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Quantifying patterns in optical micrographs of one- and two-dimensional ellipsoidal particle assemblies

SOFT MATTER 2020年第48期16卷 10900-10909页

作者： Grebe, Veronica Liu, Mingzhu Weck, Marcus NYU Mol Design Inst New York NY 10003 USA NYU Dept Chem New York NY 10003 USA

current developments in colloidal science include the assembly of anisotropic colloids with broad geometric diversity. As the complexity of particle assemblies increases, the need for ubiquitous algorithms that quantitatively analyze images of the assemblies to deliver key information such as quantification of crystal structures becomes more urgent. This contribution describes algorithms capable of image analysis for classifying colloidal structures based on abstracted interparticle relationship information and quantitatively analyzing the abundance of each structure in mixed pattern assemblies. The algorithm parameters can be adjusted, allowing for the algorithms to be adapted for different image analyses. Three different ellipsoidal particle assembly images are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithms: a one-dimensional (1D) particle chain assembly and two two-dimensional (2D) polymorphic crystals each consisting of assemblies of two distinct plane symmetry groups. Angle relationships between neighbouring particles are calculated and neighbour counts of each particle are determined. Combining these two parameters as rules for classification criteria allows for the labeling and quantification of each particle into a defined symmetry class within an assembly. The algorithms provide a labelled image comprising classification results and particle counts of each defined class. For multiple images or individual frames from a video, the script can be looped to achieve automatic processing. The yielded classification data allow for more in-depth image analysis of mixed pattern particle assemblies. We envision that these algorithms will have utility in quantitative analysis of images comprising ellipsoidal colloidal materials, nanoparticles, or biological matter.

关键词： Image analysis

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稀疏码分多址技术发展及前景

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科学技术与工程 2023年第5期23卷 1789-1798页

作者：雷拓峰倪淑燕崔亮程乃平宋鑫陈世淼航天工程大学研究生院北京101416 航天工程大学电子与光学工程系北京101416 66407部队北京100144

提升频谱资源利用率是未来移动通信亟待解决的一项重要目标。其中,稀疏码分多址(sparse code multiple access,SCMA)技术具备频谱利用率高、抗干扰性能力强、系统兼容性好等优点,已成为一种非常有前景的非正交多址方案。为了在未来移动... 详细信息

提升频谱资源利用率是未来移动通信亟待解决的一项重要目标。其中,稀疏码分多址(sparse code multiple access,SCMA)技术具备频谱利用率高、抗干扰性能力强、系统兼容性好等优点,已成为一种非常有前景的非正交多址方案。为了在未来移动通信中进一步发展稀疏码分多址技术,综述了现有稀疏码分多址技术的研究成果,对其研究现状进行了总结分析。首先,分析了现有的码本设计方案,指出了其设计特点以及目前尚存在的问题,并给出相应的解决方案;其次,在解码算法方面,给出了目前两种常见的解码算法,简述了其基本原理,并介绍了一些新兴的解码算法;再次,就SCMA技术与其他技术结合而言,从3个方面总结了目前SCMA技术的研究成果,并探讨了SCMA技术在应用层面潜在的发展的方向;最后,总结了稀疏码分多址技术的发展挑战和趋势。

关键词：稀疏码分多址技术码本设计解码算法稀疏码分多址应用

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Application of GPUs in optical design software 20

Application of GPUs in optical design software

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering XX

作者： Mischuck, Brian Page, Erik Croce, Alessandra Zemax 10230 NE Points Dr 500 Kirkland WA 98033 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510629028

ISBN: (纸本)9781510629028

We present an overview of the pros and cons of using GPUs in optical design software. While GPUs can run multiple calculations in parallel, that parallelization comes with a price. We will discuss the trade-offs that allow GPUs to run up to thousands of cores in parallel and how those trade-offs effect the use of GPUs in optical design software. In particular, we review the use of GPUs in several steps of design calculations, including ray-tracing and computationally expensive steps such as calculating Huygens integrals.

关键词： OpticStudio GPU PSF Scientific Computing

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The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): Extending rest-optical narrow-band emission line selection into the Epoch of Reionization

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Duncan, K.J. McLeod, D.J. Best, P.N. Pirie, C.A. Clausen, M. Cochrane, R.K. Dunlop, J.S. Flury, S.R. Geach, J.E. Grogin, N.A. Hale, C.L. Ibar, E. Kondapally, R. Li, Zefeng Matthee, J. McLure, R.J. Ossa-Fuentes, Luis Patrick, A.L. Smail, Ian Sobral, D. Stephenson, H.M.O. Stott, J.P. Swinbank, A.M. Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh Royal Observatory Blackford Hill EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Department of Astronomy Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Centre for Astrophysics Research School of Physics Engineering and Computer Science University of Hertfordshire Hatfield United Kingdom Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMD21218 United States Astrophysics Department of Physics University of Oxford Denys Wilkinson Building Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom Instituto de Física y Astronomía Universidad de Valparaíso Avda. Gran Bretaña 1111 Valparaíso Chile Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy Department of Physics Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Am Campus 1 Klosterneuburg3400 Austria Departamento de Física Faculdade de Cièncias Universidade de Lisboa Edifício C8 Campo Grande LisbonPT1749-016 Portugal BNP Paribas Corporate & Institutional Banking Torre Ocidente Rua Galileu Galilei Lisbon1500-392 Portugal Department of Physics Lancaster University LancasterLA1 4YB United Kingdom

We present the JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS), a Cycle 1 JWST imaging programme exploiting the wavelength coverage and sensitivity of the Near-infrared Camera (NIRCam) to extend narrow-band rest-optical emission line selection into the epoch of reionization (EoR) for the first time, and to enable unique studies of the resolved ionised gas morphology in individual galaxies across cosmic history. The primary JELS observations comprise ∼ 4.7μm narrow-band imaging over ∼ 63 arcmin2 designed to enable selection of H α emitters at z ∼ 6.1, as well as the selection of a host of novel emission-line samples including [O iii] at z ∼ 8.3 and Paschen α/β at z ∼ 1.5/2.8. For the prime F466N and F470N narrow-band observations, the emission-line sensitivities achieved are up to ∼ 2× more sensitive than current slitless spectroscopy surveys (5σ limits of 1.1–1.6×10−18 erg s−1cm−2), corresponding to unobscured H α star-formation rates (SFRs) of 1–1.6 M☉ yr−1 at z ∼ 6.1 and extending emission-line selections in the EoR to fainter populations. Simultaneously, JELS also obtained F200W broadband and F212N narrow-band imaging (H α at z ∼ 2.23) that probes SFRs 5× fainter than previous ground-based narrow-band studies (∼ 0.2 M☉ yr−1), offering an unprecedented resolved view of star formation at cosmic noon. In this paper we describe the detailed JELS survey design, key data processing steps specific to the survey observations, and demonstrate the exceptional data quality and imaging sensitivity achieved. We then summarise the key scientific goals of JELS and present some early science results, including examples of spectroscopically confirmed H α and [O iii] emitters discovered by JELS that illustrate the novel parameter space probed. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Cosmology

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General formula for aspheric collimator lens design free of spherical aberration 20

General formula for aspheric collimator lens design free of ...

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering XX

作者： Gonzalez-Acuna, Rafael G. Gutierrez-Vega, Julio C. Tecnol Monterrey Photon & Math Opt Grp Monterrey 64849 Mexico

We present the general formula to generated aspheric collimator lens free of spherical aberration and astigmatism. The presented formula describes the second surface of the aspheric singlet such as it correct the sphe... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781510629028

ISBN: (纸本)9781510629028

关键词： optical design aspheric collimator

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Multivariate thinking for optical microfluidic analytical devices-A tutorial review

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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2021年 164卷 105959-105959页

作者： Cuadros-Rodriguez, Luis Jimenez-carvelo, Ana M. Fernandez-Ramos, M. D. Univ Granada Dept Analyt Chem Chem Metrol & Qualimetr CMQ C Fuentenueva S-N E-18071 Granada Spain Univ Granada Dept Analyt Chem Elect & Chem Sensing Solut ECsens C Fuentenueva S-N E-18071 Granada Spain

Microfluidic analytical devices (?FADs) made from glass, polymeric materials or paper are considered as a powerful tool in several fields such as chemistry, engineering, pharmaceutics, forensics, medicine, environment, food, biology and biotechnology, or security and biodefence. optical-based ?FADs measuring molecular spectroscopic properties such as transmission, absorption, reflection, fluorescence, or Raman are not alien to this framework and most of the developments currently underway are still focused on the use of univariate models. Multivariate models could be used to: (i) optimize concurrently the experimental variables (factors) in order to find the best operative conditions for chemical or technical processes, (ii) classify or discriminate material systems regarding one or more interesting features, and/or (iii) determine simultaneously the value of multiple physical?chemical properties directly or indirectly related to the chemical composition. In addition, multivariate models overlook problems arising from the interaction between experimental variables, or biases caused by the lack of measuring device selectivity. However, this strategy is still poorly applied and is a clear focus of progress in the development of ?FADs. This tutorial aims to describe the potential and tools available to carry out these sorts of applications focused on the use of multivariate models and to critically review the published literature on this topic. Technical aspects related to the design and development of optical ?FADs will not be considered.

关键词： Microfluidic analytical device (?FAD) Multivariate models Chemometrics Optimization Qualitative and quantitative outcomes

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Interband Quantum Cascade Infrared Photodetectors: current Status and Future Trends

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Physical Review Applied 2022年第2期17卷 027001-027001页

作者： P. Martyniuk A. Rogalski S. Krishna Institute of Applied Physics Military University of Technology 2 Kaliskiego Str. 00-908 Warsaw Poland Department of Electric Engineering The Ohio State University 2024 Neil Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA

One of the critical limitations of photonic infrared (IR) photodetectors is the cooling requirement that is placed on it. Uncooled detectors are usually based on thermal detectors. currently, microbolometer thermal detectors are produced in a larger volume than those of all other IR array technologies together. In recent years, their cost has drastically dropped (about 15% per year). Although their performance is modest, thermal detectors suffer from slow responses and they are not useful in multispectral detection. The (Hg,Cd)Te ternary system dominates photonic IR detector technology. It also has a superior performance under high operating temperature (HOT) conditions. At present, technological efforts are directed towards advanced heterojunction photovoltaic (Hg,Cd)Te detectors. In the last decade, several concepts have been proposed to improve the HOT photon detector’s performance to include various kinds of materials, such as type-II AiiiBV superlattices (T2SLs), two-dimensional materials, and colloidal quantum dots. Among them, the most promising are interband quantum cascade photodetectors (IB QCPs) based on AiiiBV T2SLs considered in this paper. This paper reviews the history, present status, and possible future developments of IB QCPs for IR HOT applications. To date, the “Rule 07” metric has been used as a proper approach for the prediction of the photodiode performance of p-on-n (Hg,Cd)Te and as a reference benchmark for alternative technologies. However, recently, it has been shown [Lee et al., Proc. SPIE 11407, 114070X (2020)] that uncooled depletion-limited (Hg,Cd)Te photodiodes exhibit further performance enhancement called “Law 19,” which is background-limited detectivity in the long-wavelength infrared spectral range. In this context, here, the performance of IB QCPs is compared with Law 19.

关键词： optical sources & detectors Optoelectronics Quantum sensing II-VI semiconductors iii-V semiconductors Photodiodes Superlattices Infrared techniques

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Spatial resolution of an optical microscope with oblique illumination 20

Spatial resolution of an optical microscope with oblique ill...

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Conference on current developments in Lens design and optical engineering XX

作者： Borovytsky, Volodymyr Natl Tech Univ Ukraine Igor Sikorsky KPI Opt Engn Dept Pr Peremogy 37 UA-03056 Kiev Ukraine

ISBN: (数字)9781510629028

ISBN: (纸本)9781510629028

This paper presents the theory for numerical evaluation of the spatial resolution along an optical axis of an optical microscope in case of oblique illumination. It considers the optical setup with a coherent light source, a microscope condenser, a grating located in a plane with an optical axis and with grating slits perpendicular to this axis and a microscope objective. It is proposed the analytical expression for calculation of the minimal resolvable period of this grating or the corresponded spatial cutoff frequency that characterizes the spatial resolution along the optical axis. It is demonstrated that this spatial cutoff frequency is not proportional to the angle of beam inclination. The proposed theory clearly explains why an optical microscope has the limited spatial resolution along an optical axis and how illumination can maximize this resolution.

关键词： Fourier optics image formation diffraction theory optical microscopy spatial resolution Abbe theory optics education spatial cutoff frequency spatial bandwidth

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Technologies for large ultra-stable optical missions: current perspectives and developments at ESA 2

Technologies for large ultra-stable optical missions: curren...

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Symposium on Astronomical Optics - design, Manufacture, and Test of Space and Ground Systems II held at SPIE optical engineering + Applications Conference

作者： Hallibert, Pascal Boquet, Fabrice Deslaef, Nicolas Sechi, Gianfranco ESA ESTEC Keplerlaan 1 NL-2200 AG Noordwijk Netherlands

ISBN: (数字)9781510629264

ISBN: (纸本)9781510629257;9781510629264

The current trend for higher resolution and sensitivity for Astronomy and Earth Observation space missions is leading to larger entrance apertures for future optical payloads, often requiring challenging and ultra-stable optical performances driving the instrument design and implementation. The level of complexity for such large systems requires a multidisciplinary approach and technological developments in cross-sectorial areas such as optics, structures, pointing accuracy, control, mechanisms. We present here a range of ESA R&D developments related to future large ultra-stable optical instrument architectures, providing perspectives on the identification of enabling technologies in view of current and future optical missions as well as and a wayforward to maturity for implementation within potential future missions.

关键词： space telescopes ESA ultrastable architectures large optical instruments verification control enabling technologies

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Indoor Organic Photovoltaics: Optimal Cell design Principles with Synergistic Parasitic Resistance and optical Modulation Effect

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ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS 2021年第27期11卷

作者： Saeed, Muhammad Ahsan Kim, Sang Hyeon Kim, Hyeok Liang, Jiaen Woo, Han Young Kim, Tae Geun Yan, He Shim, Jae Won Dongguk Univ Div Elect & Elect Engn Seoul 04620 South Korea Korea Univ Sch Elect Engn Seoul 02841 South Korea Univ Seoul Sch Elect & Comp Engn Seoul 02504 South Korea Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Chinese Natl Engn Res Ctr Tissue Restorat & Recon Dept Chem Kowloon Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Peoples R China Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Chinese Natl Engn Res Ctr Tissue Restorat & Recon Hong Kong Branch Kowloon Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Peoples R China Korea Univ Dept Chem Seoul 02841 South Korea

Recently, indoor organic photovoltaics (OPVs) has attracted substantial research attention, due to the emergence of self-powered electronic devices for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. This progress report discusses recent developments in indoor OPVs, focusing on the strategic role of synergistic parasitic resistance in suppressing the leakage current to achieve high indoor efficiencies. Moreover, an underexplored area is presented, namely the impact of optical modulation on enhancing light absorption in indoor OPVs. First, the main advances in material design for indoor OPVs are briefly presented. This is followed by detailed discussions of the crucial strategies, including interfacial engineering, the effect of photoactive layer thickness, and the effectiveness of transparent conducting electrodes for improving the OPV performance. Overall, this review highlights that understanding the indispensable role of parasitic resistance under dim light conditions may provide new opportunities for developing efficient indoor OPVs for practical applications. Finally, after summarizing recent progress in indoor OPVs, a critical perspective is provided.

关键词： charge transport layers indoor organic photovoltaics optical modulation effects parasitic resistance effects photoactive materials transparent conducting electrodes

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