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检索条件"任意字段=Digital Video Compression: Algorithms and Technologies 1996"

共 515 条记录，以下是361-370 订阅

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Multiresolution motion estimation for the MPEG coder

Multiresolution motion estimation for the MPEG coder

引用

digital video compression: algorithms and technologies 1996

作者： Calvagno, Giancarlo Rinaldo, R. Sbaiz, Luciano M. Univ. di Padova Padova Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819420425

The first step of the coding technique proposed in the MPEG standard is motion compensation. It reduces the residual error energy using a fraction of the total bit rate to transmit motion information. Motion compensation is performed using a block matching approach though the algorithm to compute motion vectors is not given in the MPEG standard. Usually, an exhaustive search around the macroblock position is used. This solution (proposed in the test model) gives the lowest error but has the highest complexity. In this work we propose an algorithm that reduces the complexity of the block matching procedure while achieving comparable performance with the exhaustive search. The proposed solution is particularly attractive for the spatially scalable version of the coder when both a full resolution and a spatially downsampled sequence are transmitted. The algorithm uses a multiresolution motion compensation scheme. Exhaustive search block matching is performed in the downsampled sequence and the vector field computed is used as an estimate of the motion vectors for the full resolution sequence. Thus, only a refinement needs to be computed. This allows a consistent reduction of the computation time with respect to exhaustive search at the full resolution level, while the residual error energy increases only slightly.

关键词： video signal processing

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Fast motion detection and compensation method based on hybrid mapping parameter estimation and hierarchical structure in object-oriented coding

Fast motion detection and compensation method based on hybri...

引用

Conference on digital compression technologies and Systems for video Communications

作者： Lee, CB Park, RH ETRI NEW MEDIA SERV SECTTAEJON 305600SOUTH KOREA

ISBN: (纸本)0819423564

This paper investigates motion estimation and compensation in object-oriented analysis-synthesis coding. Object- oriented coding employs a mapping parameter technique for estimating motion information in each object. The mapping parameter technique using gradient operators requires high computational complexity. The main objective of this paper is to propose a hybrid mapping parameter estimation method using the hierarchical structure in object-oriented coding. The hierarchical structure employed constructs a low- resolution image. Then six mapping parameters for each object are estimated from the low-resolution image and these parameter values are verified based on the displaced frame difference (DFD). If the verification test succeeds, the parameters and object boundaries are coded. Otherwise, eight mapping parameters are estimated in a low-resolution image and the verification test is again applied to an image reconstructed by estimated parameters. If it succeeds, the parameters and object boundaries are coded, otherwise, the regions are coded by second-order polynomial approximation. Theoretical analysis and computer simulation show that the peak signal to nose ratio (PSNR) of the image reconstructed by the proposed method lies between those of images reconstructed by the conventional 6- and 8-parameter estimation methods with reduction of the computation time by a factor of about four.

关键词： Motion estimation Image analysis Associative arrays Image compression Image resolution Motion detection Computer simulations Image quality Motion analysis Motion models

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Twelve Bit Acquisition, the Next Step in digital Broadcast Cameras 138

Twelve Bit Acquisition, the Next Step in Digital Broadcast C...

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138th SMPTE Technical Conference Technical Papers Program

作者： Van Rooy, Jan Voet, Rob Philips Broadcast Television Systems Breda Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781614829256

CCD image sensors are capable of delivering at least 600% of linear video to the signal processing. This headroom is needed to reproduce large scene contrasts in a convincing way on displays not capable to handle these large contrasts. Today's cameras have 10 bit A/D conversion in the video path. This calls for some form of nonlinear analog processing like (pre-)gamma or (pre-)knee to handle these 600% signals. This weakens the well known arguments of better accuracy and stability for these digital cameras: non-linear circuits like knee, gamma and whiteshading multipliers are not the most accurate and stable analog circuits. The move to 12 bit A/D conversion in the camera allows digital videoprocessing with sufficient dynamic range, and all non-linear processing in the digital signal path. This also opens the way to reconsider processing, given the new possibilities of the digital domain. Examples will be given in the paper. Some items that will be addressed are: dynamic pixel correction, automatic skin contours and a new digital highlight compression with improved color fidelity. The architecture of a 12 bit camera, the Philips BTS LDK20P will be explained in the paper, together with the algorithms used. © 1996 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

关键词： video signal processing

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Cubic spline approximation of rate and distortion functions for MPEG video

Cubic spline approximation of rate and distortion functions ...

引用

digital video compression: algorithms and technologies 1996

作者： Lin, Liang-Jin Ortega, Antonio Kuo, C.-C.J. Univ. of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819420425

The rate control algorithm plays an important role for improving and stabilizing the playback quality for video coded with the MPEG standard. Several optimal control techniques have been proposed to aim at the best possible quality for a given channel rate and buffer size. Some of these approaches are complex in that they require the rate and distortion characteristics of the input data to be measured. This motivates us to pursue a method for approximating the rate and distortion functions to reduce the computations. Previous work has been based to a large extent on modeling the distortion as negative exponential functions of the rate. This type of model ignores many factors in a real MPEG encoding process and is not general enough for all video sources. In this paper, we use piece-wise polynomials to approximate the frame-level rate and distortion. The frame dependency between the predictive frame and its reference frames is also considered in our model. Compared to other models, our method is relatively more complex but gives more accurate results. We observe low average relative model errors, which indicates that the model is accurate for most of the quantization settings. We use the model within our gradient-based rate control algorithm and show how using the model one can closely approximate the solution obtained using the actual data. Finally, we apply a simplified version of the model to a new fast algorithm derived from the MPEG Test Model 5, and demonstrate that both the quality (in terms of PSNR) and stability of the quality can be improved.

关键词： video signal processing

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A Studio compression Format for HDTV Applications 138

A Studio Compression Format for HDTV Applications

引用

138th SMPTE Technical Conference Technical Papers Program

作者： Balakrishnan, Mahesh Challapali, Kiran Radha, Hayder Philips Research Briarcliff ManorNY10510 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781614829256

This paper presents a video compression format for HDTV video to be used in studio applications. digital HDTV signals need to be compressed in order to be routed or stored within a studio. The bitrates targeted support the use of viable networking technologies such as SMPTE-259 and OC-3. The requirements of a studio are considered in the choice of the format. These requirements include excellent picture quality, good quality even in the presence of cascaded coding, adequate sampling of the chroma signal, support for studio operations such as chroma-keying, and frame or field accurate editing. We will also examine techniques for switching between highly compressed video signals, a requirement in the studio, both for production purposes and for transitioning between programs or commercials. © 1996 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

关键词： Studios

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Evaluation of lossless compression of Teletext and graphics images for TV systems

Evaluation of lossless compression of Teletext and graphics ...

引用

digital compression technologies and Systems for video Communications

作者： With, Peter H. Schaar-Mitrea, Mihaela v. Philips Research Labs. Eindhoven Neth

ISBN: (纸本)0819423564

The diversity in the nature of TV images is increasing due to the mixing of graphics data with natural scenery. In this paper we study the lossless coding of such graphics data with the objective to come to recommendations for video compression of such images. For this purpose, a comparison has been made between contour coding, template coding and run-length coding of graphical imagery. It is concluded that template coding is suitable for TXT-like images but it is not practical for more generic graphics images. For menus and similar imagery, contour and run-length coding provide interesting options.

关键词： Image compression

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Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE 39th Midwest Symposium on Circuits & Systems. Part 2 (of 3)

Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE 39th Midwest Symposium on Circu...

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Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE 39th Midwest Symposium on Circuits & Systems. Part 3 (of 3)

The proceedings contains 91 papers from the 1996 IEEE 39th Midwest Symposium on Circuits & Systems. Topics discussed include: fuzzy logic and control;VLSI circuits;application specific integrated circuits (ASICs);transconductance amplifiers;color image processing;vector quantization;image segmentation;object and character recognition;digital filters;Kalman and adaptive filtering techniques;video coding and compression;digital signal processing;CMOS devices;dynamic programming;adaptive algorithms;neural networks;inference engines;spread spectrum communication systems;multiplexing;and robotics.

关键词： Signal processing

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Hierarchicalvideo compression using SBC

HierarchicalVideo Compression using SBC

引用

作者： Frank Bosveld Delft University of Technology

学位级别：博士

Currently, a new and fascinating area of multimedia applications is emerging. This area embodies the traditionally distinct application areas of telecommunications, broadcasting, computers, and consumer electronics and offers consumers a wide variety of new and en- hanced applications. The push behind these applications is the convergence of a number of technologies (digital signal processing, transmission, storage, and integrated circuit de- sign) in combination with a number of standardization activities (JPEG, MPEG, DVB, and DAVIC). The success of these new multimedia applications will depend on the degree of interoperability that will exists between multimedia systems. With interoperability, users can enjoy a large number of applications with a limited number of devices. The degree of interoperability can be increased by compressing and/or representing the video components of multimedia applications in a scalable way. Scalable means here that the video signal can be reproduced at various quality levels by decoding different portions of the compressed data. Such a feature is useful when, for example, a multimedia device has to visualize a high resolution video signal on a low resolution display, or when the delivery of the video signal is error-prone. In the latter case, the scalably compressed video signals can be made to degrade in a graceful way when delivery errors occur. video signals are very suitable for scalable compression. This is partly due to the large intelligibility of video signals, which makes them recognisable at a wide variety of signal qualities. For video signals, four basic types of scalability can be deﬁned: namely, amplitude, frequency, spatial, and temporal scalability. Amplitude and frequency scalability are both related to the SNR quality of the signal, while spatial and temporal scalability are related to the spatial resolution and temporal resolution of the video signal, respectively. To implement scalability, multimedia systems may us

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Optimal quad-tree-based motion estimator

Optimal quad-tree-based motion estimator

引用

digital compression technologies and Systems for video Communications

作者： Schuster, Guido M. Katsaggelos, Aggelos K. Northwestern Univ. Des Plaines IL USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819423564

In this paper we propose an optimal quad-tree (QT)-based motion estimator for video compression. It is optimal in the sense that for a given bit budget for encoding the displacement vector field (DVF) and the QT segmentation, the scheme finds a DVF and a QT segmentation which minimizes the energy of the resulting displaced frame difference (DFD). We find the optimal QT decomposition and the optimal DVF jointly using the Lagrangian multiplier method and a multilevel dynamic program. The resulting DVF is spatially inhomogeneous since large blocks are used in areas with simple motion and small blocks in areas with complex motion. We present results with the proposed QT-based motion estimator which show that for the same DFD energy the proposed estimator uses about 30% fewer bits than the commonly used block matching algorithm.

关键词： Image compression

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Object-based coding through multigrid representation

Object-based coding through multigrid representation

引用

digital video compression: algorithms and technologies 1996

作者： Marichal, Xavier De Vleeschouwer, Christophe Delmot, Thierry Macq, Benoit M. Univ. Catholique de Louvain Louvain la Neuve Belg

ISBN: (纸本)0819420425

This paper presents a very low bit-rate coding algorithm based on image split in order to represent it through an adaptive multigrid supported by a binary tree structure. Independently of its tree representation, the picture is segmented via a watershed procedure and several criteria are combined to automatically extract interesting areas of the image. This object information is not transmitted but used to reduce picture complexity, and therefore the bit-rate, while keeping a good subjective quality. This is achieved by a merge procedure which homogenizes values of the tree subblocks belonging to a same non-interesting object. This treatment affects both intra- and inter-images. For intra-images, the resulting tree structure is entropy coded while its leaves are encoded through a DPCM procedure followed by a multi-Huffman coder. For inter-images, a motion field is adaptated by an adaptative block matching algorithm which is a kind of BMA for which blocksize is chosen in order to reach a sufficient level of confidence. Residues, essential to correct motion compensation artifacts, are sent through local intra-trees or, if the bit-rate allows it, through DCT blocks, allowing to reach an arbitrary level of quality. During the reconstruction step, an object oriented approach combined with the use of overlapping functions allows to reduce block artifacts while keeping sharp edges.

关键词： video signal processing

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