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IDENTIFICATION OF human ERRORS DURING EARLY design STAGE FUNCTIONAL FAILURE ANALYSIS

IDENTIFICATION OF HUMAN ERRORS DURING EARLY DESIGN STAGE FUN...

ASME International design engineering Technical conferences (IDETC) / Computers and Information in engineering conference (CIE)

作者： Irshad, Lukman Ahmed, Salman Demirel, Onan Tumer, Irem Y. Oregon State Univ Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Corvallis OR 97331 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780791851739

Detection of potential failures and human error and their propagation over time at an early design stage will help prevent system failures and adverse accidents. Hence, there is a need for a failure analysis technique that will assess potential functional/component failures, human errors, and how they propagate to affect the system overall. Prior work has introduced FFIP (Functional Failure Identification and Propagation), which considers both human error and mechanical failures and their propagation at a system level at early design stages. However, it fails to consider the specific human actions (expected or unexpected) that contributed towards the human error. In this paper, we propose a method to expand FFIP to include human action/error propagation during failure analysis so a designer can address the human errors using human factors engineering principals at early design stages. To explore the capabilities of the proposed method, it is applied to a hold-up tank example and the results are coupled with digital human modeling to demonstrate how designers can use these tools to make better design decisions before any design commitments are made.

关键词： Errors

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The Virtuality Continuum and Storytelling: Simulation, Interactivity, User Experience and Interaction design in Virtual and Mixed Environments. A STEAM Based Approach

The Virtuality Continuum and Storytelling: Simulation, Inter...

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8th International conference on Applied human Factors and Ergonomics (AHEF) / International conferences on human Factors and Simulation and digital human modeling and Applied Optimization

作者： Luis Rubio-Tamayo, Jose Gertrudix Barrio, Manuel Garcia Garcia, Francisco King Juan Carlos Univ URJC Dept Commun Sci & Sociol Ciberimaginario Res Grp Campus Fuenlabrada Madrid Spain King Juan Carlos Univ URJC Despacho 234Edf Dept 1Campus Fuenlabrada Madrid Spain Complutense Univ Madrid UCM Fac Informat Sci UCM Despacho 221Ave Complutense S-N Madrid 28040 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783319605913;9783319605906

Virtual reality and digital environments are phenomena that have several theoretical and experimental approaches different domains research fields. The interactivity, simulation, or immersion in virtual environments help to set new research frameworks for using and implementing digital information and communication technologies. This fact contributes for several researches in order to develop new technological interactive and communicational systems. The relationships between environment, individuals and technology transform when interactive ICT systems are implemented, carrying research to new conceptual frameworks. The current research explores possibilities and potential of digital interactive and immersive environments, in order to contribute to set models to communicate with the technological interfaces, as well as designing new conceptual interaction systems. Thus, design of interactive systems needs to be focuses in practices such as user experience and interaction design, as well as integrate storytelling or specifications such as IMS LD, in order to improve the design of those systems. The research aims also focus in interdisciplinary such as approaches STEAM (Science, Technology, engineering, Arts and Mathematics). Results describe how virtual reality or emerging ICT have a strong impact in the interaction between individuals and their environments, and open lines of research in aforementioned disciplines (interaction design, user experience, human-computer interaction, video game design or communication systems and processes, or ergonomics and cognitive science), improving interactive process between users, digital information and virtual and physic environments.

关键词： Communication environments Computer simulation Interaction Simulation Virtual reality

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Investigation into Ergonomics in Logistics Sorting Equipment

Investigation into Ergonomics in Logistics Sorting Equipment

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IEEE International conference on Computation, Communication and engineering (ICCCE)

作者： Yue Li School of Mechanical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728131122

ISBN: (纸本)9781728131139

This paper aims to improve the working efficiency and workers' comfort by designing the operation and logistics sorting equipment. First of all, the device evaluation was carried out in the form of questionnaire and interview for on-the-job Courier sorting workers. Secondly, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) was adopted to analyze workers' operating Posture. Considering the types, function, frequency of use, function and order of use of devices, each device is put in the optimal position according to ergonomics principle, and the size of these devices conforms to the relevant regulations of adult human body size. A computer-aided ergonomics analysis software Jack is introduced to create a digital human model and a logistics sorting operation system. The simulation is carried out to evaluate the design scheme in terms of human comfort and sorting efficiency, and an ergonomic work system is proposed.

关键词： Sorting Analytical models Logistics Belts Ergonomics Computational modeling Fatigue

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Sketching with a Purpose: Moving from Supporting modeling to Supporting Software engineering Activities 11

Sketching with a Purpose: Moving from Supporting Modeling to...

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11th IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Cooperative and human Aspects of Software engineering (CHASE)

作者： Book, Matthias van der Hoek, Andre Univ Iceland Reykjavik Iceland Univ Calif Irvine Irvine CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450357258

With the advent of large interactive displays and the increasing ubiquity of touch-enabled devices, digital sketching tools are becoming viable alternatives to classic whiteboards for the design and engineering of software systems. In this paper, we argue that current sketching tools still focus largely on creating sketches as artifacts (mostly, models), rather than recognizing sketches as byproducts of engineers' thought processes as they tackle a broad variety of complex engineering activities. We therefore advocate a more activity-than artifact-oriented view of sketching and propose research on a number of ways in which digital sketching can support cognitively demanding software engineering activities more directly.

关键词： Sketching software development tools interaction modality

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modeling and design: A hands-on introduction to biomedical engineering 125

Modeling and design: A hands-on introduction to biomedical e...

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125th ASEE Annual conference and exposition

作者： Haase, Eileen Johns Hopkins University United States

How can we impart the excitement of biomedical engineering to our freshmen from the moment they step on campus? We have found great success with "modeling and design" an innovative, required course which engages our students as biomedical engineers from their first day at Johns Hopkins. Small groups, guided by upperclassmen lab managers, teaching assistants, and faculty, work through five modules including modeling human efficiency, the arm, and the cardiovascular system, as well as a foam core design project. By the conclusion of the fifth module, an independent modeling project, 96% of the students appreciate the value of working in teams to tackle complex challenges. They have become adept at developing and testing their hypotheses, and presenting their results through written lab reports and oral presentations. By the end of the semester, 84% of freshmen "strongly agreed" or "agreed" that the course had met its goal of providing a solid introduction to modeling physiological systems, academic and career mentoring, exposure to research and design opportunities available at Johns Hopkins, and a concrete basis for a career choice in BME. More importantly, the course helps set up our students for long-term academic success, as indicated by a 94% freshmen/sophomore retention rate. Developing a mathematical model to describe a physiological system is a new concept for freshmen. For each project, the freshmen are provided with a one page background summary with just enough information to get started. Experimental testing of the mathematical model is an essential component of the learning process, and allows the students to collect data and perform a statistical analysis of their model. At first, the process of making assumptions, writing equations, developing an experimental protocol to test the model, and analyzing the results is daunting. By the final independent project, 88% of students felt exploring their own topic was an "excellent" or "good" learning experience

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Basic reflections on the implementation of different 3D technologies co-operating in the architectural design process

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IOP conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第3期1203卷

作者： Aleksander Filip Furmanek Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology Department of Architecture and Town Planning Al. Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7 85-796 Bydgoszcz Poland

The constant progress of technique is inevitable nowadays and seems to be the same in a predictable future. The observation of this phenomenon leads us to formulate a few reflections on it. The use of advanced techniques causes a clearer detachment of production processes from human work. Robotics and automation were initially supposed to facilitate the production of elements, but over time they began to replace humans more and more. Will there be a place for human work in the future? It is already being pushed out of many bastions in which it was supposed to be indispensable. Autonomous cars and buses are the best example of this. Can similar phenomena be noticed in design? Will the machine replace the creator? The development of artificial intelligence (AI) shows that it is possible. Complicated algorithms are already able to compose a piece of classical music. In the case of architecture, architects are still in the lead, however, one has to take into account the conquest of this field by AI. At the moment, designers have various advanced techniques at their disposal to facilitate and accelerate their work. The most important among them are: digital 3D modeling CAD (Computer Aided design), Building Information modeling (BIM), visualizations, and computer animations mainly used to present ready-made ideas, but also useful at the concept stage. Apart from them, three-dimensional printing is also important, as well as three-dimensional design of structures. The above technologies are increasingly used in the design process. They are more compatible with each other than before. They allow you to save labour, accelerate the implementation of tasks, as well as to optimise the designed buildings in many respects related to construction, prefabrication or energy efficiency, to name just a few. An important, although not very common, advantage of technological innovations is their use not only during design and construction, but also during the maintenance of ready-made b

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Body Area Network Transfer Function Measurement with Frequency Band From 3 GHz to 9 GHz

Body Area Network Transfer Function Measurement with Frequen...

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International ECTI Northern Section conference on Electrical, Electronics, Computer and Telecommunications engineering (ECTI-NCON)

作者： Aditep Chaisang Sathaporn Promwong Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabung Bangkok THAILAND

Wireless technology for body area network (BAN) is significant interesting in the modern development of short range wireless communication network. Impulse characterization of ultra-wideband is important parameter that used to study in order to understand a signal propagation of BAN channel. Since the complexity of wireless human body applications are higher than another application. Anyway, it is important to understand the channel distribution characteristics due to human body effect. In this research report, transfer function of BAN channel at frequency 3 - 9 GHz have been presented as the characteristics of waveform transmission in case of with and without human body for apply to the development of short range wireless applications based on the measurement data of this report. To obtain the maximum value of signal to noise ratio (SNR), the matched filter was used as the optimum receiver for better signal quality and well evaluation of BAN system. The transmission equation of Friis was introduce to evaluate the measurement results in this report. The proposed method provides a higher precision and useful for the analysis and design of BAN channel to apply with the system of wireless medical system which focusing on the distortion of transmission signal.

关键词： Mathematical model Wireless communication Transfer functions Receiving antennas Biological system modeling Antenna measurements Transmitting antennas

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A design Pattern for Working Agreements in human-Autonomy Teaming

A Design Pattern for Working Agreements in Human-Autonomy Te...

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8th International conference on Applied human Factors and Ergonomics (AHEF) / International conferences on human Factors and Simulation and digital human modeling and Applied Optimization

作者： Gutzwiller, Robert S. Espinosa, Sarah H. Kenny, Caitlin Lange, Douglas S. Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific 53560 Hull St San Diego CA 92152 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783319605913;9783319605906

humans and machines are increasingly reliant upon each other in complex environments and military operations. The near future suggests human understanding of machine counterparts is a required, paradigmatic element. Knowing how to engineer and design for these environments is challenging. The complexity between levels of automation, human information processing, and function allocation authority issues in an adaptive system make it unlikely to find a "one-size-fits-all" approach. There may still be general strategies for engineering in these cases;for example, collaborating and coordinating are familiar requirements of all human team activities, and extend to human-automation teaming. Here, we outline what we believe is one so-called "design pattern" for working agreements. We use the loose structure of prior software design patterns to organize our thoughts on why working agreements are necessary, where and how they are applicable, what instantiating them requires, and how to measure their effectiveness. By choosing the design pattern structure, we end up carefully describing what might work best and what the limits are toward improving human-machine teaming.

关键词： human-machine teaming Working agreements design patterns human automation interaction

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Task Analysis and Comfort Evaluation Through Simulations: Differences Between Subjective Perceptions and Simulated Data in the Case of Car-Hood Lifting

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International conference on Social & Occupational Ergonomics/8th International conference on Applied human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE)

作者： Naddeo, Alessandro Ambrosio, Davide D. Antonini, Bruno Univ Salerno Dept Ind Engn Via Giovanni Paolo 2132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy FCA Grp SPA Via Ex Aeroporto SNC I-80080 Pomigliano Darco NA Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783319608280;9783319608273

The preventive evaluation of perceived (dis)comfort during the early stages of the design process is still an open issue. In Car development process, all tasks that involve human operations have to be taken into account while thinking and developing new solutions. Fortunately, modern technologies like CAE (Computer Aided engineering) and DHM (digital human modeling), and some new simulation software, like AnyBody (TM) or Jack(C) by Siemens PLM, allow to investigate, through simulation, some of the aspects related to comfort perception in humans. In addition, the software named CaMAN (R), developed at University of Salerno, allows the postural comfort evaluations of upper limbs. The questions to which this paper tries to give answers are: (1) Is it possible to correlate the simulated muscular activation with perceived (dis)comfort during a manual task? (2) How different are the subjective perceived (dis)comfort, rated by the Borg Scale and the (dis)comfort index calculated by software?

关键词： (Dis)comfort perception Muscular fatigue evaluation Task analysis human factors Car-Subsystems development Comfort driven design

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Learning Time-Series Data of Industrial design Optimization using Recurrent Neural Networks

Learning Time-Series Data of Industrial Design Optimization ...

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IEEE International conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDM Workshops)

作者： Sneha Saha Thiago Rios Stefan Menzel Bernhard Sendhoff Thomas Bäck Xin Yao Zhao Xu Patricia Wollstadt Honda Research Institute Europe GmbH Offenbach Germany Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science Leiden Netherlands CERCIA School of Computer Science University of Birmingham UK Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China NEC Laboratories Europe Heidelberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728148977

In automotive digital development, 3D shape morphing techniques are used to create new designs in order to match design targets, such as aerodynamic or stylistic requirements. Control-point based shape morphing alters existing geometries either through human user interactions or through computational optimization algorithms that optimize for product performance targets. Shape morphing is typically continuous and results in potentially large data sets of time-series recordings of control point movements. In the present paper, we utilize recurrent neural networks to model such time-series recordings in order to predict future design steps based on the history of currently performed design modifications. To build a data set sufficiently large for the training of neural networks, we use target shape matching optimization as digital analogy for a human user interactive shape modification and to build data sets of control point movements in an automated fashion. Experiments show the potential of recurrent neural networks to successfully learn time-series data representing design changes and to perform single-and multi-step prediction of potential next design steps. We thus demonstrate the feasibility of recurrent neural networks for learning successful design sequences in order to predict promising next design steps in future design tasks.

关键词： Shape Optimization Task analysis Recurrent neural networks Three-dimensional displays Solid modeling Data models

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