In recent years industrial photogrammetry has emerged from a highly specialized niche technology to a well established tool in industrial coordinate measurement applications with numerous installations in a significan...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450146
In recent years industrial photogrammetry has emerged from a highly specialized niche technology to a well established tool in industrial coordinate measurement applications with numerous installations in a significantly growing market of flexible and portable optical measurement systems. This is due to the development of powerful, but affordable video and computer technology. The increasing industrial requirements for accuracy, speed, robustness and ease of use of these systems together with a demand for the highest possible degree of automation have forced universities and system manufacturers to develop hard- and software solutions to meet these requirements. The presentation will show the latest trends in hardware development, especially new generation digital and/or intelligent cameras, aspects of image engineering like use of controlled illumination or projection technologies, and algorithmic and software aspects like automation strategies or new camera models. The basic qualities of digital photogrammetry- like portability and flexibility on one hand and fully automated quality control on the other - sometimes lead to certain conflicts in the design of measurement systems for different online, offline or real-time solutions. the presentation will further show, how these tools and methods are combined in different configurations to be able to cover the still growing demands of the industrial end-users.
This review examines recent developments in low-dimensional semiconductor devices and their impact on modalities for optical Tomography. The current state-of-the-art in semiconductor optoelectronic materials is taken ...
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An alternative technique is proposed to create microscopic atom traps loaded with atoms from a gravito-optical surface trap (GOT), which is composed of an evanescent-wave mirror and a vertically aligned hollow laser b...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780377338
An alternative technique is proposed to create microscopic atom traps loaded with atoms from a gravito-optical surface trap (GOT), which is composed of an evanescent-wave mirror and a vertically aligned hollow laser beam. Our trap design is based on the use of current-carrying transparent conductors and transparent permanent magnets fabricated on the surface of a glass prism in the form of an internal structure of a refractive-index-matched thin dielectric film. The conductors can be fabricated of indium tin oxide (ITO) and the magnets of yttrium iron garnet (YIG). Different kinds of traps may be envisaged: i) spin-independent electro-optical ii) magneto-optical for either high- or low-field seeking atoms, and iii) purely magnetic for atoms in the low-field seeking states. In case iii), the magnetic-field minimum is located far enough from the film surface to make the contribution of the optical field negligible.
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) plans to develop optical communication terminals for future spacecraft, especially in support of high data rate science missions and manned exploration of Mars....
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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) plans to develop optical communication terminals for future spacecraft, especially in support of high data rate science missions and manned exploration of Mars. Future, very long-range missions, such as the Realistic Interstellar Explorer (RISE) 1, will need optical downlink communications to enable even very low data rates. For all of these applications, very fine pointing and tracking is also required, with accuracies on the order of ± 1 μrad or less and peak-to-peak ranges of ± 10 mrad or more. For these applications, it will also be necessary to implement very compact, lightweight and low-power precision beam-steering technologies. Although current commercial-off-the-shelf devices, such as macro-scale piezo-driven tip/tilt actuators exist, which approach mission requirements, they are too large, heavy, and power consuming for projected spacecraft mass and power budgets. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) has adopted a different approach to beam-steering in collaboration with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). We are testing and planning to eventually package a highly accurate large dynamic range meso-scale position transducer under development at NIST. In this paper we will describe a generic package design of an optical communications terminal incorporating the NIST prototype beam-steerer. We will also show test results comparing the performance of the NIST prototype meso-scale position beam-steerer to a commercial macro-tip/tilt actuator using a quad-cell tracking sensor.
An alternative technique is proposed to create microscopic atom traps loaded with atoms from a gravito-optical surface trap (GOT), which is composed of an evanescent-wave mirror and a vertically aligned hollow laser b...
详细信息
An alternative technique is proposed to create microscopic atom traps loaded with atoms from a gravito-optical surface trap (GOT), which is composed of an evanescent-wave mirror and a vertically aligned hollow laser beam. Our trap design is based on the use of current-carrying transparent conductors and transparent permanent magnets fabricated on the surface of a glass prism in the form of an internal structure of a refractive-index-matched thin dielectric film. The conductors can be fabricated of indium tin oxide (ITO) and the magnets of yttrium iron garnet (YIG). Different kinds of traps may be envisaged: i) spin-independent electro-optical ii) magneto-optical for either high- or low-field seeking atoms, and iii) purely magnetic for atoms in the low-field seeking states. In case iii), the magnetic-field minimum is located far enough from the film surface to make the contribution of the optical field negligible.
Since the deployment of the ARPANET in the 60s and the local area networks, Intranets, and the Internet in the 70s and 80s, research investigation and commercial product developments have focused on network infrastruc...
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Since the deployment of the ARPANET in the 60s and the local area networks, Intranets, and the Internet in the 70s and 80s, research investigation and commercial product developments have focused on network infrastructures such as fiber trunks, routers, and switches, as well as OSI layers 2 and 3 protocol equipment. Recently, in response to the increasing complexity of the communication protocols and exploding demand for functionalities in network active components, chip manufacturers and researchers recently shifted their effort to the design and implementation of NPUs (network processing units). This work investigates the characteristics and properties of network applications and protocols. Understanding the requirements of these applications and protocols enables the formulation of the overall objectives and specifications in the design of NPUs. Some of the existing commercial products are surveyed and their functional objectives and design approaches are examined. We conclude with the current status of NPU development. Immediate challenges in design and implementation of NPUs, with respect to the rapid network expansion and increasing traffic demand, are also discussed.
A miniaturized instrument for systematic planetary mineralogy is presented, and the opticaldesign of the component parts is discussed. The instrument combines the following capabilities: wide field color imaging, con...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819445347
A miniaturized instrument for systematic planetary mineralogy is presented, and the opticaldesign of the component parts is discussed. The instrument combines the following capabilities: wide field color imaging, confocal imaging at two different resolution/range levels, reflectance spectroscopy in the 400-2500 nm region with a resolution of 10 nm, and Raman spectroscopy over 4000 cm(-1) with an average resolution of 3.3 cm(-1). The instrument can also serve as an expandable platform for adding fluorescence spectroscopy, or for examining samples from a distance of several meters while using the same spectrometer.
Analysis of aberration performance of two-mirror Cassegrain lens allowed revealing an interesting relationship between them and the central obscuration coefficient epsilon and the distance delta of the focal plane fro...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819445347
Analysis of aberration performance of two-mirror Cassegrain lens allowed revealing an interesting relationship between them and the central obscuration coefficient epsilon and the distance delta of the focal plane from the vertex of the primary mirror and introducing the coefficient of complexity of Cassegrain lens.
We have developed a new method other than traditional technique based on ray tracing and optimization algorithm to design arbitrary aspherics. Analytic definition of the aspheric surfaces is done away with and numeric...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819445347
We have developed a new method other than traditional technique based on ray tracing and optimization algorithm to design arbitrary aspherics. Analytic definition of the aspheric surfaces is done away with and numerical solution of nonlinear difference equations called Aspheric Intrinsic Equations (AIE) is implemented instead. Simulation results compared with traditional opticaldesign software are presented, which prove that this new method is more effective and reliable in designing aspheric surfaces.
A method for computing the polychromatic MTF of hybrid refractive - diffractive elements is described taking into consideration the effects of not only the primary diffraction order but also the effects of additional ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819445347
A method for computing the polychromatic MTF of hybrid refractive - diffractive elements is described taking into consideration the effects of not only the primary diffraction order but also the effects of additional parasitic diffraction orders. The results of this approach are compared with the more conventional single order calculation and with actual measured performance. For certain markets and applications the cost of infrared lenses are critical in order to achieve customer expectations. Two possible methods of realising this requirement are the use of moulded optics or the use of multiple kinoform optics with no refractive power. Examples of such lenses are given along with discussion of the merits and limitations that each approach entails.
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