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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering V

作者： Hadaway, JB Reardon, PJ Univ Alabama Ctr Appl Opt Huntsville AL 35899 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454613

The design & tolerancing of an optical testing system (OTS) presents a unique set of challenges not generally encountered during the typical optical design process. The authors have spent the past six years developing and using a series of optical systems designed to measure the surface figure & radius-of-curvature of various ultra-lightweight mirrors at 30 K. These mirrors were part of a technology development program to support NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The design of these systems required consideration of the following: (i) potentially large figure errors in the test mirror (due to gravity sag & cryo-distortion), (ii) cryo-shrinkage of the aperture and radius-of-curvature, (iii) figure changes due to the use of mirror actuators, and (iv) vibration between the OTS & the test mirror. In addition, an exhaustive tolerancing process was required for each system in order to reach a set of alignment tolerances that were achievable using the equipment available and within the test environment. The authors found many aspects of the OTS design process to be significantly different from the norm;at the same time, however, viewing the process as a typical optical design problem often-times brought clarification. This paper will describe both the differences and the similarities observed between the design of an OTS as opposed to a traditional imaging system.

关键词： optical design tolerancing optical testing cryogenic

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optical design for imaging spectroscopy

Optical design for imaging spectroscopy

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering IV

作者： Mouroulis, P Green, RO CALTECH Jet Prop Lab Pasadena CA 91109 USA

design examples are given for imaging spectrometer systems operating in the solar reflected spectrum. design considerations and procedures are outlined for incoherently and coherently coupled systems. The case of a pa... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819450464

关键词： optical design imaging spectroscopy concentric spectrometers convex/concave gratings

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Linear wavelength spectrometer

Linear wavelength spectrometer

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering ii

作者： Thibault, S INO Opt Engn Div St Foy PQ G1P 4S4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819441554

Generally, a spectrometer uses a diffraction grating to spread the spectral components of a light incident on the diffraction grating on a one-dimensional detector. The detector is composed of pixels linearly distributed along a line. However, the diffracted light is not spread linearly on the detector which means that the Wavelength on pixel I is not linearly correlated with the wavelength on pixel 2. The resolution is therefore not constant for all the spectral range of the spectrometer. To know which pixel corresponds to which wavelength, a nonlinear calibration process must be applied to get a linear relation between the diffracted light position and the wavelength of this light. The new spectrometer that we present uses a special lens configuration name F-sin(theta) lens to provide a linear relation in the image plane between the pixel position and the wavelength of the light. The f-sin(theta) characteristic is defined as the difference in percent between the design position of the wavelength in the image plane and its ideal position, if the lens is perfect. The characteristic of the lens used in the spectrometer is better than 0.1%. The concept can also be used for WDM and DWDM applications.

关键词： spectrometer WDM DWDM distortion optical design guided optics

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optical design and tolerances of wide field imagers for astronomical survey

Optical design and tolerances of wide field imagers for astr...

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering IV

作者： Thibault, S Lacoursière, J Doucet, M Wang, M Reecht, J INO St Foy PQ G1P 4S4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819450464

We present three designs and tolerances of wide-field imagers (30x30 arc-minutes or larger) for astronomical surveying. Two infrared cameras (CPAPIR and PANORAMIX ii) were designed for the 0.8-2.4 mum band and a third one (WIRCAM) for the visible and near-infrared band extending from 410 nm to 950 nm. The cameras are installed on the telescopes of the Canada-France-Hawaii (Hawaii, USA) and Mont Megantic Observatories (Quebec, Canada). The three cameras are compact, use only spherical refractive components and have an internal pupil accessible for insertion of filtering components. A Lyot stop must be used in the infrared camera for background rejection. For PANORAMIX ii, a set of filters is used at the internal pupil. Correction of the large off-axis aberrations generated by the telescopes, wide spectral coverage, material choices, cryogenic temperature and alignment were the main design challenges. Also, tolerancing was particularly critical for the infrared cameras because they are cryogenically cooled, thus forbidding adjustment of internal components. The cameras theoretical performances are presented in terms of point-spread function, encircled energy and distortion.

关键词： optical design wide field focal reducer broadband astronomical survey catadioptric

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Mechanical fabrication of precision microlenses on optical fiber endfaces

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optical engineering 2005年第12期44卷 123402-1-123402页

作者： Milton, G Gharbia, Y Katupitiya, J Univ New S Wales Sch Mech & Mfg Engn Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

We present a purely mechanical means of producing highly concentric spherical lenses at the endfaces of optical fibers. The production process has two stages. First, conical lenses are produced in a grinding process that ensures excellent concentricity. Then, the conical lenses are transformed to spherical lenses using a novel process called loose abrasive blasting. The cone grinding is carried out on a microgrinding machine, which has a sophisticated control system that enables the production of precision conical lenses. The blasting is carried out on a diamond blasting machine. Plots showing automatic centering performance of the microgrinding machine and scanning electron microscopy images of the conical and spherical lenses are presented. (c) 2005 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers.

关键词： microlens optical fiber endface cone grinding

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design of a reflective/diffractive hybrid optical system

Design of a reflective/diffractive hybrid optical system

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Conference on current developments in optical design and engineering Vii

作者： Shen, MZ Guo, YH Lu, ZK Chinese Acad Sci Inst Opt & Elect Chengdu 610209 Peoples R China

In this paper we describe the design of a reflective / diffractive hybrid optical system, which features no obscuration, re-imagining system with 100% cold shield efficiency, 4 degrees of field of view, near diffracti... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819428841

关键词： infrared optical systems optical design hybrid optical system

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Balancing detector effects with aberrations in the design of wide-field grazing incidence x-ray telescopes

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optical engineering 2006年第6期45卷 063003-1-063003页

作者： Harvey, James E. Atanassova, Martina Krywonos, Andrey Univ Cent Florida CREOL Orlando FL 32826 USA

Most imaging systems today include a mosaic detector array in the focal plane. optical designers of astronomical telescopes typically produce a design that yields a superb on-axis aerial image in the focal plane, and detector effects are included only in the analysis of the final system performance. Aplanatic optical designs (corrected for spherical aberration and coma) are widely considered to be superior to nonaplanatic designs. However, there is little merit in an aplanatic design for wide-field applications because one needs to optimize some field-weighted-average measure of resolution over the desired operational field of view (OFOV). Furthermore, when used with a mosaic detector array in the focal plane, detector effects eliminate the advantage of the aplanatic design even at small field angles. For wide fields of view, the focal plane is frequently despaced to balance field curvature with defocus thus obtaining better overall performance. We will demonstrate that including detector effects in the optical design process results in a different optimal (nonaplanatic) design for each OFOV that is even superior to an optimally despaced aplanatic design. (c) 2006 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers.

关键词： detector effects wide-field imaging systems grazing incidence x-ray telescopes

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PRELIMINARY-STUDY OF THE ADMITTANCE DIAGRAM AS A USEFUL TOOL IN THE design OF STRIPLINE COMPONENTS AT MICROWAVE-FREQUENCIES

PRELIMINARY-STUDY OF THE ADMITTANCE DIAGRAM AS A USEFUL TOOL...

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5TH CONF ON current developments IN optical design AND optical engineering

作者： FRANCK, CC FRANCK, JB Western Space and Missile Ctr. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819406554

It has been shown that the Admittance Diagram along with the Quarterwave Rule can be used in the design and characterization of optical thin film coatings. However, this same tool may be utilized in the design and characterization of some microwave components as well. A simple design example of a Wilkinson power divider is presented to illustrate the utility of this optical technique for microwave circuit design and analysis.

关键词： Thin films Microwave radiation Phase shifts Reflectivity optical design Glasses optical engineering Multilayers Refractive index Thin film coatings

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Advances of surface-enhanced Raman and IR spectroscopies: from nano/microstructures to macro-optical design

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第9期10卷 1588-1606页

作者： Hai-Long Wang En-Ming You Rajapandiyan Panneerselvam Song-Yuan Ding Zhong-Qun Tian State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Department of Chemistry SRM University-APAmaravathiAndhra PradeshIndia

Raman and infrared(IR)spectroscopy are powerful analytical techniques,but have intrinsically low detection *** have been three major steps(i)to advance the optical system of the light excitation,collection,and detection since 1920s,(ii)to utilize nanostructure-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)and surface-enhanced infrared absorption(SEIRA)since 1990s,and(iii)to rationally couple(i)and(ii)for maximizing the total detection sensitivity since *** surveying the history of SERS and SEIRA,we outline the principle of plasmonics and the different mechanisms of SERS and *** describe various interactions of light with nano/microstructures,localized surface plasmon,surface plasmon polariton,and lightning-rod *** coupling effects can significantly increase the surface sensitivity by designing nanoparticle–nanoparticle and nanoparticle–substrate *** the nano/microstructures have specific optical near-field and far-field behaviors,we focus on how to systematically design the macro-optical systems to maximize the excitation efficiency and detection *** enumerate the key optical designs in particular ATR-based operation modes of directional excitation and emission from visible to IR spectral *** also present some latest advancements on scanning-probe microscopy-based nanoscale ***,prospects and further developments of this field are given with emphasis on emerging techniques and methodologies.

关键词： surface excitation utilize

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ALIGNMENT SENSITIVITIES OF THE CONJUGATE NULL TEST 4

ALIGNMENT SENSITIVITIES OF THE CONJUGATE NULL TEST

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Conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering IV

作者： STAHL, HP HUGHES DANBURY OPT SYST DANBURYCT 06810

The conjugate null test is commonly used to test surface errors of conic mirrors. Unfortunately, its accuracy is limited by rigid body misalignment errors. This paper derives the misalignment aberrations for these err... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819415871

关键词： ALIGNMENT ABERRATIONS optical TESTING NULL TESTS CONJUGATE NULL TEST CONIC MIRROR

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