An overview of optical systems utilized in JPL's optical Communications research is provided here. These include discussions on the flight terminal optics, the ground receiver aperture and the uplink beacon or com...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
An overview of optical systems utilized in JPL's optical Communications research is provided here. These include discussions on the flight terminal optics, the ground receiver aperture and the uplink beacon or command optical system. On-going efforts on these and beam-coupling techniques will be described.
The display of 3D images containing all the depth cues required by the human vision system can be achieved using a reconfigurable Computer Generated Hologram (CGH) with high pixel count. A technique which has been dev...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
The display of 3D images containing all the depth cues required by the human vision system can be achieved using a reconfigurable Computer Generated Hologram (CGH) with high pixel count. A technique which has been developed to produce CGH's with the required number of pixels, and at video refresh rates, is known as Active Tiling((TM)) (AT). At the heart of an AT system is a set of replication optics which produces multiple images of a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) onto the CGH. The design of two alternative optical systems for generating a 5x5 tiled array of de-magnified images of a single object is discussed. Results are presented from a 4-channel AT system which has recently been built and demonstrated.
With the increasing sensor development, smart sensor, advanced sensor, and intelligent sensor, especially, distributed sensors, sensor network and sensor integration are being taken into account for application of our...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
With the increasing sensor development, smart sensor, advanced sensor, and intelligent sensor, especially, distributed sensors, sensor network and sensor integration are being taken into account for application of our environmental monitoring and Earth source investigation. This paper investigates the development of sensors in Earth observing (EO) satellites, analyzes the current high-resolution EO satellites and presents the direction of new imaging systems in future Earth observing satellite. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to those who are interested in knowing and keeping track of the details of the imaging system of earth observing satellites.
Injection molded optics are frequently applied in many high volume applications. Bar code scanners.. CD / DVD systems, CMOS cameras are a few examples. In all of these applications cost effective and fast design cycle...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
Injection molded optics are frequently applied in many high volume applications. Bar code scanners.. CD / DVD systems, CMOS cameras are a few examples. In all of these applications cost effective and fast design cycles are essential. At Philips High Tech Plastics we developed a design system that touches on all different aspects of the system design. Starting with traditional lens design (sequential ray tracing) and tolerancing we transport the initial design into mechanical solid modeling. During mechanical modeling, tolerances, injection molding design rules and integration of mechanical features, reference marks, etc. are incorporated as well. Here the full advantage of injection molding can be utilized. After the opto - mechanical modeling the system is ported back to non - sequential ray tracing for ghost - and stray light analysis. Finally extended tolerancing is performed in order to come to a robust high volume product. If necessary all or several steps in this design process are repeated in order to arrive at the final design. As an additional requirement the metrology possibilities for the design are checked at an early stage. This integral system approach to opticaldesign, including optical modeling (sequential and non-sequential) combined with mechanical solid modeling is presented using some recent examples.
We present a new suggestion for treating skew rays. In the new suggestion. we hypothetically divide a spherical lens. at each point of intersection of the incident rays with the spherical lens. into two effective perp...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
We present a new suggestion for treating skew rays. In the new suggestion. we hypothetically divide a spherical lens. at each point of intersection of the incident rays with the spherical lens. into two effective perpendicular lengthless cylindrical lenses. One of the hypothetical cylindrical lenses is effective in the vertical direction while the other is effective in the horizontal direction. A method is given for calculating the resulted vertical and horizontal angles of refraction. After calculating these angles one can combine. at that point of incidence. the two components into a vector sum to find the resultant refracted ray. The new suggested method is first discussed and demonstrated for one single lens. and then generalized to optical systems of many components. The method's power and effectiveness in lens and optical systems design is demonstrated. A software package is designed and written for the purpose of optical ray tracing. The new method is implemented in this software. The name we gave to this package is "CALOSD". CALOSD is an acronym for Computer Aided Lens and optical Systems design. CALOSD is capable of producing very accurate tabulated data as well as graphical displays of an optical system and rays traced from different points or angles of view: including a top view.
The design of critical automotive lamp reflectors, e.g. headlamps and fog lamps, is dominated by trial-and-error methods and rules-of-thumb, supported by optical ray-tracing tools like ASAP etc. In many cases these re...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
The design of critical automotive lamp reflectors, e.g. headlamps and fog lamps, is dominated by trial-and-error methods and rules-of-thumb, supported by optical ray-tracing tools like ASAP etc. In many cases these reflectors are designed by aiming small sections to construct the required illumination distribution, which is a time-consuming task and in which case it is very difficult to maintain a continuous reflector surface. The design method presented here is a more structured approach in which the total available front surface is divided in a few relatively large sections, each section designated to produce a certain part of the required light distribution. An optimizing algorithm is used to optimize the separate polynomial reflector sections in combination with a specific burner. In the final step, the separate sections are put together to form a more-or-less continuous reflector surface. Some iteration afterwards is still required because the intersection lines of the polynomial surfaces will generally change the original section boundaries. The design of a front fog reflector lamp is used as a carrier to demonstrate the approach. Three reflector sections are used to design a high-efficiency fog lamp. The light distribution has an excellent horizontal cut-off that basically meets the SAE requirements.
This paper provides an overview of the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) and its mission, as a part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS). The design of the re-imaging system and its detectors and the test...
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This paper provides an overview of the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) and its mission, as a part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS). The design of the re-imaging system and its detectors and the test set-up used to characterize the field of view response will be presented. Measured system optical response profiles will be presented for each of the four infrared spectral bands (3.5-5.3, 5.1-9.1, 8.3-12.2 and 11.1 - 15.4 μ) supported by TES. Specific emphasis will be placed upon the comparison of these measured optical response functions with the results of an analytic model of the response. The model includes a simple yet accurate representation of the detector response function, which includes the photo-generated electron's diffusion length.
The National Ignition Facility (NIF) requested an optical diagnostic for measuring shock velocities, shock breakout times, and shock emission of objects with sizes of I to 10 mm. For the polar port of the target chamb...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
The National Ignition Facility (NIF) requested an optical diagnostic for measuring shock velocities, shock breakout times, and shock emission of objects with sizes of I to 10 mm. For the polar port of the target chamber, an 8-inch triplet lens collects light at f/3 inside a 30-foot-diameter vacuum chamber and uses an optical relay to send the image into two interferometers located at a distance of 160 feet. Light propagates through a VISAR (Velocity Interferometry System for Any Reflector) interferometer employing a Mach-Zehnder configuration. After exiting the interferometers the images are recorded, both by streak cameras and CCD gated imagers. Discrete magnification changes are accomplished by swapping out optical elements. Large dove prisms are used to rotate the image to align a selected region of the object with the slits of the streak cameras. Unique mounting structures are required to remotely control the alignment of the optical axis. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was performed on all mounting structures. The first 8-inch triplet can be no closer than 500 mm from the target chamber center and is protected by a blast window that has to be replaced after every event. The first several lens groups have to be fused silica for radiation resistance. A frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser, operating at 659.5 nm, is used to illuminate the moving object. The VISAR laser wavelength had to be different than the first, second, and third harmonics of the NIF drive lasers.
The aim of this work is to present a customized simulation tool for analysis and design of Sagnac loop TOAD's. Basically, we present a fast and versatile tool to emulate the behavior of some key design parameters ...
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The aim of this work is to present a customized simulation tool for analysis and design of Sagnac loop TOAD's. Basically, we present a fast and versatile tool to emulate the behavior of some key design parameters like those found on non-linear elements, splitters, fiber delay line among others. After proper optimization, we use two different wavelengths for the control and signal hyperbolic secant pulses. Additionally, a band-pass filter is used to guarantee the transmission of signal pulses only. Furthermore, we analyze a bit to bit all optical demultiplexer, where one channel is extracted from a 64bit frame at 10Gbps transmission rate, and extend the implementation to work at 100Gbps. SNR better than 22dB are achieved with control pulse energy on the order of 200fJ and SOA bias current of 150mA. A degradation of SNR of about 17dB was verified for a variation of splitter coupling factor around 20%.
This review examines recent developments in low-dimensional semiconductor devices and their impact on modalities for optical Tomography. The current state-of-the-art in semiconductor optoelectronic materials is taken ...
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