Summary form only given. iiI-Nitride semiconductor-based Deep UV (DUV) LEDs are emerging as an enabling technology for diverse military, homeland security, industrial and commercial markets and space exploration. Curr...
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Summary form only given. iiI-Nitride semiconductor-based Deep UV (DUV) LEDs are emerging as an enabling technology for diverse military, homeland security, industrial and commercial markets and space exploration. current technology allows to fabricate AlGaN-based DUV LEDs with wall-plug efficiency (WPE) between 1-2%, which is substantially lower that WPE for visible and near UV LEDs. Significant R&D efforts are under way, including DARPA's “Compact Mid-Ultraviolet Technology” (CMUVT) program, to improve materials quality, device fabrication and light extraction to increase WPE of DUV LEDs by more than order of magnitude. We will present an overview of our latest developments in the development of DUV LED technology with the main focus on novel device designs to increase quantum efficiency and improve UV light extraction and reliability of devices emitting in the range of 230 nm 340 nm. Novel QW design has been implemented to suppress polarization effects and phonon engineering approach to increase electron trapping in the active layer of the devices. Very narrow (; 0.4 eV) quantum wells were used to suppress Stark effect and increase radiative recombination. Active region of DUV LEDs was embedded inside a deep potential well (larger than the energy of optical phonon) to increase electron-LO phonon scattering and accelerate cooling of hot injected electrons. This allowed us to increase electron capture into the active region without using conventional electron "blocking layer" commonly used in visible LEDs We developed and incorporated UV-transparent p-type cladding layers to reduce optical losses due to strong absorption in the top p-AlGaN cladding layer and p+-AlGaN or p+-GaN contact layers. Combination with new type of ohmic contact reflecting in DUV spectral range allowed us to significantly improve light extraction and increase output power of DUV LEDs by 2 times in the range of 275 nm - 300 nm and 2.5 times in the range from 310 nm to 340 nm. Improved quality o
This paper presents a capacitor selector software tool for a proper on-board Power Distribution Network (PDN) design in those high-speed applications which have strict requirements on voltage noise up to the first hun...
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This paper presents a capacitor selector software tool for a proper on-board Power Distribution Network (PDN) design in those high-speed applications which have strict requirements on voltage noise up to the first hundreds of megahertz. current commercial tools for PDN design only offer a manual choice of the capacitor value and their number simulating the board impedance profile. This manual resolution becomes very hard when the design has high power consumption and noise requirements are very strict. The aim of this software is to solve a basic on-board PDN design minimizing the number of "change simulate-analyze" iterations that have to be carried out in the manual PDN design. This software, PDN designer, uses the FDTIM method introducing some design specifications. Thus, it offers an on board PDN design with low number of capacitors, reducing space on board and total cost. A particular case of PDN design using PDN designer will be shown for a module using multigigabit optical connectors connected to an Altera Stratix ii GX FPGA. This board is working with data rates of 75 Gbps for a high-energy physics application. Results of PDN designer for this board are introduced in Cadence Allegro SPB 16.2 PI tool, obtaining an impedance profile that meets noise specifications and validates the PDN design.
The Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) is part of the science instrumentation for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The FGS is required to operate at 37 K and provide the data needed to facilitate fine pointing and attit...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819482822
The Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) is part of the science instrumentation for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The FGS is required to operate at 37 K and provide the data needed to facilitate fine pointing and attitude stabilization necessary to meet the requirements of the mission's science and engineering operations. We describe here the selection of the proper opticaldesign form to meet requirements and its relative merits. The FGS has progressed with the successful completion of several key design reviews. The opticaldesign of the current stage will be discussed here in detail.
A lens design having constant working distance while having variable recording depth for micro holographic data storage system has been proposed. Variation of focal length is suppressed for the entire depth within 1% ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819482822
A lens design having constant working distance while having variable recording depth for micro holographic data storage system has been proposed. Variation of focal length is suppressed for the entire depth within 1% which enables focusing and tracking servoing without changing servo parameters.
This paper discusses a method to characterize feathering and determine feathering quality. The characterization is based upon the change of the color coordinate across the transition region. "Feathering" of ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819482822
This paper discusses a method to characterize feathering and determine feathering quality. The characterization is based upon the change of the color coordinate across the transition region. "Feathering" of an optical coating is the gradual taper, without any discernible boundary, from a coated to uncoated region. There can be various reasons why a thin film optical coating may not be applied to the entire surface of a see-through article. Feathering is necessary when the viewer, looking through a transmissive element, is focused on the far-field and would be distracted by a coating boundary which redirects focus to the near field. Done incorrectly, feathering may produce visible artifacts which are ineffective and objectionable to the user. Examples are provided.
In order to determine the vibration effects on performance in optical system, a simple vibratory model is proposed. The model suggested is compared with FE model. Both models are validated by modal tests for an existi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819482822
In order to determine the vibration effects on performance in optical system, a simple vibratory model is proposed. The model suggested is compared with FE model. Both models are validated by modal tests for an existing simple optical system. The material properties of adhesive, which play an imported role in the vibratory model of an optical system, are found experimentally by using a simple test setup. The model suggested is used to investigate the dynamic behavior of the optical system under random vibration load conditions. It is concluded in this study that the analytical model suggested can successfully be used in preliminary design stage of simple optical systems when optical housing and lens behave rigidly in the frequency range of interest.
Although several applications of machine vision and biomedical imaging ask for the close-up imaging of extended object fields, only few, mostly bulky solutions exist. We demonstrate the opticaldesign and realization ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819482822
Although several applications of machine vision and biomedical imaging ask for the close-up imaging of extended object fields, only few, mostly bulky solutions exist. We demonstrate the opticaldesign and realization of an ultra-compact close-up imaging system with unity magnification. It uses a multi-aperture approach in order to shorten its total track length to less than 4 mm while achieving a large field of view. The system is made of a stack of several two-dimensional arrays of refractive microlenses. The potential of this setup lies in the combination of digital imaging with microoptical fabrication techniques leading to thin optical components which can be directly attached to an image sensor. Hence, these systems fit into tight spaces and they achieve a high resolution without scanning.
The paper presents the mathematical technique for calculation of the diffraction depth of focus of an optical system of a widefield microscope. The proposed technique applies the Rayleigh criterion based on evaluation...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819482822
The paper presents the mathematical technique for calculation of the diffraction depth of focus of an optical system of a widefield microscope. The proposed technique applies the Rayleigh criterion based on evaluation of the wave aberration appeared due to defocus in a high aperture optical system. The maximal value of a linear approximation of the defocus wave aberration is used to define the depth of focus. It is proven that in optical systems with numerical aperture higher than 0.5 have the diffraction depth of focus 25 - 40% smaller than the widely known formula defines. This fact is important for implementation of autofocus and digital focus extension algorithms. The non-sophisticated formula for calculation of the depth of focus is proposed. The results of experimental measurements of the depth of focus are presented and discussed.
Achromatic doublet theory is recast for the 1-2.5 mu m short-wavelength infrared band, suggesting the desirability of combining barium fluoride with specific high index optical glasses having large differences in prim...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819482822
Achromatic doublet theory is recast for the 1-2.5 mu m short-wavelength infrared band, suggesting the desirability of combining barium fluoride with specific high index optical glasses having large differences in primary SWIR dispersion and small differences in partial SWIR dispersion. Candidate combinations of materials are screened empirically using the performance of optimized f/3 airspaced achromatic doublets employing barium fluoride as the positive element. Polychromatic RMS geometric image spot sizes appear to increase quadratically with difference in partial SWIR dispersion between barium fluoride and the complementary glasses. Examples of complex (fast, wide field) systems demonstrate the utility of the most promising combinations.
Super mirror is a high reflectance mirror with very low absorption and scattering losses. We carefully measured the surface roughness of Zerodur substrate using phase shift interferometer and atomic force microscope, ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819482822
Super mirror is a high reflectance mirror with very low absorption and scattering losses. We carefully measured the surface roughness of Zerodur substrate using phase shift interferometer and atomic force microscope, and compared it with the scattering of the mirror. The absorption of the mirror was measured by cavity ring-down method, and its results were correlated to the thin film structure. To avoid the UV degradation which comes from the He-Ne plasma, we carefully select the mirror fabrication material, and design the high reflectance mirror. Finally, mirror was fabricated by ion beam sputtering method and its optical properties were measured.
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