A way to calculate representative forms from given set of forms was developed, in which surface data is modeled by polygons based on landmarks. Inter-individual distances are defined as distortions in FFD control poin...
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This article describes a method for predicting human motion where some part of the body, such as the pelvis or foot does not move. The posture at any given time can be approximated using a linkage of articulated segme...
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engineering analyses of work methods can help identify approaches to reduce the risk of occupational injuries;computer-aided simulation technology is effective in terms of time and cost for evaluating multiple work me...
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engineering analyses of work methods can help identify approaches to reduce the risk of occupational injuries;computer-aided simulation technology is effective in terms of time and cost for evaluating multiple work methods. This paper analyzed scaffolding, a common activity in construction with high frequency of overexertion injuries, through a computer simulation model (3DSSPP) to identify less stressful work strategies. A laboratory study was also performed to verify the appropriateness of using the model for scaffolding job analyses. Seven commonly used end-frame lifting techniques were evaluated. Computer simulations of these work techniques show that considerable biomechanical stress occurs to most of the workers at their shoulders and elbows. A symmetric front-lifting at knuckle height appears to be the less stressful work technique, as determined by computer simulation. The laboratory study of the seven lifting methods, by measuring whole body isometric strength, confirmed the 3DSSPP simulation results. The simulation model is suitable for identifying less stressful work methods;the net benefit achieved from the use of the model is a reduction in testing cost as compared to traditional prototyping methodologies. The "at risk" estimation of the model seems to be conservative when compared to the laboratory experiment results. This is probably because the isometric strength of construction workers is higher than that of workers in manufacturing, which was used in the 3DSSPP model.
human performance modeling (HPM) tools have recently been developed to accurately predict human workload and environmental performance associated with procedural changes. Often, these changes have unforeseen human per...
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human performance modeling (HPM) tools have recently been developed to accurately predict human workload and environmental performance associated with procedural changes. Often, these changes have unforeseen human performance effects. One such procedural rule change is the concept of mature free flight expected by the year 2025. Free flight is a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) system capacity strategic goal aimed at reducing flight times, crew resources, maintenance, and fuel costs by reducing rigid airway structures and in-trail spacing. An evaluation of predicted workload effects and aircraft performance associated with current day and free flight operations was performed using two integrated human performance models, air man-machine integration design and analysis system (Air MIDAS) and the integrated performance modeling environment (IPME). In analyses of a common scenario, both tools revealed increases in workload from current day to free flight operations, however the models provided different performance profile predictions depending on the operator's role in the system change. These differences were in the components that made up the overall workload predictions. Some contextual evidence suggested that the proximity of the aircraft as measured by the closest point of approach (CPA) did not impact workload of the simulated operators as demonstrated by the simulated CPA distances under current day operations as compared with free flight operations. This provides evidence that more focus needs to be brought to the effects of context on the workload of the virtual human operator of the National Airspace System (NAS). A validation effort of these contextual findings with human-in-the-loop data is anticipated and required prior to drawing any definite conclusions.
For the interior design of a flight simulator, the ergonomic software MDHMS has been used to test different interior layout issues. The MDHMS program includes an accomodation analysis capability which generates a digi...
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ERGODATA was developed to provide basic data in the fields of anthropometry, biomechanics, and more generally ergonomics as well as statistical models of populations, with for instance a prediction of change in morpho...
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The increased need for better human performance models results from a realization that comprehensive simulations cannot use human-in-the-loop for all players, as was originally thought. With system designers and decis...
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The increased need for better human performance models results from a realization that comprehensive simulations cannot use human-in-the-loop for all players, as was originally thought. With system designers and decision makers demanding support from large-scale simulation models, the human performance component of computer models has repeatedly been found to be deficient. Each of the five communities involved with human performance modeling communicates with adjacent communities in a pair-wise manner, causing the customer to have little awareness of what is technically possible and the scientific community having little awareness of the needs of the customer.
This paper describes the validation of RAMSIS, a 3-D CAD human model for ergonomic vehicle evaluation at General Motors (GM). The model's capability to correctly predict position and posture in vehicle CAD environ...
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The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has established the strategic goal for System Capacity and Air Traffic Services to improve accessibility, flexibility and predictability in the aviation community in order to ...
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This paper presents an automated approach in three-dimensional digital model generation of human joints based on MRI and CT scans. Since both the MRI and CT scans are going to be used in the digitization process, a sy...
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