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检索条件"任意字段=Digital Video Compression: Algorithms and Technologies 1996"

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FEASIBILITY OF video CODEC algorithms FOR SOFTWARE-ONLY PLAYBACK

FEASIBILITY OF VIDEO CODEC ALGORITHMS FOR SOFTWARE-ONLY PLAY...

引用

Conference on digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies

作者： RODRIGUEZ, AA MORSE, K KALEIDA LABS INC MT VIEWCA 94043

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

Software-only video codecs can provide good playback performance in desktop computers with a 486 or 68040 CPU running at 33 MHz without special hardware assistance. Typically, playback of compressed video can be categorized into three tasks: the actual decoding of the video stream, color conversion, and the transfer of decoded video data from system RAM to video RAM. By current standards, good playback performance is the decoding and display of video streams of 320 by 240 (or larger) compressed frames at 15 (or greater) frames-per- second. Software-only video codecs have evolved by modifying and tailoring existing compression methodologies to suit video playback in desktop computers. In this paper we examine the characteristics used to evaluate software-only video codec algorithms, namely: image fidelity (i.e., image quality), bandwidth (i.e., compression) ease-of-decoding (i.e., playback performance), memory consumption, compression to decompression asymmetry, scalability, and delay. We discuss the tradeoffs among these variables and the compromises that can be made to achieve low numerical complexity for software-only playback. Frame- differencing approaches are described since software-only video codecs typically employ them to enhance playback performance. To complement other papers that appear in this session of the Proceedings, we review methods derived from binary pattern image coding since these methods are amenable for software-only playback. In particular, we introduce a novel approach called pixel distribution image coding.

关键词： video video compression Computing systems Image compression Image quality Quantization Computer programming Data conversion video coding Binary data

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video SCENE DECOMPOSITION WITH THE MOTION-PICTURE PARSER

VIDEO SCENE DECOMPOSITION WITH THE MOTION-PICTURE PARSER

引用

Conference on digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies

作者： DEARDORFF, E LITTLE, TDC MARSHALL, JD VENKATESH, D WALZER, R BOSTON UNIV DEPT ELECT COMP & SYST ENGNMULTIMEDIA COMMUN LABBOSTONMA 02215

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

A motion picture can be modeled as a composition of many scenes where each scene is comprised of multiple shots. Thus, a conventional movie is a sequential aggregation of a large number of disparate image sequences. Within each image sequence or shot, there is consistency in image content and dynamics. This consistency in dynamics can be used in identifying scene changes for video segment decomposition and for techniques to improve data compression. We have developed an algorithm to use these dynamics for scene change detection and the decomposition of video streams into constituent logical shots. The algorithm uses intraframe image complexity and identifies scene transitions by considering short-term temporal dynamics. The algorithm has shown to be effective for detecting both abrupt scene changes (cuts) as well as smooth scene changes (fades and dissolves). This algorithm is used in an application we have developed called the Motion Picture Parser (MPP). The MPP automates the process of tagging segments of motion-JPEG-compressed movies. Segments are also tagged for subsequent semantic content-based retrieval in units of shots and scenes. The MPP application consists of a graphical user interface with various editing controls.

关键词： video Data modeling Databases video processing video compression Control systems Motion models Algorithm development Image processing algorithms and systems Image segmentation

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A COMPUTATIONALLY FAST WAVELET-BASED video CODING SCHEME

A COMPUTATIONALLY FAST WAVELET-BASED VIDEO CODING SCHEME

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Conference on digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies

作者： SENGUPTA, A HILTON, M JAWERTH, B UNIV S CAROLINA DEPT COMP SCICOLUMBIASC 29208

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

Wavelet transforms have recently been used with great success in software-only still image coding applications;their use in software-only video coding, however, has been impeded by the high computational cost of performing the wavelet transform. For example, performing a full inverse wavelet transform on a 251 by 256 pixel, 8-bits per pixel greyscale image takes about 0.25 seconds on a 66Mhz 80486 PC. We present a new technique for rapidly evaluating the inverse wavelet transform in video compression applications. The wavelet transform decomposes each pixel in an image into a linear combination of basis functions. Typically, very few pixels in a video sequence change from one image to the next;therefore, very few of the coefficients in the transformed video sequence change from one image to the next. We capitalize on this fact, and speed up the reconstruction of transformed image sequences by computing the inverse transform for only those coefficients that have changed since the previous image. Our prototype software-only video decompressor based on this idea is capable of reconstructing 256 by 256, 8-bits per pixel, greyscale images at a rate of 18 frames per second at a compression ratio of about 22:1. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pixels

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TRANSFORM CODING FOR LOW BIT-RATE APPLICATIONS

TRANSFORM CODING FOR LOW BIT-RATE APPLICATIONS

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Conference on digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies

作者： PONCELEON, DB WANG, KS WU, H NORMILE, J APPLE COMP INC CUPERTINOCA 95014

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

Low bit rate image coding at 10 kbit/s and less is a difficult problem and does not appear possible with the current generation of block transform based methods. Current research efforts center around the use of transforms with less objectionable artifacts such as wavelets or model based methods. We examine a method that is transform based but captures specific features of the image to be represented. The transform uses principal component analysis to generate a basis set specific to the particular class of images to be coded. We present results from a transform designed for use in a `talking head' sequence. Significant improvement in reconstructed quality is shown when perceptual weighting is used in generating the basis set. The appendix includes details of computationally efficient methods for deriving the basis set as well as a description of the weighting method.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio Mouth Head video Eye Image compression Detection and tracking algorithms Facial recognition systems Image quality Principal component analysis

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MODULATED LAPPED TRANSFORMS IN IMAGE-CODING

MODULATED LAPPED TRANSFORMS IN IMAGE-CODING

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Conference on digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies

作者： DEQUEIROZ, RL RAO, KR UNIV TEXAS DEPT ELECT ENGNARLINGTONTX 76019

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

The class of modulated lapped transforms (MLT) with extended overlap is investigated in image coding. The finite-length-signals implementation using symmetric extensions is introduced and human visual sensitivity arrays are computed. Theoretical comparisons with other popular transforms are carried and simulations are made using intraframe coders. Emphasis is given in transmission over packet networks assuming high rate of data losses. The MLT with overlap factor 2 is shown to be superior in all our tests with bonus features such as greater robustness against block losses.

关键词： Transform theory Image compression Modulation Optical filters Linear filtering Signal to noise ratio Matrices Radon Visualization Prototyping

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MOTION-COMPENSATED VISUAL-PATTERN IMAGE SEQUENCE CODING

MOTION-COMPENSATED VISUAL-PATTERN IMAGE SEQUENCE CODING

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Conference on digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies

作者： BARNETT, B BOVIK, AC UNIV TEXAS DEPT COMP & ELECT ENGNAUSTINTX 78712

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

This paper presents an improved motion compensated version of the Visual Pattern Image Sequence Coding (VPISC) paradigm. It is a high performance video codec that is easily implemented in software. Software video codecs are not only cheaper, but are more flexible system solutions because they enable multi-vendor computers to exchange encoded video information without requiring on-board protocol compatible video codec hardware. The codec is intended for real-time desktop computer applications like multimedia delivery, and local area network (as well as point-to-point) televideo conferencing. We describe a version of motion compensated VPISC (MCVPISC) that has achieved bit rates of 0.025 bpp or better for MPEG test sequences (source coding has further reduced the bit rate by about half). The computational complexity of the encoder is less than 3 integer operations per pixel. The decoder is bounded between 0.016 and 0.125 logical and integer operations per pixel.

关键词： Visualization Image compression Computer programming Information visualization Image visualization Optical parametric oscillators video Image quality Motion estimation Visual process modeling

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DESIGN OF A MOTION JPEG (M/JPEG) ADAPTER CARD

DESIGN OF A MOTION JPEG (M/JPEG) ADAPTER CARD

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Conference on digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies

作者： LEE, DH SUDHARSANAN, S IBM CORP HAWTHORNENY 10532

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

In this paper we describe a design of a high performance JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) Micro Channel adapter card. The card, tested on a range of PS/2 platforms (models 50 to 95), can complete JPEG operations on a 640 by 240 pixel image within 1/60 of a second, thus enabling real-time capture and display of high quality digital video. The card accepts digital pixels for either a YUV 4:2:2 or an RGB 4:4:4 pixel bus and has been shown to handle up to 2.05 MBytes/second of compressed data. The compressed data is transmitted to a host memory area by Direct Memory Access operations. The card uses a single C-Cube's CL550 JPEG processor that complies with the baseline JPEG. We give broad descriptions of the hardware that controls the video interface, CL550, and the system interface. Some critical design points that enhance the overall performance of the M/JPEG systems are pointed out. The control of the adapter card is achieved by an interrupt driven software that runs under DOS. The software performs a variety of tasks that include change of color space (RGB or YUV), change of quantization and Huffman tables, odd and even field control and some diagnostic operations.

关键词： video video compression Logic Control systems Computing systems Intelligence systems Human-machine interfaces Data storage Standards development Image quality

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SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF MPEG-II video ENCODING USING SOCKET PROGRAMMING IN LAN

SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF MPEG-II VIDEO ENCODING USING SOCK...

引用

Conference on digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies

作者： YU, YB ANASTASSIOU, D COLUMBIA UNIV DEPT ELECT ENGNNEW YORKNY 10027

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

This contribution will examine the parallel characteristics of MPEG video encoding and explore the feasibility of using a group of workstations under a LAN to perform MPEG-II encoding. An analysis of partitioning the MPEG algorithm into several tasks is presented. This is followed by the details of implementation by using socket programming as a means to coordinate the workstations. The following conclusions have been reached: (1) Since each slice header has a start code which is byte-aligned, each slice is a good basic unit for parallel processing. This is the case for I- P- and B-pictures. (2) All the most computationally expensive operations, such as Motion Estimation and DCT, can be conducted in parallel. (3) The quantization parameter is processed in a sequential manner since it should be derived from the history of the encoding. Computer simulations have been conducted, and the bitstreams generated are the same as those of a sequential encoder and can be decoded by an MPEG-II decoder.

关键词： Computer programming Image processing Parallel processing video coding Local area networks Motion estimation video Quantization Internet Computer simulations

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Rate- And resolution-scalable 3-D subband coding of video

Rate- And resolution-scalable 3-D subband coding of video

引用

digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies 1994

作者： Taubman, David Zakhor, Avideh University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States

We propose a full colour video compression strategy, based on 3-D subband coding with camera pan compensation, to generate a single embedded bit stream supporting multiple decoder display formats and a wide, finely gradated range of bit rates. An experimental implementation of our algorithm produces a single bit stream, from which suitable subsets are extracted to be compatible with many useful decoder frame sizes and frame rates and to satisfy transmission bandwidth constraints ranging from several tens of kilo-bits per second to several megabits per second. Reconstructed video quality from any of these bit stream subsets is often found to exceed that obtained from an MPEG-1 implementation, operated with equivalent bit rate constraints, in both perceptual quality and mean squared error. In addition, when restricted to two dimensions, the algorithm produces some of the best results available in still image compression. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image compression

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ISO IEC SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF MPEG-1 video

ISO IEC SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF MPEG-1 VIDEO

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Conference on digital video compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and technologies

作者： FOGG, C AU, P ECKART, S HANAMURA, T OOSA, K QUANDT, B WATANABE, H UNIV WASHINGTON SEATTLEWA 98195

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

The MPEG-1 video standard, ISO/IEC 11172 Part 2, specifies the syntax and the semantic rules by which bitstreams are generated in the encoder, and arithmetic rules by which pictures are reconstructed in the decoder. The actual encoder model is left open to the designer to choose among different cost and quality tradeoffs. An example encoder strategy is described in the informative annex D. A technical report giving a full encoder and decoder implementation expressed in the ANSI C programming language will become the fifth part of the ISO/IEC 11172 document. The encoder is based on a test model shaped by participants of the MPEG committee that produces good picture quality while exercising the full video syntax. The decoder employs full arithmetic accuracy at all stages, and include bitstream conformance checks. Finally, a companion systems codec demonstrates the temporal link between the systems and the video layers. To better serve as a learning tool for novices, the code is optimized for clarity rather than execution speed. In addition to an overview of the program, this paper provides a brief description of the encoder model.

关键词： Computer programming video Quantization Motion estimation Motion models Semantic video Image processing Systems modeling Compact discs Standards development

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