Current transportation safety interests involving the use of restraints in school buses, coupled with litigation claims arising from injuries to unrestrained occupants of school buses involved in rollovers, resulted i...
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This paper describes the validation of the Comfort Assessment function of RAMSIS performed at Saab Automobile AB. The purpose was to find out if the effects of a change in design on comfort can be predicted by RAMSIS....
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This paper describes the validation of the Comfort Assessment function of RAMSIS performed at Saab Automobile AB. The purpose was to find out if the effects of a change in design on comfort can be predicted by RAMSIS. An interior mock-up of a car was used, in which seat, steering wheel, accelerator pedal, brake pedal and clutch pedal could be adjusted independently. In this mock-up 21 test subjects (10 men, 11 women) were told to adjust the steering wheel and the seat in the way that they obtained a good driving position. Pedals were fixed at a pre-defined position. The test subjects were told to judge the discomfort of the driving position on a scale from 1 to 10 with 1 meaning "not at all comfortable" and 10 meaning "very comfortable". Then the test subjects were told to adjust the pedals and seat to improve the driving position, and asked to judge the discomfort of the new driving position. The seat, steering wheel and pedal positions were recorded for the two driving positions. Also, some anthropometric key dimensions were measured. A CAD model of the interior mock-up was created and transferred to RAMSIS. The anthropometric measures of the 21 test subjects were used to create RAMSIS manikins corresponding to each test subject. The manikins were positioned in the previously recorded seating position with the pre-defined pedal position. A task defining which points on the manikin should touch which surfaces in the model was created so that the manikin was positioned in a driving position. RAMSIS was used to calculate the comfort values. The pedals were repositioned according to the individual pedal arrangement for each manikin and the manikin was repositioned to the second driving position. The same task was used to calculate a new driving position, and the comfort values were calculated. For three manikins RAMSIS determined a worse comfort rating in the second driving position while the test subject specified a better comfort rating. In ten cases RAMSIS predicte
This paper reflects the work mainly of the ACTS project MISA, a three year project, whose main task is to develop and validate an integrated end-to-end management of multi-domains SDH and ATM networks. This paper prov...
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This paper reflects the work mainly of the ACTS project MISA, a three year project, whose main task is to develop and validate an integrated end-to-end management of multi-domains SDH and ATM networks. This paper provides the initial description of a new TMN service called global broadband connectivity management (GBCM) and its underlying enterprise model in the network management context. The GBCM service supports integrated broadband communication by defining an end-to-end broadband connection service in a multi-domain business environment. It represents a first step towards the design of a mediator level service between the business and the service/network management levels of TMN. This mediator level service is envisaged to support e-commerce activities for communications resources in multi-provider, multi-domain environments, i.e. connections, bandwidth and transmission resources. The GBCM service implementation by the MISA project, within trials across Europe, aimed for an efficient management of network resources of the SDH and ATM infrastructure, considering optimum end-to-end quality of service and the needs of a number of telecommunications actors: customers, value-added service providers and network providers.
SpecTRM is a systems engineering environment to support modeling and analysis during requirements generation, functional decomposition and tradeoff analysis, subsystem specification, implementation, verification, and ...
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SpecTRM is a systems engineering environment to support modeling and analysis during requirements generation, functional decomposition and tradeoff analysis, subsystem specification, implementation, verification, and system maintenance and evolution. A general goal is to build bridges among disciplines by providing integrated specifications and modeling tools that can be used by system engineers, software engineers, and human factors experts. Because many automated real-time systems have safety-critical aspects, SpecTRM provides support for hazard analysis and building safety into the design. The safety information and activities on a project are integrated into the development and decision making environment.
Deneb's Interactive Graphic Robot Instruction Progam (IGRIP) and Envision software packages with the Ergonomic analysis option enabled were used for manufacturing process analysis and maintainability/human factors...
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The use of conventional ergonomic designing aids necessitate a large experimental phase and a lot of iteration steps. Extensive tests are required by two reasons: The ergonomic design aids are not able to represent th...
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While the developing requirements of modern operations pose difficult challenges to future sonar systems, technology advances offer opportunities to conceive new and promising design solutions. With the project descri...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780350456
While the developing requirements of modern operations pose difficult challenges to future sonar systems, technology advances offer opportunities to conceive new and promising design solutions. With the project described in this paper, the NATO SACLANT Undersea Research Centre aims to respond to the new needs of accurate and flexible sonar monitoring in shallow, reverberating environments with a set of small, multistatic sources and receivers to be deployed in a modular, distributed network. This new concept largely relies for its feasibility on the latest advances in digital signal processing, data networks, satellite radio links, underwater communications, accurate geographical positioning, navigation and battery technologies. In turn, deployable multistatic sonars provide the required new features: modular extension of coverage or improvement of detection accuracy, low cost, low risk, expendability, interoperability, flexibility, ease of use and deployment. Since the peculiar characteristics of undersea acoustics highly recommend to resort to experimental validation, this project is developed through a cyclic sequence of phases: - theoretical concept studies - experiments at sea with prototypes - analysis of results - design of a better prototype The NATO SACLANT Centre is well equipped with the necessary resources to conduct this kind of mixed theoretical and practical activities. This paper summarizes the experience collected with the first prototype system and during the definition of a new technical demonstrator. It also reports the outcomes of several campaigns conducted at sea and the underlying data analysis processes. The advantages of having multiple views of the target and of extending the coverage with covert receivers are shown, both with FM and Doppler sensitive waveforms. The process of validation, analysis and extrapolation of results by means of propagation modeling is also described. The paper is concluded by an overview of the main design issues
The simulation of natural human motion remains a challenge. Considerable effort has been spent searching for methods that accurately predict how humans move under different task and environmental conditions. Motivatio...
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Computer models of the human body geared towards ergonomic analysis generally have a robot-like appearance. While some analysis tasks do not require a better representation, a high precision body surface is essential ...
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This paper reports on a dynamic simulation model developed for biomechanical analyses of lifting activities performed in the sagittal plane. The model simulates the dynamic motion of lifting tasks for five body joints...
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