this range is converted into usable electric power. Numerous technologies have been developed to generate power with higher efficiencies and to reduce the satellite power sizing. One such advancement is the usage of laser light as the main power source which is being converted from sunlight. This paper deals with the concept of amplification of power generated by application of lasers. Some crystals have the potential to convert sunlight which is poly chromatic and non-coherent into highly energetic monochromatic and coherent electromagnetic waves. The proposed system is the use of Fresnel lenses to concentrate the sunlight on the active medium of crystalline ceramic Nd-YAG (neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet) laser, resulting in optical pumping, which increases the stimulated emission and generate laser light. This light would then be fed onto a solar panel to generate higher power enabling the conversion of greater fraction of solar energy into electrical energy which can be used by different subsystems, providing a considerable increase in the maximum power produced by current-day solar panels. Copyright © 2019 by the International Astronautical Federation (IAF). All rights reserved.

关键词： Solar energy

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