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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical Systems engineering

作者： Conkey, SB Lee, C Chaykovsky, S Content, D Morell, A Budinoff, J Swales Aerosp Inc Beltsville MD 20705 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819437387

A simple closed form solution was derived for the optimum weight design of a cylindrical sandwich mirror for a given self-weight deflection and mirror radius. This optimum solution is based on the generalized deflection equation for an axisymmetrically supported thick circular plate. This two parameter equation of deflection captures the deflection of the plate caused by bending and transverse shear. The solution yields the optimum facesheet thickness, core thickness, and core density. The derived optimum solution was used in a case study for the GLAS (Geoscience Laser Altimeter System) primary mirror. This Beryllium mirror is manufactured with an open back isogrid pattern. The objective of this study is to determine a lightweight mirror design using Aluminum sandwich construction that can meet the performances of the current mirror and reduce fabrication costs. With the optimum solution several first order approximations using Aluminum honeycomb or foam core were determined. The performance, 1 g deflection, and wave front error of these designs was determined from Finite Element Analysis. The results conclude that sandwich construction outperforms the isogrid design by significant margins on both weight and distortion if the same material is used. Because of its superior specific stiffness the Beryllium isogrid design still marginally outperforms the optimum Aluminum sandwich design. However, the Aluminum sandwich design should provide significant advantages on cost and ease of fabrication over Beryllium isogrid designs.

关键词： aluminum foam lightweight sandwich panel mirror optimization

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Macro optical system for biological application

Macro optical system for biological application

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical Systems engineering

作者： Kawano, Y Abe, C Abe, K Hayashi, K Hatta, Y Tamura, K Olympus Amer Inc Sci Equipment Grp Melville NY 11747 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819437387

currently, the requirement of wide field view fluorescence observation is increasing in the biological field, but the existing microscopes have difficulty in imaging lower magnification fluorescence images. It is very easy to image in higher magnification with higher resolution and brightness using existing microscopes, but it is very difficult to image in lower magnification that are also bright. We focused on two applications in which a macro lens would be useful. The first application is DNA array reading. The second application is In Vivo imaging. Both applications require wide observation areas and bright images which are needed to lower magnification and fluorescence capability. The macro lens needs to have high numerical aperture (N..) and low magnification. We also believe if the macro lens can be attached to the existing microscopes, it will be quite useful to various applications because the scientists can then observe fluorescence images from low magnification to high magnification. To fulfill these needs, we designed macro objective lenses. Listed bellows are our macro lens' unique features. 1. Specification for the macro objective lenses are 2X, N. A. 0.14 and 4X, N. A. 0.28. These N. A. is higher than the existing microscope objective lenses of equal magnifications. 2. The 4X and 2X macro lens can be attached to existing microscopes. 3. These macro lenses can be used with the video lens such as 0.5X.

关键词： macro objective lens 4X 2X fluorescence

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Projection lenses for high resolution ablation with excimer lasers:: high performance, wide field and high UV laser power

Projection lenses for high resolution ablation with excimer ...

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical Systems engineering

作者： Schlichting, J Winkler, K Körner, L Schletterer, T Burghardt, B Kahlert, HJ JENOPT Laser Opt Syst GMBH Jena Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819437387

The productive and accurate ablation of microstructures demands the precise imaging of st mask pattern onto the substrate under work. The job can be done with high performance wide field lenses as a key component of ablation equipment. The image field has dimensions of 20 to 30 mm. Typical dimensions and accuracy of the microstructures are in the order of some microns. On the other hand, the working depth of focus (DOF) has to be in the order of some 10 microns to be successful on drilling through 20 to 50 mum substrates. All these features have to be reached under the conditions of high power laser UV light Some design principles for such systems are applied, such as optimum number of elements, minimum tolerance sensitivity, material restrictions for the lens elements as well as mechanical parts (mounting), restrictions of possible power densities on lens surfaces (including ghosts), matched quality for the manufactured system. The special applications require appropriate performance criteria for theoretical calculation and measurements, which allow to conclude the performance of the application. The base is wave front calculation and measurement (using Shack-Hartmann sensor) in UV. Derived criteria are calculated and compared with application results.

关键词： laser ablation excimer laser imaging high performance optics systems design

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A review of current sensor technologies and applications within automotive and traffic control systems

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE engineering 2000年第D6期214卷 589-614页

作者： Turner, JD Austin, L Transport Res Lab Crowthorne RG45 6AU Berks England Oxford Brookes Univ Oxford OX3 0BP England

This paper reviews the current practice in sensors and sensor applications for automotive and traffic control systems. Sensors to control engine fuelling, ignition and transmission (known as the powertrain) are reviewed, and the likely course of future development is discussed in the light of regulatory and market requirements as well as trends in sensor design and manufacture. Sensor needs for suspension, braking and traction control are also reviewed, and the likely introduction of wheel and tyre sensors to enhance driving safety is discussed. The recent trend towards vehicle-mounted devices to sense the vehicle environment (such as radar, optical, ultrasound, capacitive and image-based systems) is discussed, and the sensor implications of the introduction of safety-critical automotive systems such as adaptive cruise control (ACC) are discussed. Sensors for initiating the deployment of safety systems such as airbags are reviewed, together with transducers for disconnecting fuel pumps and vehicle batteries in the event of a crash. The paper includes a brief discussion of highway-based sensors for measuring vehicle speed and presence, and concludes with a discussion of the likely future developments in the field.

关键词： automotive highway traffic transducers sensors telematics control

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GRADIUM for image intensifier night vision systems for long-range target recognition

GRADIUM for image intensifier night vision systems for long-...

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current developments in Lens design and optical Systems engineering

作者： Pande, R.C. Krishna, K.Siva Rama Instruments Research & Development Establishment Dehradun India

Ever since the gradient index (GRIN) materials came into existence, there have been continuous efforts by various research groups in the world to improve these materials and explore their potential for designing high-performance and compact optical systems. Recently, with the advent of a commercial gradient index glass such as GRADIUM by LightPath Technologies Inc., Arizona, (USA) there has been an increased interest among optical engineers to use these materials for developing realisable GRIN systems. We have previously reported the use of GRADIUM in image intensifier tube based night vision systems such as passive night vision goggles for patrolling and passive night sights for drivers of armored vehicles. These applications generally use systems with unit magnification and large field of view. Derivatives of Double-Gauss configuration are best suited for the front-end objective lens of such systems. In this paper, we discuss the use of GRADIUM in night vision systems for long-range target recognition under low-level of illumination. These applications use image intensifier night vision telescopes having certain desired magnifications. The front-end objectives used for such telescopes should have large focal lengths and high apertures generally in the range of 80 mm to 140 mm for meeting the range specifications for target recognition. Petzval type of configuration is typically used for realizing such large-aperture and low f-number objectives with high contrast at lower frequencies throughout the image field. Use of conventional glass elements in such systems often limits the off-axis performance. We demonstrate, in this paper, the potential of GRADIUM in improving the overall performance of a pair of conventional Petzval objectives used in night vision devices for long range observations.

关键词： optical systems

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Magneto-optical Recording Materials

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2000年

作者： Richard J. Gambino Takao Suzuki

ISBN: (纸本)9780780310094

"As digital data storage technology undergoes enormous change, electrical engineers, physicists, and materials scientists need to keep pace with the materials requirements for recording media. Expert contributors -- together with world-class authorities Richard J. Gambino and Takao Suzuki -- bring you a practical, comprehensive guide to materials design and selection for magneto-optical storage media. This authoritative book explores multilayered thin films, exchanged coupled layers, materials used in current products, and materials of potential interest not yet available in practical applications. A detailed analysis concerning the physics of magneto-optical recording will help you make informed decisions about materials properties. You will also find an extensive discussion of systems and engineering design features for magneto-optical storage devices. This discussion will help you to understand how materials properties impact system performance. You will gain additional insight into this fast-developing field through in-depth coverage of these featured topics: * Rare earth-transition metal amorphous alloys, multilayers, garnets, intermetallic compounds, and ferrites * Basic principles of domain dynamics and recording physics * Latest developments in exchange coupled layers, direct overwrite, and magnetic superresolution * Minidisc, future high-density systems, and DVD format. MAGNETO-optical RECORDING MATERIALS is essential reading for anyone who needs to keep up-to-date with the latest advances in digital data storage technology."

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Emerging Tools for Single‐Cell Analysis: Advances in optical Measurement Technologies 1

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丛书名： Cytometric cellular analysis

2000年

作者： Gary Durack J. Paul Robinson

ISBN: (数字)9780471224846

ISBN: (纸本)9780471315759

The resurgence of interest in high-resolution evaluation of single-cell properties has led to examining where current technology stands at the beginning of a new millennium. Engineers and scientists have produced significant advances in cytometric technologies in just the past few years. Emerging Tools for Single-Cell Analysis: Advances in optical Measurement Technologies stresses the applications and theories behind some of these advances in cell measurement and cell- sorting technologies. Rapid assessment of the proper function of cells and molecular processes within cells is essential. To that end, new and varying technologies present important diagnostic and prognostic tools relevant to a variety of diseases. Future developments in miniaturization of electronics, micro- and nanomachines, and biomedical engineering are certain to impact cell biology. New analytical technologies are revolutionizing our ability to functionally characterize, isolate, and manipulate single cells. This timely book offers researchers and design engineers much-needed information as they further develop technologies for cell analysis. By comparing and contrasting various approaches, the authors explain how those technologies converge toward similar goals: evaluating the properties of cells and sorting cells on those properties using optically-based measurement systems. Emerging Tools for Single-Cell Analysis offers scientists and engineers a vision of the exciting possibilities that exist as new technologies are applied to single-cell analysis,

关键词： Flow cytometry. Cytophotometry. Flow Cytometry instrumentation. Flow Cytometry methods. Cell separation.

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Compact finger imager

Compact finger imager

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8th Conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering

作者： Clark, PP Goodman, DS Plummer, WT Polaroid Corp Dept Opt Engn Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819432652

We present the design of a compact, low-cost finger imager, to be used for enrolling and recognizing individuals based upon their finger ridge patterns. The optical system employs viewing beyond the critical angle and darkfield illumination for maximum image contrast. The optical system is afocal and telecentric, achieving corrected distortion with oblique viewing.

关键词： optical system design biometrics fingerprint plastic aspheric lenses

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Novel design concepts for UV laser beam shaping

Novel design concepts for UV laser beam shaping

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8th Conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering

作者： Bernges, J Unnebrink, L Henning, T Kreutz, EW Poprawe, R Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Lehrstuhl Lasertech D-52074 Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819432652

Recent developments in the field of high transmitting beam shaping optics for material processing are presented. Central parts of these optics are non-rotationally symmetric optical elements (NOEs). Advanced design principles for NOEs are presented. An optical setup containing a NOE and a system for the adaptation of the spatial coherence properties of excimer lasers to the processing requirements are presented together with beam diagnosis and material processing results. In comparison to results obtained earlier a largely increased beam shaping performance is demonstrated.

关键词： excimer laser non-rotationally symmetric optical elements beam shaping transversal degree of coherence optical systems

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optical design of the Next Generation Sky Survey (NGSS) Telescope

Optical design of the Next Generation Sky Survey (NGSS) Tele...

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8th Conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering

作者： Chrisp, MP Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp Boulder CO 80301 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819432652

The Next Generation Sky Survey (NGSS) Telescope is a spaceborne cryogenic optical telescope with four channels covering the wavelength range 3.5 to 23 microns. The 0.5 m aperture telescope is based on a modified three mirror afocal design, with a scan mirror at the exit pupil compensating for the spacecraft motion. After the scan mirror, the light is spectrally split and focussed by three refractive camera systems onto four detector arrays. The nominal optical design exceeds the requirement of diffraction limited performance at 8 microns wavelength over the 1 degree by 0.5 degree field of regard.

关键词： optical design telescope infrared mirrors space cryogenic

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