ABSTRACT A radical new approach was started to realize physical strength in digital man models. The basic idea is to synthesize individual force exertions by local muscle moments powering relevant body joints. We enve...
详细信息
human performance modeling (HPM) tools have recently been developed to accurately predict human workload and environmental performance associated with procedural changes. Often, these changes have unforeseen human per...
详细信息
human performance modeling (HPM) tools have recently been developed to accurately predict human workload and environmental performance associated with procedural changes. Often, these changes have unforeseen human performance effects. One such procedural rule change is the concept of mature free flight expected by the year 2025. Free flight is a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) system capacity strategic goal aimed at reducing flight times, crew resources, maintenance, and fuel costs by reducing rigid airway structures and in-trail spacing. An evaluation of predicted workload effects and aircraft performance associated with current day and free flight operations was performed using two integrated human performance models, Air Man-machine Integration design and Analysis System (Air MIDAS) and the Integrated Performance modeling Environment (IPME). In analyses of a common scenario, both tools revealed increases in workload from current day to free flight operations, however the models provided different performance profile predictions depending on the operator's role in the system change. These differences were in the components that made up the overall workload predictions. Some contextual evidence suggested that the proximity of the aircraft as measured by the Closest Point of Approach (CPA) did not impact workload of the simulated operators as demonstrated by the simulated CPA distances under current day operations as compared with free flight operations. This provides evidence that more focus needs to be brought to the effects of context on the workload of the virtual human operator of the National Airspace System (NAS). A validation effort of these contextual findings with human-in-the-loop data is anticipated and required prior to drawing any definite conclusions.
Forward-dynamic simulations of biomechanical movement often attempt to model exact kinematic trajectories despite the measurements demonstrating inherent motion variability. Feedback can be employed to compensate for ...
详细信息
The Requirements and Technical Concepts for Aviation, Inc. (RTCA) has recently proposed a new concept known as "free flight" for guiding the separation of aircraft in the National Airspace System (NAS). &quo...
详细信息
The Requirements and Technical Concepts for Aviation, Inc. (RTCA) has recently proposed a new concept known as "free flight" for guiding the separation of aircraft in the National Airspace System (NAS). "Free flight" in the United States is a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) strategic goal for system capacity and for Air Traffic Services to improve accessibility, flexibility, and predictability in the national airspace in order to reduce flight times, crew resources, maintenance, and fuel costs. The scenarios in the current experiment were used to explore the farthest out parameters of "free flight" anticipated by RTCA in the year 2025. An evaluation of predicted scenario generation structures associated with "current day" and "free flight" operations under a specific experimental scenario was performed using two integrated human performance modeling tools, Air Manmachine Integration design and Analysis System (Air MIDAS) and the Integrated Performance modeling Environment (IPME). In analyses of a common scenario, each tool predicted a different Point of Closest Approach (PCA) distance under "current day" operations (MAir MIDAS = 5.86 nm, MIPME = 16.67 nm) as compared with "free flight" operations (M Air MIDAS = 6.65 nm, MIPME = 4.94 nm). This indicates that differences in the proximity between the aircraft existed between the two software tools as well as the contextually sensitive variables. This provides evidence that more focus needs to be brought to the effects of contextual effects that impact the virtual human operator of the NAS. A validation effort of these contextual findings with human-in-the-loop (HITL) data is anticipated and required prior to drawing any definite conclusions.
In this study, an angle-time-based motion modification method was developed. This method allows the use of existing motion data by modifying them to fit new scenarios given as new initial and final posture constraints...
详细信息
A way to calculate representative forms from given set of forms was developed, in which surface data is modeled by polygons based on landmarks. Inter-individual distances are defined as distortions in FFD control poin...
详细信息
This article describes a method for predicting human motion where some part of the body, such as the pelvis or foot does not move. The posture at any given time can be approximated using a linkage of articulated segme...
详细信息
engineering analyses of work methods can help identify approaches to reduce the risk of occupational injuries;computer-aided simulation technology is effective in terms of time and cost for evaluating multiple work me...
详细信息
engineering analyses of work methods can help identify approaches to reduce the risk of occupational injuries;computer-aided simulation technology is effective in terms of time and cost for evaluating multiple work methods. This paper analyzed scaffolding, a common activity in construction with high frequency of overexertion injuries, through a computer simulation model (3DSSPP) to identify less stressful work strategies. A laboratory study was also performed to verify the appropriateness of using the model for scaffolding job analyses. Seven commonly used end-frame lifting techniques were evaluated. Computer simulations of these work techniques show that considerable biomechanical stress occurs to most of the workers at their shoulders and elbows. A symmetric front-lifting at knuckle height appears to be the less stressful work technique, as determined by computer simulation. The laboratory study of the seven lifting methods, by measuring whole body isometric strength, confirmed the 3DSSPP simulation results. The simulation model is suitable for identifying less stressful work methods;the net benefit achieved from the use of the model is a reduction in testing cost as compared to traditional prototyping methodologies. The "at risk" estimation of the model seems to be conservative when compared to the laboratory experiment results. This is probably because the isometric strength of construction workers is higher than that of workers in manufacturing, which was used in the 3DSSPP model.
human performance modeling (HPM) tools have recently been developed to accurately predict human workload and environmental performance associated with procedural changes. Often, these changes have unforeseen human per...
详细信息
human performance modeling (HPM) tools have recently been developed to accurately predict human workload and environmental performance associated with procedural changes. Often, these changes have unforeseen human performance effects. One such procedural rule change is the concept of mature free flight expected by the year 2025. Free flight is a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) system capacity strategic goal aimed at reducing flight times, crew resources, maintenance, and fuel costs by reducing rigid airway structures and in-trail spacing. An evaluation of predicted workload effects and aircraft performance associated with current day and free flight operations was performed using two integrated human performance models, air man-machine integration design and analysis system (Air MIDAS) and the integrated performance modeling environment (IPME). In analyses of a common scenario, both tools revealed increases in workload from current day to free flight operations, however the models provided different performance profile predictions depending on the operator's role in the system change. These differences were in the components that made up the overall workload predictions. Some contextual evidence suggested that the proximity of the aircraft as measured by the closest point of approach (CPA) did not impact workload of the simulated operators as demonstrated by the simulated CPA distances under current day operations as compared with free flight operations. This provides evidence that more focus needs to be brought to the effects of context on the workload of the virtual human operator of the National Airspace System (NAS). A validation effort of these contextual findings with human-in-the-loop data is anticipated and required prior to drawing any definite conclusions.
For the interior design of a flight simulator, the ergonomic software MDHMS has been used to test different interior layout issues. The MDHMS program includes an accomodation analysis capability which generates a digi...
详细信息
暂无评论