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Conference on Intense Microwave Pulses ii

作者： HOUCK, TL WESTENSKOW, GA LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB LIVERMORECA 94550

ISBN: (纸本)0819414492

The Microwave Source Facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is studying the application of induction accelerator technology to high-power microwave generators suitable for linear collider power sources. We report on the results of two experiments, both using the Choppertron's 11.4 GHz modulator and a 5-MeV, 1-kA induction beam. The first experimental configuration has a single traveling-wave output structure designed to produce in excess of 300 MW in a single fundamental waveguide. This output structure consists of 12 individual cells, the first two incorporating de-Q-ing circuits to dampen higher order resonant modes. The second experiment studies the feasibility of enhancing beam to microwave power conversion by accelerating a modulated beam with induction cells. Referred to as the `reacceleration experiment,' this experiment consists of three traveling-wave output structures designed to produce about 125 MW per output and two induction cells located between the outputs. Status of current and planned experiments are presented.

关键词： Microwave radiation Medium wave Modulators Modulation Collimators Waveguides Computer simulations Structural design X band Free electron lasers

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Intense Microwave Pulses ii

Intense Microwave Pulses II

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Intense Microwave Pulses ii 1994

The proceedings contain 43 papers. The topics discussed include: present progress and future research in the relativistic klystron amplifier program at the Naval Research Laboratory;system parameters germane to relativistic klystron amplifiers: how the utility of pulse energy depends on pulse duration, the target, and the atmosphere;self-consistent nonlinear theory of the resistive-wall klystron;simulation of beam-gap interactions and microwave extraction in the NRL relativistic klystron amplifier;Low-frequency cavity oscillation driven by detuned current modulation;design consideration of relativistic klystron two-beam accelerator for suppression of beam break-up;recent advances in Reltron and super-Reltron HPM source development;second report on the experimental progress of the one microsecond, one kilojoule per pulse l-band relativistic klystron at los alamos;recent experimental results from a long-pulse j-band relativistic klystron amplifier developmental effort;and reduction of bremsstrahlung recoil force on the second-order nonlinear dynamic polarization charge of a relativistic test particle.

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"Conventional" underwater camera systems-an update

"Conventional" underwater camera systems-an update

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OCEANS

作者： D.J. Stewart Simrad Osprey Limited Aberdeen UK

Despite the emerging developments of exotic laser-based visual imaging systems for underwater use, there is still a significant place for "conventional" camera and lighting systems. This paper seeks to review this fairly mature conventional technology, by examining the trends in the underlying technologies which determine its continuing place in oceanic science and engineering. Specific existing sensors are reviewed, together with sensor developments, in order to establish a useful end-user perspective on current sensor choices. Some prospects for future developments are also presented for consideration by those involved in more advanced programmes.< >

关键词： Cameras Charge coupled devices Sensor phenomena and characterization Marine technology Monitoring Inspection Signal resolution Lighting Laser theory optical design

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Exploitation of interstitial brachytherapy techniques for PDT. ii. Novel photosensitizers for the treatment of solid tumors 3

Exploitation of interstitial brachytherapy techniques for PD...

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optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy iiI 1994

作者： Chapman, J.D. Stobbe, C.C. Engelhardt, E.L. Fenning, M.C. Brown, D.Q. Dagan, A. Gatt, S. Fox Chase Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology PhiladelphiaPA19111 United States Department of Biochemistry Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Medicine Jerusalem Israel

The treatment of solid human tumors of volume up to 50 cm3 will require significant gains in photosensitizing effect over that obtained with Photofrin® and 630 nm light. Some techniques of interstitial radioisotope brachytherapy can be exploited for the uniform delivery oflaser light to solid tumor volumes. Our dosimetry planning system (T-PIPET) was used to design 7- and 9-fiber illuminators for the treatment of R3327AT rat prostate tumors by interstitial PDT. Relatively uniform light fields within encompassed tumor volumes could be achieved with needle spacings of 0.9 and 1.2 cm for light of 670 and 750 nm, respectively. Novel photosensitizers derived from pheophorbide and bacteriopheophorbide and activated by 673 and 753 nm light, respectively, were at least 1000X more potent than Photofrii i n photokilling EMT6 tumor cells in vitro. Tumor response in vivo resulted from perfusion shutdown and secondary ischemic cell death. Complete tumor reponse and some cures were demonstrated when R3327-AT rat prostate tumors of 3.5-4.5 cm3 volume were treated with 400 J of 673 nm light delivered 1 hr after the i.v. administration of 2mg/kg Ph4-OH. current studies will optimize the vehicle for drug delivery, the time between drug and light administration and the light dose uniformity required throughout a treatment volume for maximizing tumor cures. A two-fold gain in tissue penetrance by longer wavelength light combined with at least a 100X gain in in vivo effectiveness by these novel photosensitizers makes feasible the treatment of solid human tumors by interstitial PDT with current laser systems. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rats

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EQUIVALENT IMPEDANCE OF BUILDING COLUMNS AND GIRDERS AGAINST LIGHTNING SURGES

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART ii-ELECTRONICS 1994年第8期77卷 102-114页

作者： SATO, M KURAMOTO, S NTT Telecommunication Networks Laboratories Musashino Japan 180 Masaji Sat0 received his B.S. degree from the Department of Electrical Engineering Yamagata University in 1972 and joined Nippon Telegraph and Telephone. Since then he has been engaged in research on structural design of metal communication cables and on gas drum structural design of optical cables grounding method for the telephone central office buildings and lightning protection test and protection methods of communication equipment. Presently he is a Senior Researcher at NTT Telecommunication Networks Laboratories Communication Quality Research Department.

If a telephone center building is subject to a direct hit by lightning, lightning surge currents flow in the columns, girders, and walls and, hence, the equipment may be damaged or may malfunction due to induction into the communication cables and power lines. Studies on the current and voltage distributions in the building by the direct lightning hit have been carried out. One of the fundamental subjects is the method of estimating the equivalent impedance of actual columns and girders. There has been no sufficient understanding because the dimensions of the steel frames are large and the shapes are extremely complex. In this paper, scaled-down models of the columns and girders are constructed first and the impedance measurement method for these models is discussed. It is found that the current distributions in the model become almost homogeneous if several return wires are placed around the scaled model of the column so that a measurement close to an actual situation can be carried out. Next, by means of this measurement method, a simple cylindrical conductor rod and the scale model of the column are compared. Hence, it is proven experimentally that the resistance and the inductance of the columns and the girders can be estimated from the computational equation for the cylindrical conductor rod with identical surface area to those of the steel frame and the steel rod, even if the shapes are complex. Finally, the actual columns of a reinforced concrete building are measured and agreement is confirmed between the estimate from the scale model and the actually measured values.

关键词： LIGHTNING SURGE SURGE IMPEDANCE TELEPHONE CENTER BUILDING

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current developments in optical design and optical engineering iiI

Current Developments in Optical Design and Optical Engineeri...

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current developments in optical design and optical engineering iiI

The proceedings contains 44 papers. Some of the specific topics discussed are: multiple-temperature lens design optimization;engineering an agile beam director for laser radar;beam design of a noncooperative interfero... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)081941249X

关键词： optical systems

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FISHEYE PROJECTION LENS FOR LARGE-FORMAT FILM

FISHEYE PROJECTION LENS FOR LARGE-FORMAT FILM

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Conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering iiI

作者： DOSHI, R HUGHES LEITZ OPT TECHNOL MIDLAND L4R 2H2ONCANADA

In this paper, we present a new fisheye projection lens for 8 perforation 70 mm format film. The lens has an aperture of F/2.4 and a total field of view of 163 degree(s). We discuss design considerations, and compare ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)081941249X

关键词： Modulation transfer functions Distortion Lens design Projection systems Glasses Tolerancing Laminated object manufacturing Optics manufacturing Spatial frequencies Manufacturing

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BEAM design OF A NONCOOPERATIVE INTERFEROMETER

BEAM DESIGN OF A NONCOOPERATIVE INTERFEROMETER

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Conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering iiI

作者： HOLSCHER, M HOLZAPFEL, W UNIV KASSEL INST MEASUREMENT & AUTOMATD-34109 KASSELGERMANY

ISBN: (纸本)081941249X

An optical minimum configuration of a laser interferometer for noncooperative scattering objects is investigated. An optimization of the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of the homodyne receiver is achieved by beam design. Scattering measurement object surfaces generate a speckle pattern on the detector surface which influences the SNR. Within the whole operating range of the optics, the transmitted light spot on the surface under investigation should therefore be small. The receiving optics should image the light spot onto the detector surface. The detection of a noncooperative object in a distance of 26 m is proven experimentally.

关键词： Interferometers

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ALGEBRAIC APPROACH FOR OPTIMIZING A TRIPLET LENS

ALGEBRAIC APPROACH FOR OPTIMIZING A TRIPLET LENS

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Conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering iiI

作者： KASSIM, AM AL QUDS UNIV COLL SCI & TECHNOLDEPT PHYSJERUSALEMISRAEL

ISBN: (纸本)081941249X

Using the concept of matrix theory for lens design, a triplet lens can be replaced by a singlet lens which has an equivalent system matrix without changing its optical performance. Then, using third order Siedel's first aberration coefficient of the singlet lens is equal to zero, and the focal length and the physical length of the triplet lens are kept constant as constraints, an algebraic technique for optimizing a triplet lens is derived. Results show that this new optimizing technique is more effective than other conventional techniques for optimizing a triplet lens in the case of plane waves.

关键词： Lens design Electronic filtering Monochromatic aberrations Refractive index Spherical lenses Geometrical optics optical design optical properties Physics Image quality

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EFFECT OF FABRICATION ERRORS ON BINARY PHASE GRATING

EFFECT OF FABRICATION ERRORS ON BINARY PHASE GRATING

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Conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering iiI

作者： LU, ZW QIAN, LS LIAO, JH WENG, ZC CHANGCHUN INST OPT & FINE MECH STATE KEY LAB APPL OPTCHANGCHUN 130022PEOPLES R CHINA

ISBN: (纸本)081941249X

Based on scale diffraction theory, binary phase gratings are designed and the effect of fabrication errors on the diffraction efficiency and uniformity is discussed. The theoretical and numerical analysis shows that (0, non-(pi) ) grating is more sensitive to phase delay error than (0, (pi) ) grating. Patterning error is very complex to analyze, but we can give a maximum intensity deviation to the grating.

关键词： Diffraction gratings Binary data Diffraction optical design Error analysis optical lithography Etching Phase shift keying Neural networks optical signal processing

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