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arXiv 2023年

作者： Bliokh, Konstantin Y. Karimi, Ebrahim Padgett, Miles J. Alonso, Miguel A. Dennis, Mark R. Dudley, Angela Forbes, Andrew Zahedpour, Sina Hancock, Scott W. Milchberg, Howard M. Rotter, Stefan Nori, Franco Özdemir, Şahin K. Bender, Nicholas Cao, Hui Corkum, Paul B. Hernández-García, Carlos Ren, Haoran Kivshar, Yuri Silveirinha, Mário G. Engheta, Nader Rauschenbeutel, Arno Schneeweiss, Philipp Volz, Jürgen Leykam, Daniel Smirnova, Daria A. Rong, Kexiu Wang, Bo Hasman, Erez Picardi, Michela F. Zayats, Anatoly V. Rodríguez-Fortuño, Francisco J. Yang, Chenwen Ren, Jie Khanikaev, Alexander B. Alù, Andrea Brasselet, Etienne Shats, Michael Verbeeck, Jo Schattschneider, Peter Sarenac, Dusan Cory, David G. Pushin, Dmitry Birk, Michael Gorlach, Alexey Kaminer, Ido Cardano, Filippo Marrucci, Lorenzo Krenn, Mario Marquardt, Florian Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory RIKEN Saitama Wako-shi351-0198 Japan Department of Physics University of Ottawa OttawaONK1N 6N5 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom Aix-Marseille Univ CNRS Centrale Marseille Institut Fresnel Marseille13013 France The Institute of Optics University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom School of Physics University of the Witwatersrand Private Bag 3 Johannesburg2050 South Africa Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States ViennaA-1040 Austria Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109-1040 United States The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT United States Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory National Research Council University of Ottawa OttawaON Canada Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica Departamento de Física Aplicada Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaE-37008 Spain MQ School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia Research School of Physics Australian National University CanberraACT2601 Australia Instituto de Telecomunicações Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisbon Lisboa Portugal Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Physics Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin12489 Germany Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2 Singapore117543 Singapore Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute Helen Diller Quantum Center Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa3200003 Israel Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District Shanghai China Department of Physics

Structured waves are ubiquitous for all areas of wave physics, both classical and quantum, where the wavefields are inhomogeneous and cannot be approximated by a single plane wave. Even the interference of two plane waves, or a single inhomogeneous (evanescent) wave, provides a number of nontrivial phenomena and additional functionalities as compared to a single plane wave. Complex wavefields with inhomogeneities in the amplitude, phase, and polarization, including topological structures and singularities, underpin modern nanooptics and photonics, yet they are equally important, e.g., for quantum matter waves, acoustics, water waves, etc. Structured waves are crucial in optical and electron microscopy, wave propagation and scattering, imaging, communications, quantum optics, topological and non-Hermitian wave systems, quantum condensed-matter systems, optomechanics, plasmonics and metamaterials, optical and acoustic manipulation, and so forth. This Roadmap is written collectively by prominent researchers and aims to survey the role of structured waves in various areas of wave physics. Providing background, current research, and anticipating future developments, it will be of interest to a wide cross-disciplinary audience. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Topology

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NSLS-ii Biomedical Beamlines for Macromolecular Crystallography, FMX and AMX, and for X-ray Scattering, LIX: current developments

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2014年第1期493卷

作者： M R Fuchs R M Sweet L E Berman W A Hendrickson O Chubar N Canestrari M Idir L Yang D K Schneider Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA Author to whom correspondence should be addressed Columbia University and New York Structural Biology Center New York NY 10032 USA European Synchrotron Radiation Facility 38043-Grenoble Cedex France

We present the current status of development of the two macromolecular crystallography (MX) beamlines, FMX and AMX, and the X-ray scattering beamline LIX, at the National Synchrotron Light Source-ii (NSLS-ii) [1]. Together, FMX and AMX will cover a broad range of use cases from serial crystallography on micron sized crystals, to very large unit cell complexes, to rapid sample screening, e.g. for the always-hard-to-grow membrane proteins and for ligand binding studies. The LIX beamline will support a variety of X-ray scattering measurements for studies on proteins in solution, lipid membranes and biological tissues. We have performed Synchrotron Radiation Workshop (SRW) [2] and Shadow[3] simulations to help select optimal methods to modify the size of the beam easily and smoothly at both FMX and AMX. The very low emittance of the NSLS-ii storage ring and the resulting low divergence of the X-ray beam, as well as the long optical path lengths in the photon delivery systems lead to stringent requirements e.g. for vibrational stability and mirror quality. We discuss beamline design considerations addressing these challenges, such as combining mirror optics with compound refractive lenses (CRLs).

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The Calibration Units of KM3NeT 37

The Calibration Units of KM3NeT

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Le Breton, R. Billault, M. Boutonnet, C. Champion, C. Colonges, S. Cosquer, A. Creusot, A. Henry, S. Ilioni, A. Keller, P. Lagier, P. Lahmann, R. Lamare, P. Lesrel, J. Lindsey Clark, M. Riccobene, G. Royon, J. Samtleben, D. Van Elewyck, V. Ageron, M. Aiello, S. Albert, A. Alshamsi, M. Alves Garre, S. Aly, Z. Ambrosone, A. Ameli, F. Andre, M. Androulakis, G. Anghinolfi, M. Anguita, M. Anton, G. Ardid, M. Ardid, S. Assal, W. Aublin, J. Bagatelas, C. Baret, B. Basegmez du Pree, S. Bendahman, M. Benfenati, F. Berbee, E. van den Berg, A.M. Bertin, V. Beurthey, S. van Beveren, V. Biagi, S. Bissinger, M. Boettcher, M. Bou Cabo, M. Boumaaza, J. Bouta, M. Bouvet, G. Bouwhuis, M. Bozza, C. Brânzaş, H. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Bruno, R. Buis, E. Buompane, R. Busto, J. Caiffi, B. Caillat, L. Calvo, D. Campion, S. Capone, A. Carduner, H. Carretero, V. Castaldi, P. Celli, S. Cereseto, R. Chabab, M. Chau, N. Chen, A. Cherubini, S. Chiarella, V. Chiarusi, T. Circella, M. Cocimano, R. Coelho, J.A.B. Coleiro, A. Colomer Molla, M. Coniglione, R. Coyle, P. Cresta, M. Cruz, A. Cuttone, G. D’Amico, A. Dallier, R. De Martino, B. De Palma, M. Di Palma, I. Díaz, A.F. Diego-Tortosa, D. Distefano, C. Domi, A. Donzaud, C. Dornic, D. Dörr, M. Drouhin, D. Eberl, T. Eddyamoui, A. van Eeden, T. van Eijk, D. El Bojaddaini, I. Eljarrari, H. Elsaesser, D. Enzenhöfer, A. Espinosa, V. Fermani, P. Ferrara, G. Filipović, M.D. Filippini, F. Fransen, J. Fusco, L.A. Gajanana, D. Gal, T. García Méndez, J. Garcia Soto, A. Garçon, E. Garufi, F. Gatius, C. Geißelbrecht, N. Gialanella, L. Giorgio, E. Gozzini, S.R. Gracia, R. Graf, K. Grella, G. Guderian, D. Guidi, C. Guillon, B. Gutiérrez, M. Haefner, J. Hallmann, S. Hamdaoui, H. van Haren, H. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, A. Hennig, L. Hernández-Rey, J.J. Hofestädt, J. Huang, F. Idrissi Ibnsalih, W. Illuminati, G. James, C.W. Janezashvili, D. Jansweijer, P. de Jong, M. de Jong, P. Jung, B.J. Kadler, M. Kalaczyński, P. Université de Paris CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75013 France Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics Erwin-Rommel-Strasse 1 91058 Germany INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Via S. Sofia 62 Catania95123 Italy Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics Amsterdam Netherlands Institut Universitaire de France 1 rue Descartes Paris75005 France Leiden University Leiden Institute of Physics PO Box 9504 Leiden2300 RA Netherlands INFN Sezione di Catania Via Santa Sofia 64 Catania95123 Italy Université de Strasbourg CNRS IPHC UMR 7178 StrasbourgF-67000 France IFIC - Instituto de Física Corpuscular CSIC - Universitat de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 Valencia Paterna46980 Spain INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy Università di Napoli "Federico II" Dip. Scienze Fisiche "E. Pancini" Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 2 Roma00185 Italy Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Laboratori d’Aplicacions Bioacústiques Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú Avda. Rambla Exposició s/n Vilanova i la Geltrú08800 Spain NCSR Demokritos Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics Ag. Paraskevi Attikis Athens15310 Greece INFN Sezione di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova16146 Italy University of Granada Dept. of Computer Architecture and Technology CITIC Granada18071 Spain Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics Erwin-Rommel-Straße 1 Erlangen91058 Germany Universitat Politècnica de València Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de las Zonas Costeras C/Paranimf 1 Gandia46730 Spain Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics PO Box 41882 Amsterdam1009 DB Netherlands University Mohammed V in Rabat Faculty

KM3NeT is a deep-sea infrastructure composed of two neutrino telescopes being deployed in the Mediterranean Sea: ARCA, near Sicily in Italy, designed for neutrino astronomy and ORCA, near Toulon in France, designed for neutrino oscillations. These two telescopes are 3D arrays of optical modules used to detect the Cherenkov radiation, which is a signature of charged particles going faster than light in the sea water. To achieve the best performance for the events reconstruction in the telescopes, the exact location of the optical modules, affected by sea current, must be known at any time and the timing resolution between optical modules must reach the nanosecond. Moreover, the properties of the environment in which the telescopes are deployed, such as temperature and salinity, must be continuously monitored because they affect the timing and positioning calibration. KM3NeT is going to deploy several dedicated Calibration Units to meet these calibration goals. The Calibration Base will host several instruments: a Laser Beacon for time calibration and an acoustic emitter and a hydrophone for positioning of the optical modules. To complete the positioning calibration, some of these Calibration Units will be equipped with an Instrumentation Unit hosting environmental monitoring instruments. Because of the difference in size between ARCA and ORCA, the design of the Calibration Unit is not the same for the two sites. This proceeding describes all the devices, features and purposes of the Calibration Units with a focus on ORCA Calibration Unit and its status. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Calibration

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Roadmap on structured waves

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JOURNAL OF OPTICS 2023年第10期25卷 103001-103001页

作者： Bliokh, Konstantin Y. Karimi, Ebrahim Padgett, Miles J. Alonso, Miguel A. Dennis, Mark R. Dudley, Angela Forbes, Andrew Zahedpour, Sina Hancock, Scott W. Milchberg, Howard M. Rotter, Stefan Nori, Franco Ozdemir, Sahin K. Bender, Nicholas Cao, Hui Corkum, Paul B. Hernandez-Garcia, Carlos Ren, Haoran Kivshar, Yuri Silveirinha, Mario G. Engheta, Nader Rauschenbeutel, Arno Schneeweiss, Philipp Volz, Juergen Leykam, Daniel Smirnova, Daria A. Rong, Kexiu Wang, Bo Hasman, Erez Picardi, Michela F. Zayats, Anatoly, V Rodriguez-Fortuno, Francisco J. Yang, Chenwen Ren, Jie Khanikaev, Alexander B. Alu, Andrea Brasselet, Etienne Shats, Michael Verbeeck, Jo Schattschneider, Peter Sarenac, Dusan Cory, David G. Pushin, Dmitry A. Birk, Michael Gorlach, Alexey Kaminer, Ido Cardano, Filippo Marrucci, Lorenzo Krenn, Mario Marquardt, Florian RIKEN Theoret Quantum Phys Lab Wako Saitama 3510198 Japan Ctr Excellence ENSEMBLE3 Sp Zoo PL-01919 Warsaw Poland Donostia Int Phys Ctr DIPC Donostia San Sebastian 20080 Spain Univ Ottawa Dept Phys Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada Univ Glasgow Dept Phys & Astron Glasgow G12 Scotland Aix Marseille Univ Inst Fresnel CNRS Cent Marseille Marseille France Univ Rochester Inst Opt Rochester NY 14527 USA Univ Birmingham Sch Phys & Astron Birmingham England Univ Witwatersrand Sch Phys Private Bag 3 ZA-2050 Johannesburg South Africa Univ Maryland Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys College Pk MD 20740 USA Vienna Univ Technol TU Wien Inst Theoret Phys A-1040 Vienna Austria Univ Michigan Dept Phys Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Penn State Univ Dept Engn Sci & Mech University Pk PA 16802 USA Penn State Univ Mat Res Inst University Pk PA 16802 USA Yale Univ Dept Appl Phys New Haven CT USA CNR Joint Attosecond Sci Lab Ottawa ON Canada Univ Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada Univ Salamanca Dept Fis Aplicada Grp Invest Aplicac Laser & Foton E-37008 Salamanca Spain Monash Univ Sch Phys & Astron Melbourne Vic 3800 Australia Australian Natl Univ Res Sch Phys Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Univ Lisbon Inst Telecomunicacoes Inst Super Tecn Lisbon Portugal Univ Penn Dept Elect & Syst Engn Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Humboldt Univ Dept Phys D-12489 Berlin Germany Natl Univ Singapore Ctr Quantum Technol 3 Sci Dr 2 Singapore 117543 Singapore Technion Israel Inst Technol Russell Berrie Nanotechnol Inst IL-3200003 Haifa Israel Technion Israel Inst Technol Helen Diller Quantum Ctr IL-3200003 Haifa Israel Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ 800 Dongchuan RD Shanghai Peoples R China Kings Coll London Dept Phys London WC2R 2LS England Kings Coll London London Ctr Nanotechnol London WC2R 2LS England Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol ICFO Inst Ciencies Foton Castelldefels Barcelona Spain Tongji Univ Ctr Phonon & Thermal Energy Sci Sch Phys Sci & Engn Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China CUNY City Coll Dept

Structured waves are ubiquitous for all areas of wave physics, both classical and quantum, where the wavefields are inhomogeneous and cannot be approximated by a single plane wave. Even the interference of two plane waves, or of a single inhomogeneous (evanescent) wave, provides a number of nontrivial phenomena and additional functionalities as compared to a single plane wave. Complex wavefields with inhomogeneities in the amplitude, phase, and polarization, including topological----- structures and singularities, underpin modern nanooptics and photonics, yet they are equally important, e.g. for quantum matter waves, acoustics, water waves, etc. Structured waves are crucial in optical and electron microscopy, wave propagation and scattering, imaging, communications, quantum optics, topological and non-Hermitian wave systems, quantum condensed-matter systems, optomechanics, plasmonics and metamaterials, optical and acoustic manipulation, and so forth. This Roadmap is written collectively by prominent researchers and aims to survey the role of structured waves in various areas of wave physics. Providing background, current research, and anticipating future developments, it will be of interest to a wide cross-disciplinary audience.

关键词： structured waves singular optics angular momentum vortex

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The vector-apodizing phase plate coronagraph: design, current performance, and future development

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Doelman, David S. Snik, F. Por, E.H. Bos, S.P. Otten, G.P.P.L. Kenworthy, M. Haffert, S.Y. Wilby, M. Bohn, A.J. Sutlieff, B.J. Miller, K. Ouellet, M. de Boer, J. Keller, C.U. Escuti, M.J. Shi, S. Warriner, N.Z. Hornburg, K.J. Birkby, J.L. Males, J. Morzinski, K.M. Close, L.M. Codona, J. Long, J. Schatz, L. Lumbres, J. Rodack, A. van Gorkom, K. Hedglen, A. Guyon, O. Lozi, J. Groff, T. Chilcote, J. Jovanovic, N. Thibault, S. de Jonge, C. Allain, G. Vallée, C. Patel, D. Côté, O. Marois, C. Hinz, P. Stone, J. Skemer, A. Briesemeister, Z. Boehle, A. Glauser, A.M. Taylor, W. Baudoz, P. Huby, E. Absil, O. Carlomagno, B. Delacroix, C. Leiden Observatory Leiden University P.O. Box 9513 Leiden2300 RA Netherlands Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMD21218 United States Aix Marseille Univ CNRS CNES LAM Marseille France Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 North Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85721 United States Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 Amsterdam1098 XH Netherlands COPL Département de physique génie physique et optique Université Laval 2375 rue de la Terrasse QuebecG1V 0A6 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University RaleighNC27695 United States Department of Physics University of Oxford Denys Wilkinson Building Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom Harvard & Smithsonian | Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden St CambridgeMA02138 United States College of Optical Sciences University of Arizona 1630 E University Blvd TucsonAZ85719 United States 650 North A‘ohōkū Place HiloHI96720 United States Astrobiology Center of NINS 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States Department of Physics University of Notre Dame South BendIN United States Department of Astronomy California Institute of Technology 1200 East California Blvd. PasadenaCA91125 United States SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Landleven 12 Groningen9747AD Netherlands National Research Council of Canada Herzberg 5071 West Saanich Road VictoriaBCV9E 2E7 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Road VictoriaBCV8P 5C2 Canada Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa CruzCA95064 United States Naval Research Laboratory Remote Sensing Division 4555 Overlook Ave. SW WashingtonDC20375 United States Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics ETH Zurich Wolfgang-Paulistr. 27 Zurich8093 Switzerland UK

Over the last decade, the vector-apodizing phase plate (vAPP) coronagraph has been developed from concept to on-sky application in many high-contrast imaging systems on 8-m class telescopes. The vAPP is an geometric-phase patterned coronagraph that is inherently broadband, and its manufacturing is enabled only by direct-write technology for liquid-crystal patterns. The vAPP generates two coronagraphic PSFs that cancel starlight on opposite sides of the point spread function (PSF) and have opposite circular polarization states. The efficiency, that is the amount of light in these PSFs, depends on the retardance offset from half-wave of the liquid-crystal retarder. Using different liquid-crystal recipes to tune the retardance, different vAPPs operate with high efficiencies (> 96%) in the visible and thermal infrared (0.55 µm to 5 µm). Since 2015, seven vAPPs have been installed in a total of six different instruments, including Magellan/MagAO, Magellan/MagAO-X, Subaru/SCExAO, and LBT/LMIRcam. Using two integral field spectrographs installed on the latter two instruments, these vAPPs can provide low-resolution spectra (R∼30) between 1 μm and 5 μm. We review the design process, development, commissioning, on-sky performance, and first scientific results of all commissioned vAPPs. We report on the lessons learned and conclude with perspectives for future developments and applications. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： optical transfer function

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幾丁聚醣、硫酸軟骨素與麩胺酸複合生醫基材之製程探討、性質改良與應用

幾丁聚醣、硫酸軟骨素與麩胺酸複合生醫基材之製程探討、性質改良...

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作者：苑乃義臺灣大學

学位级别：博士

在组织工程研究中，所使用的基材通常须符合基本的要求例如高孔隙度、适当的孔洞大小分布、适合的机械强度与良好的细胞相容性等等。而新型生医材料的发展则是针对特殊的功能和需求进行设计和制造，其趋势乃是结合不同的材料制成复合材... 详细信息

在组织工程研究中，所使用的基材通常须符合基本的要求例如高孔隙度、适当的孔洞大小分布、适合的机械强度与良好的细胞相容性等等。而新型生医材料的发展则是针对特殊的功能和需求进行设计和制造，其趋势乃是结合不同的材料制成复合材料 (composite)，以改善的单一材料的不足。因此，本研究着眼於多孔性的基材制备方法改进与新型复合材料的发展，并进行复合基材的性质测定与细胞的相容性测詴及功能分析。在第一部分的研究中，比较了快速降温 (FC) 或缓慢降温 (SC) 的模式对於以冷冻凝胶法制备多孔状基材所产生的影响，共制备几丁聚醣 (CH)、褐藻胶 (AL) 与羧甲基纤维素 (CMC) 等多醣分子的基材。在FC或SC降温过程中，先测量了溶液的温度变化，之後测定基材机械性质及利用扫描式电子显微镜 (SEM) 与光学显微镜观察基材孔洞的分布。结果发现，过冷现象存在於冷冻过程中，而且采FC模式会诱导较大的温度梯度而使多醣溶液中的水产生非同步成核，造成冰晶方向性排列，进而让基材形成层状的孔洞结构，其孔洞大小较缓慢降温程序为大。改采缓慢降温的SC模式 (0.83 ºC/min) 则可於相同过冷温度下，诱导冰晶同步成核，进而形成等向性及大小较为均匀的孔洞形状与结构分布，孔洞的大小约为60-100 μm。而在基材机械性质的影响方面，以FC模式所制备的基材，其拉伸强度约为20 N/g，改采SC模式所制备之基材的拉伸强度可提高二至三倍 (达到约60 N/g)。这显示出不同降温模式不只会诱导基材生成不同的孔洞结构，还会进一步影响基材的机械性质，并且以SC模式制作的基材整体效能较佳。第二部分的研究的目的在於几丁聚醣、硫酸软骨素 (CS) 及麸胺酸 (Glu) 三成分复合基材的制备与特性之探讨。在配制溶液的过程中以EDC/NHS作为交联接合剂，并测定反应之後溶液的黏度、pH值等。待以冷冻凝胶法将溶液制备成基材後，测量了基材表面的接触角、内部的孔隙ii度、吸水能力与机械性质等，并以SEM观察基材的微结构。研究过程中发现溶液中的CH与CS分子之间离子作用力极强，於高浓度条件下极易发生沉淀。因此加入第三成分—麸胺酸 (Glu)，利用其分子上的羧酸基先行与CH进行反应，减少CH上质子化胺基的存在，以降低CH与CS之间的离子作用力，再以缓慢加入醋酸的方式减少其沉淀产生。由基材的拉伸强度与抗压缩强度之结果显示，少量添加CS增加了CH基材的拉伸强度。然而当CS含量较高时 (CH/CS单体莫耳比小於94/6)，反而不利於CH基材的机械强度。在加入Glu後，CH/CS基材 (莫耳比96/4) 的拉伸强度则会随所加入Glu的含量增加 (CH/CS/Glu莫耳比由96/4/0上升至96/4/16) 而上升 (由150 N/g增加至250 N/g)，抗压强度亦可由143.39 N增加至160.50 N。在接触角与吸水能力的测定结果显示，加入CS与Glu後，CH基材的接触角可由95º降低至50º (92/8/8) 并且吸水能力由15.32倍增加至21.34倍，显示基材的亲水性增加。此外本研究利用化学分析电子能谱仪 (ESCA) 对基材中的元素C、N、O与S进行X光光电子能谱测定，结果中显示纯几丁聚醣的帄均去乙醯化程度约为92%，而经过EDC/NHS的接合作用後，在CH/CS复合基材，会产生C=N共价键结 (N1S能谱)；且其比例在96/4的基材 (29.06%) 高於92/8组 (20.92%)，这说明少量的CS存在可增加CH/CS复合基材的共价交联比例与交联程度，进而增加基材的机械强度。此外，当CS含量较高，基材的磺酸基 (sulfonate，S2P能谱，可与水结合) 的绝对含量较高，使其亲水性较好，与DSC测定结果中束缚水 (bound water) 的波峰随CS含量增加向高温处帄移，以及基材的亲水性随CS含量增加而增加相符。在三成分复合基材 (CH/CS/Glu) 的N1S能谱测定结果中，C=N键结 (398.9 eV) 的比例均高於两成分系统 (CH/CS)，并且其S2P能谱测定结果显示，-SO4-的比例下降，显示加入Glu可有效的增加共价交联及减少CH与CS两成分之间的离子作用，这解释了为何在加入Glu後，基材机械强度高於两成分系统。此外CH/CS/Glu基材中的磺酸基部分亦大量增加，显示加iiI入Glu後可增加复合基材的亲水性，此结果与基材的亲水性测定相符合。而由基材之细胞相容性测定的结果中发现，CS的添加对不同形态细胞的贴附与增生具有不同的影响。少量的CS有助於类骨母细胞的增生。在添加Glu後，除了增进细胞增生外，根据osteocalcin和type I collagen的基因表现结果与钙离子含量的测定，发现亦可增进类骨母细胞的分化与矿化。综而言之，

关键词：幾丁聚醣硫酸軟骨素麩胺酸冷凍凝膠法複合材料組織工程類骨母細胞

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Implementation and first results of the KM3NeT real-time core-collapse supernova neutrino search

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Aiello, S. Albert, A. Alshamsi, M. Alves Garre, S. Aly, Z. Ambrosone, A. Ameli, F. Andre, M. Androulakis, G. Anghinolfi, M. Anguita, M. Ardid, M. Ardid, S. Aublin, J. Bagatelas, C. Baret, B. Basegmez du Pree, S. Bendahman, M. Benfenati, F. Berbee, E. van den Berg, A.M. Bertin, V. Biagi, S. Boettcher, M. Bou Cabo, M. Boumaaza, J. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, M. Bozza, C. Brânzaş, H. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Bruno, R. Buis, E. Buompane, R. Busto, J. Caiffi, B. Calvo, D. Campion, S. Capone, A. Carretero, V. Castaldi, P. Celli, S. Chabab, M. Chau, N. Chen, A. Cherubini, S. Chiarella, V. Chiarusi, T. Circella, M. Cocimano, R. Coelho, J.A.B. Coleiro, A. Colomer Molla, M. Coniglione, R. Coyle, P. Creusot, A. Cruz, A. Cuttone, G. Dallier, R. de Martino, B. Di Palma, I. Díaz, A.F. Diego-Tortosa, D. Distefano, C. Domi, A. Donzaud, C. Dornic, D. Dörr, M. Drouhin, D. Eberl, T. Eddyamoui, A. van Eeden, T. van Eijk, D. El Bojaddaini, I. El Hedri, S. Enzenhöfer, A. Espinosa, V. Fermani, P. Ferrara, G. Filipović, M.D. Filippini, F. Fusco, L.A. Gal, T. García Méndez, J. Garcia Soto, A. Garufi, F. Gatelet, Y. Gatius Oliver, C. Geißelbrecht, N. Gialanella, L. Giorgio, E. Gozzini, S.R. Gracia, R. Graf, K. Grella, G. Guderian, D. Guidi, C. Guillon, B. Gutiérrez, M. Haefner, J. Hallmann, S. Hamdaoui, H. van Haren, H. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, A. Hennig, L. Hernández-Rey, J.J. Hofestädt, J. Huang, F. Idrissi Ibnsalih, W. Illuminati, G. James, C.W. Janezashvili, D. de Jong, M. de Jong, P. Jung, B.J. Kalaczynski, P. Kalekin, O. Katz, U.F. Khan Chowdhury, N.R. Kistauri, G. van der Knaap, F. Kooijman, P. Kouchner, A. Kulikovskiy, V. Labalme, M. Lahmann, R. Lamoureux, M. Larosa, G. Lastoria, C. Lazo, A. Le Breton, R. Le Stum, S. Lehaut, G. Leonardi, O. Leone, F. Leonora, E. Lessing, N. Levi, G. Lincetto, Massimiliano Lindsey Clark, M. Lipreau, T. LLorens Alvarez, C. Longhitano, F. Lopez-Coto, D. Maderer, L. Majumdar, J. Manczak, J. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, A. Markou, C. INFN Sezione di Catania Via Santa Sofia 64 Catania95123 Italy Université de Strasbourg CNRS IPHC UMR 7178 StrasbourgF-67000 France Université de Paris CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75013 France c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 Valencia Paterna46980 Spain Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy Università di Napoli "Federico II" Dip. Scienze Fisiche "E. Pancini" Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 2 Roma00185 Italy Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Laboratori d’Aplicacions Bioacústiques Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú Avda. Rambla Exposició s/n Vilanova i la Geltrú 08800 Spain NCSR Demokritos Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics Ag. Paraskevi Attikis Athens 15310 Greece INFN Sezione di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova16146 Italy University of Granada Dept. of Computer Architecture and Technology/CITIC Granada18071 Spain Universitat Politècnica de València Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de las Zonas Costeras C/ Paranimf 1 Gandia46730 Spain Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics PO Box 41882 Amsterdam1009 DB Netherlands University Mohammed V in Rabat Faculty of Sciences 4 av. Ibn Battouta B.P. 1014 R.P Rabat10000 Morocco INFN Sezione di Bologna v.le C. Berti-Pichat 6/2 Bologna40127 Italy Università di Bologna Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia v.le C. Berti-Pichat 6/2 Bologna40127 Italy KVI-CART University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Via S. Sofia 62 Catania95123 Italy North-West University Centre for Space Research Private Bag X6001 Potchefstroom2520 South Africa Instituto Español de Oceanografía Unidad Mixta IEO-UPV C/ Paranimf 1 Gandia46730 Spain University Mohammed I Faculty of Sciences BV Mohammed VI B.P. 717 R

The KM3NeT research infrastructure is under construction in the Mediterranean Sea. KM3NeT will study atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos with two multi-purpose neutrino detectors, ARCA and ORCA, primarily aimed at GeV–PeV neutrinos. Thanks to the multi-photomultiplier tube design of the digital optical modules, KM3NeT is capable of detecting the neutrino burst from a Galactic or near-Galactic core-collapse supernova. This potential is already exploitable with the first detection units deployed in the sea. This paper describes the real-time implementation of the supernova neutrino search, operating on the two KM3NeT detectors since the first months of 2019. A quasi-online astronomy analysis is introduced to study the time profile of the detected neutrinos for especially significant events. The mechanism of generation and distribution of alerts, as well as the integration into the SNEWS and SNEWS 2.0 global alert systems are described. The approach for the follow-up of external alerts with a search for a neutrino excess in the archival data is defined. Finally, an overview of the current detector capabilities and a report after the first two years of operation are given. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neutrons

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Frequency-Dependent Squeezed Vacuum Source for the Advanced Virgo Gravitational-Wave Detector

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第4期131卷 041403-041403页

作者： F. Acernese M. Agathos A. Ain S. Albanesi C. Alléné A. Allocca A. Amato C. Amra M. Andia T. Andrade N. Andres M. Andrés-Carcasona T. Andrić S. Ansoldi S. Antier T. Apostolatos E. Z. Appavuravther M. Arène N. Arnaud M. Assiduo S. Assis de Souza Melo P. Astone F. Aubin S. Babak F. Badaracco S. Bagnasco J. Baird T. Baka G. Ballardin G. Baltus B. Banerjee P. Barneo F. Barone M. Barsuglia D. Barta A. Basti M. Bawaj M. Bazzan F. Beirnaert M. Bejger V. Benedetto M. Berbel S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini U. Bhardwaj A. Bianchi M. Bilicki S. Bini M. Bischi M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard F. Bobba M. Boër G. Bogaert G. Boileau M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena R. Bondarescu F. Bondu R. Bonnand V. Boschi V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia M. Braglia M. Branchesi M. Breschi T. Briant A. Brillet J. Brooks G. Bruno F. Bucci O. Bulashenko T. Bulik H. J. Bulten R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy G. Cabras R. Cabrita G. Cagnoli E. Calloni M. Canepa G. Caneva Santoro M. Cannavacciuolo E. Capocasa G. Carapella F. Carbognani M. Carpinelli G. Carullo J. Casanueva Diaz C. Casentini S. Caudill R. Cavalieri G. Cella P. Cerdá-Durán E. Cesarini W. Chaibi P. Chanial E. Chassande-Mottin S. Chaty P. Chessa F. Chiadini G. Chiarini R. Chierici A. Chincarini M. L. Chiofalo A. Chiummo N. Christensen S. Chua G. Ciani P. Ciecielag M. Cieślar M. Cifaldi R. Ciolfi S. Clesse F. Cleva E. Coccia E. Codazzo P.-F. Cohadon A. Colombo M. Colpi L. Conti I. Cordero-Carrión S. Corezzi S. Cortese J.-P. Coulon J.-F. Coupechoux M. Croquette J. R. Cudell E. Cuoco M. Curyło P. Dabadie T. Dal Canton S. Dall’Osso G. Dálya B. D’Angelo G. Dangoisse S. Danilishin S. D’Antonio V. Dattilo M. Davier J. Degallaix M. De Laurentis S. Deléglise F. De Lillo D. Dell’Aquila W. Del Pozzo F. De Matteis A. Depasse R. De Pietri R. De Rosa C. De Rossi R. De Simone L. Di Fiore C. Di Giorgio F. Di Giovanni M. Di Giovanni T. Di Girolamo D. Diksha A. Di Lieto A. Di Michele J. Ding S. Di Pace I. Di Palma F. Di Renzo L. D’Onofrio T. Dooney O. Dorosh M. Drago J.-G. Ducoin U. Dupletsa O Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli I-80126 Napoli Italy Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules - IN2P3 F-74000 Annecy France Università di Napoli “Federico II” I-80126 Napoli Italy Maastricht University 6200 MD Maastricht Netherlands Nikhef 1098 XG Amsterdam Netherlands Institut Fresnel Faculté des Sciences St Jérôme Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen F-13013 Marseille France Université Paris-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3 IJCLab 91405 Orsay France Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) carrer Martí i Franquès 1 08028 Barcelona Spain Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology and ICREA E-08193 Barcelona Spain Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) I-67100 L’Aquila Italy Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche Informatiche e Fisiche Università di Udine I-33100 Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Trieste I-34127 Trieste Italy Université Côte d’Azur Observatoire Côte d’Azur CNRS Artemis F-06304 Nice France Department of Physics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens 15771 Ilissia Greece INFN Sezione di Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy Università di Camerino I-62032 Camerino Italy Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie F-75013 Paris France European Gravitational Observatory (EGO) I-56021 Cascina Pisa Italy Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo” I-61029 Urbino Italy INFN Sezione di Firenze I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze Italy INFN Sezione di Roma I-00185 Roma Italy Université catholique de Louvain B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP) Utrecht Universi

In this Letter, we present the design and performance of the frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum source that will be used for the broadband quantum noise reduction of the Advanced Virgo Plus gravitational-wave detector in the upcoming observation run. The frequency-dependent squeezed field is generated by a phase rotation of a frequency-independent squeezed state through a 285 m long, high-finesse, near-detuned optical resonator. With about 8.5 dB of generated squeezing, up to 5.6 dB of quantum noise suppression has been measured at high frequency while close to the filter cavity resonance frequency, the intracavity losses limit this value to about 2 dB. Frequency-dependent squeezing is produced with a rotation frequency stability of about 6 Hz rms, which is maintained over the long term. The achieved results fulfill the frequency dependent squeezed vacuum source requirements for Advanced Virgo Plus. With the current squeezing source, considering also the estimated squeezing degradation induced by the interferometer, we expect a reduction of the quantum shot noise and radiation pressure noise of up to 4.5 dB and 2 dB, respectively.

关键词： Gravitation Gravitational waves Gravitational wave detectors

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