The double expansion of the wavefront deformation in Zernike polynomials over the pupil and the field-of-view coordinates is a powerful tool for lens design, testing, and alignment. It provides a compact description o...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432652
The double expansion of the wavefront deformation in Zernike polynomials over the pupil and the field-of-view coordinates is a powerful tool for lens design, testing, and alignment. It provides a compact description of the wavefront deformation of perturbed and unobscued optical systems over the field-of-view. The integral of the mean-square wavefront deformation over the field-of-view is simply the sum of the products of the norms of the polynomials and the squared global coefficients. Eight or ten global coefficients can provide a comprehensive centered system description. Only fourteen main additional global coefficients is sufficient for the description of perturbed and unobscured optical systems.
Presents the results of the opticaldesign of lens objectives for polarization light microscopes, including to ensure that the special techniques. Sometimes such methods require the use of objectives similar magnifica...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781510620629
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510620629
Presents the results of the opticaldesign of lens objectives for polarization light microscopes, including to ensure that the special techniques. Sometimes such methods require the use of objectives similar magnifications in air and in immersion;with iris aperture diaphragm.
Recently, a group of glasses has been investigated that have high refractive index and low dispersion. These glasses are known as reluctant glass formers and lie in the "forbidden" region of the conventional...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819406554
Recently, a group of glasses has been investigated that have high refractive index and low dispersion. These glasses are known as reluctant glass formers and lie in the "forbidden" region of the conventional glass map. Research is continuing to develop means and techniques to produce usable sizes and optical characteristics. Since these glasses have unusual optical properties, a study was performed to gain an understanding of the impact such glasses could have on opticaldesign and to establish desired baseline optical properties as objectives for the material scientists. Several generic optical configurations were explored to determine if a meaningful improvement could be realized. Study results are presented and discussed to illustrate that a notable enhancement in optical performance is attainable.
The basis of this work is a modification of the modern design of surgical binoculars based on substitution of mineral glasses with polymer lenses. Aberration analyses of the proposed systems is shown.
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510612082;9781510612075
The basis of this work is a modification of the modern design of surgical binoculars based on substitution of mineral glasses with polymer lenses. Aberration analyses of the proposed systems is shown.
An automated Ronchigram analysis system capable of analyzing cross grating ronchigrams, produced by a single channel Ronchi system, is being developed. Because of the complexity of the Ronchigrams it is necessary to s...
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All-reflective, unobscured opticaldesigns were developed to help identify a candidate first- generation system to be used in soft x-ray projection lithography. The resolution goal for all designs was 0.1 micrometers ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819406554
All-reflective, unobscured opticaldesigns were developed to help identify a candidate first- generation system to be used in soft x-ray projection lithography. The resolution goal for all designs was 0.1 micrometers , or better, at a design wavelength of 13 nm. Different design aspects including usable field size, image distortion, number of mirrors, telecentricity, surface shape (spherical versus aspheric), and system packaging were explored. Trade-off studied between systems requiring scanning and full-format nonscanning systems were made. The tolerance sensitivity analysis for a representative design demonstrated that as-built performance will be driven by the mirror surface irregularity tolerance; the required tolerance levels are briefly discussed.
Using the caustic merit function for plane waves incident upon a singlet lens, a comparison between the optical performance of the lens using an axial gradient index with spherical surfaces or aspheric surfaces with c...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819415871
Using the caustic merit function for plane waves incident upon a singlet lens, a comparison between the optical performance of the lens using an axial gradient index with spherical surfaces or aspheric surfaces with constant index material has been investigated. Results indicate that the use of an inhomogeneous medium for the lens material is more effective in the controlling aberrations than the use of aspheric surfaces for a similar lens.
The transformation of laser beams passing through optical systems is analyzed using a TEM modal decomposition. The laser beam is decomposed and the optical system is described by a matrix that relates the modal compos...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819406554
The transformation of laser beams passing through optical systems is analyzed using a TEM modal decomposition. The laser beam is decomposed and the optical system is described by a matrix that relates the modal composition of the input and output beams. The hard aperture and the parabolic and Gaussian soft apertures are given a typical examples. The matrices that characterize these apertures allow analysis of the losses of laser resonators, including finite and/or variable reflectivity mirrors. The modal decomposition is used for defining modified ABCD matrices that include any kind of apertures.
The Hobby-Eberly Telescope uses a ii-meter diameter F/1.45 segmented spherical primary mirror. A spherical mirror of this size generates large amounts of spherical aberration. To be used successfully in a tilted optic...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432652
The Hobby-Eberly Telescope uses a ii-meter diameter F/1.45 segmented spherical primary mirror. A spherical mirror of this size generates large amounts of spherical aberration. To be used successfully in a tilted optical Arecibo type telescope, the spherical aberration needs to be corrected. This means that tracking of astronomical targets is achieved through moving a tracker optical package which imposes somewhat severe packaging constraints. Given these packaging constraints, novel methods must be employed to correct the aberrations with the Spherical Aberration Corrector contained in the moving hacker optical package. The paper reviews the pertinent requirements, constraints and the resultant design of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Four Mirror Spherical Aberration Corrector.
A wide variety of micro and nano-structured optical elements have been developed. Among other things, optical elements with subwavelength structure surfaces are moving on the advanced stage for practical use. A camera...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819470096
A wide variety of micro and nano-structured optical elements have been developed. Among other things, optical elements with subwavelength structure surfaces are moving on the advanced stage for practical use. A camera lens with antireflective structured surface and an achromatic birefringent wave-plate have been fabricated by plastic molding process. Form-birefringent micro-reader array is used for a polarization imaging camera system. Recent research-and-developments on subwavelength structured optical elements are oriented to practical applications and process technologies for manufacturing. In this paper the current situation of the subwavelength structured optical elements have been summarized and subjects of developments are discussed from the viewpoint of practical applications.
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