Bridging the gap between JWST and ALMA, the far-infrared wavelength range between 30 and 300 micron, contains a wealth of spectral features enabling deep studies of galaxy evolution and planet forming systems. One of ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510675230;9781510675247
Bridging the gap between JWST and ALMA, the far-infrared wavelength range between 30 and 300 micron, contains a wealth of spectral features enabling deep studies of galaxy evolution and planet forming systems. One of the key diagnostic tools used by far-IR astronomers is spectroscopy, employing low resolution (R similar to 100) grating modules to achieve the highest possible spectroscopic sensitivity and mapping speed. The next generation of space missions in this field, as exemplified by the Origins Space Telescope (OST), and recently proposed concepts like the PRIMA, FIRSST and SALTUS, will utilize grating spectrometers combined with ultra-sensitive large-format KID detector arrays. Such grating modules will enable a variety of instrument architectures offering powerful observing capabilities including post-dispersed Fourier Transformation Spectrometer (FTS), long-slit spectroscopic mapping, and high-resolution Fabry-Perot or a virtually Imaged Phased Array (viPA) based spectroscopy, where the grating is used for order-sorting. To fully exploit the astronomical potential these instruments require compact, cryogenic and wideband grating spectrometers with a large telecentric field of view. In this paper we present the opto-mechanical design and realization of a multi-purpose Grating Module Breadboard (GMBB), which supports arbitrary one-octave bandwidth diffraction gratings in the 25-400 micron wavelength band. The purpose of realizing this GMBB is to aid experimental verification of blazed grating developments, and to verify the optical interfaces and spectral characteristics of KID detector arrays. The driving concepts, methodologies, engineering solutions and finally the realization are discussed and supported by optical verification results. A simple and modular configuration containing a collimator unit and camera bay optics allows for easy adaptation to different wavelength/dispersion combinations by exchanging the grating and/or detector array. The opto-mech
Digital engineering technologies are transforming long-stagnant development processes by applying the tremendous advancements in Information Technology (IT) to classical engineering tasks such as design, analysis, and...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181
Digital engineering technologies are transforming long-stagnant development processes by applying the tremendous advancements in Information Technology (IT) to classical engineering tasks such as design, analysis, and fabrication of space-flight instrument structures. Generative design leverages developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cloud computing to enable a paradigm shift in the design process, allowing the engineer to focus on defining the requirements and objectives of the design while AI generates optimized designs which comply with the input requirements. Digital Manufacturing allows these complex lightweight designs to be efficiently manufactured by directly fabricating from the resulting 3D models. The development of these two Digital engineering technologies realizes significant mass savings while simultaneously reducing structure development time from months to days. This paper describes the development of the Evolved Structures process applying these technologies to spaceflight optical instrument structures including an example demonstrating greater than 10x reduction in development time/cost and greater than 3x improvement in structural performance.
A file sharing site for lens designs has been started at *** . This site currently contains almost 2,000 optical models. Many engineering disciplines have built public libraries of useful, publicly-available content. ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181
A file sharing site for lens designs has been started at *** . This site currently contains almost 2,000 optical models. Many engineering disciplines have built public libraries of useful, publicly-available content. For example, GITHUB(1) has publicly-available software;GrabCAD(2), 3DcontentCentral(3), TurboSquid(4) all offer mechanical engineering content such as solids files;TI, Analog, etc. offer reference designs for electronics engineers. Generally, these services aren't just file repositories;they also offer collaboration, yielding more models, more refinement, more discussion, more community, and more to learn. Lens designers can also benefit from such design libraries. This paper explains the utility and structure of the site.
In this paper, different opticaldesigns, which are composed of different MWIR optical materials, are utilized for passive athermalization and their performance in athermalization are analyzed. The opticaldesigns are...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181
In this paper, different opticaldesigns, which are composed of different MWIR optical materials, are utilized for passive athermalization and their performance in athermalization are analyzed. The opticaldesigns are carried out by preserving the athermal property as well as keeping the image quality at higher levels within the working temperature between -40 degrees C and +60 degrees C. The passive athermalization process begins with the calculation of athermalization conditions of candidate material properties. By considering these conditions, athermal material pairs are chosen. To reduce optical aberrations, aspherical surfaces are utilized during the optimization process. At the end of the design phase, the performance of different configurations of athermal optical material pairs, which are enclosed by aluminum alloy housing material, are presented.
Dual field of view optical systems provide search, detect and observation abilities with wide and narrow field of views. These systems provide dual field of view by changing the effective focal length with moving a le...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181
Dual field of view optical systems provide search, detect and observation abilities with wide and narrow field of views. These systems provide dual field of view by changing the effective focal length with moving a lens or lens group mechanically to exact positions. In this paper, previously proposed methodology is used to change effective focal length without any mechanical movement. This methodology relies on ionization of fluid with voltage difference to change the refractive index which is patented in 2022.
Vehicle vibration reduction technology is of great significance in the modern automobile industry, as it directly affects ride comfort and driving stability. Researching and developing suspension optimization design m...
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This paper reported a method of improving endometrium blood flow. Multi focused ultrasonic probe combined with vaginal cervix probe to stimulate the acupoint, pelvic muscle and cervix. The focused ultrasound module us...
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This study presents the methods for designing an expander lens for an MWIR zoom lens through the third-order aberration analysis and evaluating the optical zoom system. This expander lens is used to enlarge the focal ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181
This study presents the methods for designing an expander lens for an MWIR zoom lens through the third-order aberration analysis and evaluating the optical zoom system. This expander lens is used to enlarge the focal lengths of an original main zoom lens two times, which unfortunately doubles the aperture size of the expander lens elements. Thus, this extended apertures significantly generate the aberrations of a zoom system. To solve the problem, an expander lens has been designed using the third-order aberration analysis numerically. Since an MWIR optical system uses a cooled detector, this zoom system should be designed to eliminate the narcissus effect. Using this design approach, we efficiently obtain an expander lens for an MWIR zoom system satisfying the current requirements.
Distortion is one major shortcoming of conventional wide-angle lens. The correction of distortion can maximize field of view in a wide-angle lens and benefit natural scenes. In this paper, we propose a compact wide-an...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181
Distortion is one major shortcoming of conventional wide-angle lens. The correction of distortion can maximize field of view in a wide-angle lens and benefit natural scenes. In this paper, we propose a compact wide-angle lens utilizing freeform surfaces to address the shortcoming. The design approaches, including the starting point selection, freeform surface conversion scheme, and system optimization, are discussed in detail. Moreover, freeform diagnostic tools are developed aiming to facilitate system optimization and visualize the critical aspects of optical performance. The simulation results are demonstrated and discussed. Analysis results demonstrate that the design strategies proposed in this paper have been shown to be effective in reducing distortion as well as improving optical performance. We envision that the proposed design schemes will have a positive effect on research and application values for wide angle lens system.
Bio-inspired opticaldesign can be described as a conscious decision in the design process to take inspiration from physical adaptation that were brought up by natural selection. The usual goal is to introduce non-con...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181
Bio-inspired opticaldesign can be described as a conscious decision in the design process to take inspiration from physical adaptation that were brought up by natural selection. The usual goal is to introduce non-conventional techniques or material in order to achieve better performance or novel applications. However, when the target is to imitate closely the form-factor, appearance and optical properties of a biological system, new requirements are added to the design process and new problems arises. In this paper, we will expose the design of an optical system that draws most requirements from both the optical properties and the form-factor of the human eye. However, contrary to human eye models, the main requirements for this project is to make a realistic design which can be assembled as a prototype. The design process will be laid out, by firstly introducing system requirements and various performance targets that comes from the bio-inspired design. The constraints associated with using entrance pupil's appearance as a requirement will be presented. This paper will also specifically be looking at distortion as a solution for modulating resolution throughout the field of view and as a tool to aid in those novel problems.
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