The authors demonstrate single-mode highly-parallel Holoplanar VLSI interconnects, either in single-planar or multi-planar architecture, based on planar volume (Bragg) holographic gratings. The design includes highly ...
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The authors demonstrate single-mode highly-parallel Holoplanar VLSI interconnects, either in single-planar or multi-planar architecture, based on planar volume (Bragg) holographic gratings. The design includes highly arbitrary, rugged and flexible multiplex volume holographic gratings implanted in single-mode waveguides in two basic multiplexed topologies: holoplanar and total internal reflection. The holoplanar interconnects connect two or more single-mode planar beams in fan-in, fan-out, star, tree, bus, WDM, and other architectures, and the TIR interconnects connect 3D (free-space) multi-beams with planar multi-beams in a variety of multiplexed configurations. They can be used in LAN and WAN communication, supercomputers, optical computing, neural networks, optical storage, phased array antennas, optical sensing, etc. currentdevelopments include an optical clock, optical bus, optical look-up table, board-to-board backplane interconnects, integrated optical heads, time-shift networks, and high-density WDMs (wavelength-division-multiplexers).
An optical lens system with varying magnification has been designed for a 70-mm image format. Twenty optical elements were needed to provide for the 345- to 1050-mm focal length zoom range as well as the proper color ...
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An optical lens system with varying magnification has been designed for a 70-mm image format. Twenty optical elements were needed to provide for the 345- to 1050-mm focal length zoom range as well as the proper color correction over the visible spectrum. A 4-in diameter port window limits the fl# of the optical lens system. Operation of the lens system is done by actuating stepping motors through a MacPlus computer. This lens system was designed for Los Alamos National Laboratory Group M-8, because no commercial zoom lens existed that would change its reduction from 1/15 to 1/4 at a focusing range of 5 meters. Additionally, we required a larger, non-standard image size that could be recorded by a rotating mirror streak camera. A Nikkor lens sales manual does offer a long focal length, 35-mm lens only upon special order. The closest focusing range of this Nikkor lens is 6 meters.
A unique aspect of the Ionized Cluster Beam (ICB) thin film deposition method is that material is deposited as ionized, accelerated atom clusters. Results of one laboratory suggest that a wide range of beneficial film...
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A unique aspect of the Ionized Cluster Beam (ICB) thin film deposition method is that material is deposited as ionized, accelerated atom clusters. Results of one laboratory suggest that a wide range of beneficial film formation effects can be attributed to the clusters, reported to average 1000 atoms in size. We present two cluster measurement methods here to investigate these claims. In the first, the depositing beam passes through an ionizer, a slit and an electrostatic deflection field. An undeflected neutral deposit and an ionized deflection deposit form on a single crystal silicon substrate. The ratio of atom flux to charge flux in the deflected deposit is equal to the number of atoms per singly charged cluster. In the second method, a low amplitude 10 KHz signal modulates the electrostatic deflection field. The phase shift between the modulation voltage and the measured substrate current yields particle velocity from which mass can be obtained. We have confirmed the presence of small, three atom gold clusters.
NOAO, in conjunction with the University of Wisconsin and Indiana University, is building a new 3.5 meter telescope on Kitt Peak, AZ, called the WIN telescope. This paper presents the basic concepts and current status...
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ISBN:
(纸本)081940280X
NOAO, in conjunction with the University of Wisconsin and Indiana University, is building a new 3.5 meter telescope on Kitt Peak, AZ, called the WIN telescope. This paper presents the basic concepts and current status of the WIN project. Recent developments in telescope, optical, and enclosure design are being incorporated into the WIN telescope and are described here. The WIN telescope is designed with a wide field of view to take advantage of recent advancements in multi-object, fiber-optic spectroscopy. A fiber positioner and spectrograph are under development as part of this effort. The enclosure uses a lightweight and well ventilated dome to minimize seeing. The primary mirror is the second of the 3.5 meter borosilicate honeycomb blanks cast in the Steward Observatory Mirror lab. The mirror is being polished in the NOAO optical Shop as part of the NOAO Future Telescope Technology (FTT) program. A new mirror support system is being developed which supports the primary mirror entirely from the back. The temperature of the mirror will be actively controlled.
We have investigated the effects of complex barrier structures in double barrier resonanttunneling diodes (DBRTDs). The largest room temperature peak-to-valley current ratios (PVCR)to date have been observed for AlGaA...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819403342
We have investigated the effects of complex barrier structures in double barrier resonant
tunneling diodes (DBRTDs). The largest room temperature peak-to-valley current ratios (PVCR)
to date have been observed for AlGaAs/GaAs DBRTD. PVCRs as high as 5. 1 were observed in
AlAs/GaAs DBRTD with an AL14Ga86As chair barrier in the cathode. We attribute the
improvement in the PVCR to the chair barrier in the cathode which significantly reduces the valley
current. The effects of a real, spatially separated Al,14Ga086As barrier in the anode and cathode
sides of the DBRTDs were also investigated and a PVCR as high as 4.8 was observed when the
A10• 14Ga86As barrier was on the anode side.
Single-crystal metastable (iii-V)$\sb{\rm 1-x}$(IV)$\sb{\rm x}$ alloys are a new class of semiconductors with the potential, through bandgap engineering, of extending the range of achievable electronic and optical pro...
Single-crystal metastable (iii-V)$\sb{\rm 1-x}$(IV)$\sb{\rm x}$ alloys are a new class of semiconductors with the potential, through bandgap engineering, of extending the range of achievable electronic and optical properties available for device design. In addition, metastable (iii-V)$\rm \sb{1-x}(IV\sb2)\sb{x}$ semiconducting alloys exhibit unusual long and short range ordering behavior. Although maximum mutual equilibrium solid solubilities for $\rm (GaSb)\sb{1-x}(Ge\sb2)\sb{x}$, $\rm (GaAs)\sb{1-x}(Ge\sb2)\sb{x}$, and $\rm (GaAs)\sb{1-x}(Si\sb2)\sb{x}$ are typically less than 4 at.%, recent developments in ion-surface interaction assisted growth techniques have made it possible to grow alloys ranging throughout the pseudobinary composition diagram. A common characteristic of the (100) oriented (iii-V)$\rm \sb{1-x}(IV)\sb{x}$ alloys studied in this work--(GaAs)$\sb{\rm 1-x}$(Ge$\sb2)\sb{\rm x}$, $\rm (GaSb)\sb{1-x}(Ge\sb2)\sb{x}$ and $\rm (GaAs)\sb{1-x}(Si\sb2)\sb{x}$--is that for low x values, they exhibit long-range zincblende order, while for x above a critical value, x$\sb{\rm c}$, they exhibit long-range diamond order. While several metastable (iii-V)$\rm \sb{1-x}(IV)\sb{x}$ alloys have been grown and characterized, there still exists no general understanding of this new class of materials. In this work, an energy dependent Monte-Carlo kinetic growth model is developed that simulates the growth of these alloys in a layer-by-layer process. The effects of variations in pair-interaction energies and growth conditions on both structural and electronic properties of the alloys is investigated using the bond-energy kinetic growth model in conjunction with Haydock recursion calculations, a Green's function technique for computation of the valence band density-of-states. The results of these models are compared with experimental results and are used to explain the observed changes in critical composition and other ordering properties among the (iii-V)$\rm \sb{1-x}(IV
We have investigated the effects of complex barrier structures in double barrier resonant tunneling diodes (DBRTDs). The largest room temperature peak-to-valley current ratios (PVCR) to date have been observed for AlG...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819403342
We have investigated the effects of complex barrier structures in double barrier resonant tunneling diodes (DBRTDs). The largest room temperature peak-to-valley current ratios (PVCR) to date have been observed for AlGaAs/GaAs DBRTD. PVCRs as high as 5.1 were observed in AlAs/GaAs DBRTD with an Al0.14Ga0.86As chair barrier in the cathode. We attribute the improvement in the PVCR to the chair barrier in the cathode which significantly reduces the valley current. The effects of a real, spatially separated Al0.14Ga0.86As barrier in the anode and cathode sides of the DBRTDs were also investigated and a PVCR as high as 4.8 was observed when the Al0.14Ga0.86As barrier was on the anode side.
This paper will describe our current X-Ray mask development efforts at ALO that have produced half-micron "device level" masks. It will focus on the pattern transfer phase of the mask fabrication process. Th...
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The proceedings contain 39 papers. The topics discussed include: diffraction effects of secondary mirror spiders upon telescope image quality;a high efficiency diffraction grating design for a rhomb configuration;apod...
The proceedings contain 39 papers. The topics discussed include: diffraction effects of secondary mirror spiders upon telescope image quality;a high efficiency diffraction grating design for a rhomb configuration;apodized apertures for infrared and visible high-power lasers;optical performance of a waveguide grating imaging device;improved optical resolution that exceeds the diffraction limit;roughness study of aluminum-coated surfaces by infrared ellipsometry;a vapor leak sensor using polarization property for plant inspection;practical aspects in the implementation of symbolic substitution logic;study of the theory of optical stabilizing image;and active phase compensation system for fiber optic holography.
Interferometric measurements of real surfaces are combined with computed opticaldesign analyses. To accomplish this, a special software interface driver was developed to accept serial optical Path Difference (OPD) da...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819402044
Interferometric measurements of real surfaces are combined with computed opticaldesign analyses. To accomplish this, a special software interface driver was developed to accept serial optical Path Difference (OPD) data from a Zygo Mark iii interferometer, apply standard algorithms, and convert the measured data into a CODE V readable file. Analysis was conducted on a large aperture developmental optical system containing a fold mirror of eggcrate construction. MTF performance of the entire system was computed as were the contributions of individual surfaces to overall optical quality. Diffraction effects due to the rib structure of the eggcrate mirror were apparent in this analysis, as were the effects of gravity and figure components of the wavefront. This hybrid analysis demonstrates the usefulness of coupling interferometry with an opticaldesign program in the analysis of complex optical systems.
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