The objective of this paper is to report the recent developments in lightweight mirror technology that have occurred at Composite Optics, Incorporated (COI). The developments occurred as a result of the activities bei...
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The objective of this paper is to report the recent developments in lightweight mirror technology that have occurred at Composite Optics, Incorporated (COI). The developments occurred as a result of the activities being conducted in support of the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST), Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), and Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Programs. Our sponsors on these programs are the Marshall and Goddard Space Flight Centers and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The requirements, design approach, actual performance, and the technology status for each program are summarized in the following sections. The emergence of composite designs provides exciting potential for nontraditional, accurate, lightweight, stable, stiff, and high strength composite mirrors. This evolving technology promises significant improvement in reducing weight, cost and cycle time for future infrared, visible, and x-ray systems. Customers currently embracing composite mirror technology for radiometric use are already reaping substantial system performance benefits. Other customers interested in LIDAR, IR, visible, and grazing incidence x-ray applications are eagerly awaiting successful completion of current technology development and demonstration efforts.
A new optical computation method for the monitoring of chemical reactions requires filters with spectral transmittance curves that vary in a complicated way with wavelength. In this paper we consider the design of two...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819425559
A new optical computation method for the monitoring of chemical reactions requires filters with spectral transmittance curves that vary in a complicated way with wavelength. In this paper we consider the design of two different sets of filters, one of which could be used to predict the degree of curing of a polymer from an analysis of its Raman spectra. The problem is not easy because the required filters have sharp spectral features in a narrow spectral region. Two different design methods are used. The performance of one set designed by conventional means is very close to the specifications. However, current thin film deposition methods are probably incapable of producing filters of such thickness. The second solution is based on the use of several filters placed in series. It should be possible to implement this particular solution, but its performance is not nearly as good. Nevertheless, calculations indicate that this filter pair should also result in a satisfactory control of the curing process.
The use of holographic optical elements (HOEs) in conjunction with LCDs to make high performance economical autostereoscopic displays is a new and promising development, The very first demonstrators showed that the te...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819424234
The use of holographic optical elements (HOEs) in conjunction with LCDs to make high performance economical autostereoscopic displays is a new and promising development, The very first demonstrators showed that the technique can be used to produce very good quality 3D and 2D images, Our current work is directed at improving performance and exploring other opportunities opened up by the basic concept, These include improved opticaldesign of the HOE and, possibility of using LEDs as light sources and that of using the HOE to generate 3D an at the same time provide colour separation to allow the display of full colour images on a monochrome LCD without the use of conventional colour filters. In addition the use of this technology to display two or more images on the LCD such that two viewers will each see different images on the one display.
An optical configuration for a new laser supported eddy current sensor was developed and tested. In the arrangement the induction of eddy currents is conventionally performed with an an excitation coil above the objec...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819425184
An optical configuration for a new laser supported eddy current sensor was developed and tested. In the arrangement the induction of eddy currents is conventionally performed with an an excitation coil above the object under test. For the detection of the magnetic field a suitable crystal, which is integrated in the excitation coil, in combination with a detection laser beam running parallel to the axis of the coil is used. In the presence of a magnetic field, the Faraday-effect in this crystal leads to a rotation of the polarisation of the detection laser beam. With the help of a suitable optical arrangement this rotation of the laser polarisation is transformed in a change of light intensity, which is analysed by a photodiode. The special advantage of this arrangement is, that by a focusing of the detection laser beam a measurement of the magnetic field with a high spatial resolution can be achieved. In this paper the basic physics and the design of the sensor will be described. First results of experimental investigations concerning the resolution power will be presented and compared with conventional eddy current sensors.
It has become clear that in order for lidar technologies to gain wider acceptance outside the research community, they must be smaller, less expensive, and more autonomous. ERIM International has conducted a design st...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819425494
It has become clear that in order for lidar technologies to gain wider acceptance outside the research community, they must be smaller, less expensive, and more autonomous. ERIM International has conducted a design study to determine the minimum package size for a fieldable tropospheric ozone lidar. After considering several different wavelength pairs for the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) measurement, a design was selected based on Raman shifting the 4(th) harmonic of an Nd:YAG laser from 266 Mm to 289 nm using deuterium and from 266 nm to 299 nm using hydrogen. Model results indicate that the three wavelengths used in concert will allow measurements of ozone out to a range of nearly 5 km with an accuracy of 5 ppb or better with a one hour integration time. The overall system design consists of a sensor head mounted inside a small shipping crate with the laser, Raman shift tubes, receiving telescope, and detectors and a separate data collection/control module in a rugged case. It is anticipated that the system could be built in a combined package occupying less than 2 m(3).
A comparative study of different ion and plasma assisted physical vapor deposition processes at low temperature is reported. To work out a clear comparison of the different processes, the object of the study are singl...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819425559
A comparative study of different ion and plasma assisted physical vapor deposition processes at low temperature is reported. To work out a clear comparison of the different processes, the object of the study are single layers of different metal oxides like Ta2O5, TiO2, SiO2 and mixed oxides like H4 (Merck) deposited on glass and silicon substrates. Three different types of ion- (or plasma-respectively) sources are used: the cold cathode ion source from Denton (CC 104), the end hall ion source Mark ii from CSC and the advanced plasma source from Leybold. Each of these processes is run under conditions concerning process parameters like bias, ion current, ion energy, beam characteristics and gas flow, which were understood to be optimized also to maintain long-term stability as realistic production conditions. The resulting metal oxide single layers are characterized by their optical properties, dispersion curves for NW and VIS as well as absorption and scatter at discrete wavelengths. Also discussed are mechanical properties like hardness and adherence. A test method is presented which clearly shows the superior behavior of the IAD coatings.
Dwindling research and development funds coupled with increasing customer demands and rapidly developing technologies present a difficult dilemma to systems developers. A current area of innovation is the integration ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819424978
Dwindling research and development funds coupled with increasing customer demands and rapidly developing technologies present a difficult dilemma to systems developers. A current area of innovation is the integration of the abundant but diverse computer resources (both hardware and software) into practical and powerful computing environments to support the product development processes in the industrial and defense sectors. Edgewood has leveraged a number of existing resources to create a ''virtual prototyping'' environment based on the principles of Concurrent Multi-Level Simulation. We named our environment the ''Computational Prototyping Network''.
The proceedings contain 20 papers from the Conference on Zoom Lenses ii. The ropics discussed include: recent developments of zoom lenses;optimizing the thermal performance of apochromatic glass-liquid optical systems...
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The proceedings contain 20 papers from the Conference on Zoom Lenses ii. The ropics discussed include: recent developments of zoom lenses;optimizing the thermal performance of apochromatic glass-liquid optical systems;design of compact camera zoom lenses with high zoom ratios;zoom lens design for video projectors;compact zoom lenses for photographic cameras;mirror systems;high-aperture zoom optics employing diffractive surfaces;diffraction-limited infrared zoom collimator and active temperature compensation of an infrared zoom lens.
The Cambridge optical aperture synthesis telescope (COAST) is a four element interferometer which measures visibility amplitudes and closure-phases. It produced its first images in 1995 and is now in a complete form, ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819422681
The Cambridge optical aperture synthesis telescope (COAST) is a four element interferometer which measures visibility amplitudes and closure-phases. It produced its first images in 1995 and is now in a complete form, very similar to the original conception. In this paper we discuss the design and current status of the interferometer.
The process behind compact cameras, capable of achieving high zoom ratios are described. In addition to the development of st suitable new type of zoom lens, the internal focusing is essential to the design. The study...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819425516
The process behind compact cameras, capable of achieving high zoom ratios are described. In addition to the development of st suitable new type of zoom lens, the internal focusing is essential to the design. The study focuses upon current major lens types, especially a three-group zoom lens which are composed of positive, positive and negative refractive powers for respective lens groups. First, requirements on the development of zoom lenses are described. Then properties of lens types are discussed. Using similar specifications, applications of standard zoom lenses providing higher aperture are shown. The characteristics of these zoom lenses are then summarized.
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