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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Hallibert, Pascal Arsenault, Robin Delabre, Bernard Esposito, Simone Hubin, Norbert Quirrenbach, Andreas Riccardi, Armando Stroebele, Stefan Stuik, Remko Vink, Ramon Leiden Observ POB 9513 NL-2300 RA Leiden Netherlands ESO DE-85748 Garching Germany Osserv Astrofis Arcetri I-50125 Florence Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

A comprehensive suite of Adaptive Optics systems and AO-assisted instruments is currently under development for the VLT and will be built around a hyperbolic convex adaptive Deformable Secondary Mirror (DSM). In telescopes with such a secondary mirror, test and calibration of both the DSM and the science instruments using it are notoriously expensive and time-consuming. The Adaptive Secondary Setup and Instrument Stimulator (ASSIST) is being developed to allow test and integration of three key elements of the future VILT Adaptive Telescope Facility: the DSM and 2 instrument-specific adaptive optics systems (GALACSI for MUSE and GRAAL for HAWK-I). The core of ASSIST is a standalone interferometric test setup for the DSM allowing its test at its center of curvature (significantly reducing the size of the classical hyperbole focii test configuration). This setup is completed by a star simulator for both natural and laser guide stars, a turbulence generator (for realistic AO performance measurements), a corrector system generating a VLT-like exit pupil and a Nasmyth rotator simulator interfacing with the two AO systems. In this paper we present the optical architecture of ASSIST, detailing the current design of the different parts of the system, and discuss its projected performance and compliance with the test and calibration requirements.

关键词： Adaptive Optics Deformable Secondary Mirror ASSIST Test Bench Pupil Imaging Turbulence Generator VLT Adaptive Optics Facility GALACSI GRAAL MUSE HAWK-I

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Analysis and design of an adaptive lens

Analysis and design of an adaptive lens

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Santiago-Alvarado, A. Vazquez-Montiel, S. Gonzalez-Garcia, J. Garcia-Luna, V. M. Fernandez-Morena, A. Vera-Diaz, E. UTM Inst Fis & Matemat Huajuapan Leon Oaxaca 6900 Mexico INAOE Inst Opt Puebla Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

This study presents the design and analysis of a lens with a variable focal length, which we will call an adaptive lens. This lens is formed of two transparent elastic surfaces with a transparent liquid medium between them. The mechanical design of the lens considers the variation of liquid pressure between the surfaces. This causes changes in curvature radii and in the axial thickness, generating variations in the focal length of the lens. An analysis is given of changes in lens power with respect to changes in pressure. Finally, a model of the human eye is presented using this adaptive lens as crystalline.

关键词： adaptive elastic surfaces liquid lens model human eyes

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Low profile optic design for mobile camera using dual freeform reflective lenses

Low profile optic design for mobile camera using dual freefo...

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Jeong, Ho-Seop Yoo, Ho-Sik Lee, Sang-Hyuk Oh, Hae-Ran Samsung Elect Mech Cent R&D Inst Opt Lab Suwon 443743 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

Aspherical glass or plastic lenses are usually adapted in the camera module of handheld phone. Recently, slimmer cameras are required according to reducing thickness of handheld phone. In this paper, we present an ultra slim camera module using multiple freeform off-axis imaging lenses. New optical concept of multiple lens system introduces the planar optics with freeform. shaped aspherical lens surface on the wafer, which can achieve the thickness of 50% compared to the conventional symmetric lens system. In order to achieve the resolution specification, we separate the field of view in camera module. As the result, two inverted images are produced on a same imaging sensor and the acquired inverted images are processed by photo stitching algorithm so as to combine them. Finally, in order to verify the new imaging system, we manufacture the new slim lens through the LJV embossing replication process. We found the new imaging system is feasible for VGA resolution and it can be expandable to the high resolution system.

关键词： freeform. surface planar integrated optics photo stitching wafer scale lens UV embossing

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Novel technique for measurement of centration errors of complex, completely mounted multi--element objective lenses

Novel technique for measurement of centration errors of comp...

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Heinisch, J. Dumitrescu, E. Krey, S. Triopt GmbH Hafenstr 39 D-22880 Wedel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

The size and the focal length of camera objectives (e.g. cell phones or digital cameras) are becoming smaller and smaller. At the same time the quality requirements are increasing. Besides surface accuracy, the imaging quality of the complete optics is mainly influenced by the alignment errors of the single elements. TRIOPTICS has developed a new technology called MultiLens((R)) in order to measure the centering errors of all single surfaces within an objective lens with up to 40 surfaces or more. We achieve accuracies in the range of an arc second. During the measurement the deviation of each center or curvature with respect to a reference axis is measured. These data are further processed in order to provide the shift and tilt of an individual lens or group of lenses in respect to a given reference axis (Patent pending Ref. 1). Applications mainly include the measurement of cell phone and digital camera lenses. However, any type of objective lens from endoscope up to very complex objective lenses used in microlithography can be measured with highest accuracy. The method has been extended to measure also the aspherical axis of lenses.

关键词： centering centration lens optical surface objective aspherical axis digital camera cell phone camera tilt shift

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design of miniaturized optoelectronic systems using resonant micro scanning mirrors for projection of full-color images

Design of miniaturized optoelectronic systems using resonant...

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Scholles, M. Braeuer, A. Frommhagen, K. Gerwig, Ch. Hoefer, B. Lakner, H. Schenk, H. Schwarzenberg, M. Fraunhofer Inst Photon Microsyst Maria Reiche Str 2 D-01109 Dresden Germany Fraunhofer Inst Appl Opt & Precis Engn D-07745 Jena Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

Projection systems comprising micromechanical. scanning mirrors are a promising approach for information display of any kind. If combined with advanced laser diodes as light sources, ultra-compact projection heads can be realized, as it will be shown in this contribution. Besides the laser, key component of the system is a special MEMS device, a two-dimensional resonant micro scanning mirror. The laser beam formed by collimator optics is directed onto the micro scanning mirror. Then, the reflected beam describes a highly complicated Lissajous figure on the projection screen with flare angles of up to 20 degrees. By driving the mirror and electrically modulating the intensity of the laser beam in a synchronous manner, projection of images can be achieved. Advanced techniques that guarantee improved image quality and allow compensation of artifacts because of relative movement between projection head, screen, and human observer will be described. Based on these principles, several optoelectronic systems have been designed. A monochrome projection head that incorporates the laser diode, optics and the micro mirror could be reduced to a volume of 15mm x 7 mm x 5mm. A slightly larger head is attached to a laser unit with red, green, and blue lasers via glass optical fiber for projection of full color images and video streams. All systems have VGA (640 x 480 pixels) resolution. They operate with 8 bit color depth per pixel and 50 frames per second. These key features in combination with the miniaturized size allow their use for a broad range of applications.

关键词： image projection scanning mirror MEMS resonant scanning micro optics

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design of a thermal imaging diagnostic using 90-degree, off-axis parabolic mirrors

Design of a thermal imaging diagnostic using 90-degree, off-...

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Malone, Robert M. Becker, Steven A. Dolan, Daniel H. Hacking, Richard G. Hickman, Randy J. Kaufman, Morris I. Stevens, Gerald D. Turley, William D. NSTec Los Alamos Operat 182 East Gate Dr Los Alamos NM 87544 USA NSTec North Las Vegas Operat Las Vegas NV 89193 USA Sandia Natl Labs Albuquerque NM 87185 USA NSTec Special Technol Lab Santa Barbara CA 93111 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

Thermal imaging is an important, though challenging, diagnostic for shockwave experiments. Shock-compressed materials undergo transient temperature changes that cannot be recorded with standard (greater than ins response time) infrared detectors. A farther complication arises when optical elements near the experiment are destroyed. We have designed a thermal-imaging system for studying shock temperatures produced inside a gas gun at Sandia National Laboratories. Inexpensive, diamond-turned, parabolic mirrors relay an image of the shocked target to the exterior of the gas gun chamber through a sapphire vacuum port. The 3000-5000-nm portion of this image is directed to an infrared camera which acquires a snapshot of the target with a minimum exposure time of 150 us. A special mask is inserted at the last intermediate image plane, to provide dynamic thermal background recording during the event. Other wavelength bands of this image are split into high-speed detectors operating at 900-1700 nm and at 1700-3000 nm, for time-resolved pyrometry measurements. This system incorporates 90-degree, off-axis parabolic mirrors, which can collect low f/# light over a broad spectral range, for high-speed imaging. Matched mirror pairs must be used so that aberrations cancel. To eliminate image plane tilt, proper tip-to-tip orientation of the parabolic mirrors is required. If one parabolic mirror is rotated 180 degrees about the optical axis connecting the pair of parabolic mirrors, the resulting image is tilted by 60 degrees. Different focal-length mirrors cannot be used to magnify the image without substantially sacrificing image quality. This paper analyzes performance and aberrations of this imaging diagnostic.

关键词： mid-IR imaging off-axis parabolic mirrors gas gun imaging IR camera pyrometry

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2nd International Symposium on Advanced optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies: Large Mirrors and Telescopes

2nd International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturin...

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2nd International Symposium on Advanced optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies: Large Mirrors and Telescopes

The proceedings contain 37 papers. The topics discussed include: current development of advanced optical technology in IOE, CAS;the mechatronic approach to the design of large mirrors and telescopes;new developments in the precessions process for manufacturing free-form, large-optical, and precision-mechanical surfaces;new solutions for innovative extremely large telescopes;test setup for large size deformable convex mirrors and application to 8m convex secondary mirrors for ELT's;support systems for segmented: an overview;application of steel balls to lens calibration in space solar telescope;CFRP solutions for the innovative telescope design;and properties of Zerodur mirron blanks for extremely large telescopes.

关键词： Telescopes

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Steady-state and transient electron transport within the III-V nitride semiconductors, GaN, AlN, and InN: A review

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS 2006年第2期17卷 87-126页

作者： O'Leary, SK Foutz, BE Shur, MS Eastman, LF Univ Regina Fac Engn Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada Cornell Univ Sch Elect Engn Ithaca NY 14853 USA Rensselaer Polytech Inst Dept Elect Comp & Syst Engn Troy NY 12180 USA

The III-V nitride semiconductors, gallium nitride, aluminum nitride, and indium nitride, have, for some time now, been recognized as promising materials for novel electronic and optoelectronic device applications. As informed device design requires a firm grasp of the material properties of the underlying electronic materials, the electron transport that occurs within these III-V nitride semiconductors has been the focus of considerable study over the years. In an effort to provide some perspective on this rapidly evolving field, in this paper we review analyses of the electron transport within the III-V nitride semiconductors, gallium nitride, aluminum nitride, and indium nitride. In particular, we discuss the evolution of the field, compare and contrast results determined by different researchers, and survey the current literature. In order to narrow the scope of this review, we will primarily focus on the electron transport within bulk wurtzite gallium nitride, aluminum nitride, and indium nitride, for this analysis. Most of our discussion will focus on results obtained from our ensemble semi-classical three-valley Monte Carlo simulations of the electron transport within these materials, our results conforming with state-of-the-art III-V nitride semiconductor orthodoxy. A brief tutorial on the Monte Carlo approach will also be featured. Steady-state and transient electron transport results are presented. We conclude our discussion by presenting some recent developments on the electron transport within these materials.

关键词： FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION RESOLVED ELECTROABSORPTIONMEASUREMENT current-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS optical BAND-GAP GALLIUM NITRIDE BALLISTICTRANSPORT INDIUM NITRIDE WURTZITE INN THIN-FILMS

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Roles of Bioelectronics for Quality of Life

Roles of Bioelectronics for Quality of Life

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European Conference on Solid-State Circuits (ESSCIRC)

作者： H. Schmidt A. Shakouri M. Isaacson S. M. Kang Baskin School of Engineering University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA

Bioelectronics is an important technology in enhancing the quality of life, especially for those who are suffering from physiological difficulties. Novel biomimetic microelectronic systems will enable treatment of some of presently incurable human handicaps such as hearing loss, blindness (retinal prosthesis), paralysis (neuron-muscular prosthesis), and memory loss (cortical prosthesis). With advancement of bionanotechnology and quantitative medical research, the potential application of biomimetic systems is highly promising. In this paper we review the current status of biomimetic microelectronic systems and challenging issues in basic interface between electrodes and neuronal network, laboratory on a chip (LoC), and generation of power for implantable devices. For laboratory-on-a-chip (LoC), we examine a new way of detecting and sensing molecules on a chip with single molecule/particle sensitivity by fusing integrated optics with microfluidics, based on integrated hollow-core antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROW) waveguides. With multilayer dielectric confinement, the light is guided through hollow channels with cross sections of a few microns squared. We have demonstrated efficient light guiding in liquid-core ARROWs, single-molecule fluorescence sensitivity in fully planar beam geometry, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, fluorescence from live ribosomes in buffer solution, and electrical fluorescence control by applying a voltage between fluidic reservoirs connected to the waveguide channels. For electrical power sourcing of implantable biomimetic devices and systems, we illustrate the potential of the diffusion potential differences established between two half-cells of electrolyte solutions of different concentrations to generate directly an electric current. This concentration cell operates solely on a salt concentration gradient. The future advancement of biomimetic systems design will critically depend on computer aids as in VLSI developments

关键词： Biomimetics Prosthetics optical waveguides Fluorescence Laboratories Lab-on-a-chip Power generation Integrated optics optical buffering optical waveguide components

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for optical engineering - current developments in Lens design and optical engineering

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical ...

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current developments in Lens design and optical engineering V

The proceedings contain 40 papers from the Proceedings of SPIE - current developments in Lens design and optical engineering V. The topics discussed include: small catadioptric microscope optics;visible-NIR imaging optics for a Fourier transform spectrometer;optical design and analysis of a polarimeter for space applications;novel faceted mirror for pushbroom IR sensor;variable-focus liquid lens for portable applications;improving efficiency of beam splitter for DVD pickup;near infrared (NIR) achromatic phase retarder;passive fiber chip coupling of polymer PLC devices using hot embossing technique;optical state estimation using wavefront data;and temporal stability and performance of MR polishing fluid.

关键词： optical design

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