Pervasive computing environments add a multitude of additional devices to our current computing landscapes. Specialized embedded systems provide sensor information about the real world or offer a distinct functionalit...
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Pervasive computing environments add a multitude of additional devices to our current computing landscapes. Specialized embedded systems provide sensor information about the real world or offer a distinct functionality, e.g. presentation on a "smart wall". Spontaneous networking leads to constantly changing availability of services. This requires middleware support to ease application development. Additionally, we argue that an extensible middleware platform covering small embedded systems to fill-fledged desktop computers is needed. Such a middleware should provide easy-to-use abstractions to access remote services and device-specific capabilities. We present a micro-broker-based approach which meets these requirements by allowing uniform access to device capabilities and services through proxies and the integration of different interoperability protocols. A minimum configuration of the middleware can be executed on embedded systems. Resource-rich execution environments are supported by the extensibility of the middleware.
Energy related research in wireless ad hoc sensor networks (WASNs) is focusing on energy saving techniques in the application-, protocol-, service-, or hardware-level. Little has been done to manage the finite amount ...
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Energy related research in wireless ad hoc sensor networks (WASNs) is focusing on energy saving techniques in the application-, protocol-, service-, or hardware-level. Little has been done to manage the finite amount of energy for a given (possibly optimally-designed) set of applications, protocols and hardware. Given multiple candidate applications (i.e., distributed algorithms in a WASN) of different energy costs and different user rewards, how does one manage a finite energy amount? Where does one provide energy, so as to maximize the useful work done (i.e. maximize user rewards)? We formulate the problem at the node-level, by having system-level "hints" from the applications. In order to tackle the central problem we first identify the energy consumption patterns of applications in WASNs, we propose ways for real-time measurements of the energy consumption by individual applications, and we solve the problem of estimating the extra energy consumption that a new application brings to a set of executing applications. Having these tools at our disposal, and by properly abstracting the problem we present an optimal admission control policy and a post-admission policing mechanism at the node-level. The admission policy can achieve up to 48% increase in user rewards compared to the absence of energy management, for a variety of application mixes.
This paper presents an approach that enables a mobile "interceptor" robot to intercept targets in an indoor environment using information from a distributed acoustic sensor network. The approach assumes the ...
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This paper presents an approach that enables a mobile "interceptor" robot to intercept targets in an indoor environment using information from a distributed acoustic sensor network. The approach assumes the indoor environment has been previously mapped and that the sensor nodes know their position in the map. The targets are localized in the sensor network based upon local maxima of the acoustic volume. The current target localization information is reported to an interceptor robot, which utilizes a dual wavefront path planner to move from its current location to a location that is within visibility range of a target. Results of the complete implementation of this approach using 70 sensor net robots in the player/stage multi-robot simulator are reported, as well as implementation results to date on a team of physical robots. To our knowledge, this is the first implementation of a multi-robot system that combines the use of an acoustic sensor net for target detection with an interceptor robot that can efficiently reach the moving position of the detected target in indoor environments.
The emergence of mobile ad hoc sensor networks has brought new challenges to traditional network design. This paper compares the performance of two distributedcomputing paradigms, the client/server-based paradigm and...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769517609
The emergence of mobile ad hoc sensor networks has brought new challenges to traditional network design. This paper compares the performance of two distributedcomputing paradigms, the client/server-based paradigm and the mobile-agent-based paradigm, through mathematical modeling and simulation. Previous works have shown that the mobile-agent-based paradigm is more appropriate to handle computations in ad hoc sensor networks. However no simulation;work has been done to quantitatively measure the performance. This paper first describes how computing is accomplished in the mobile-agent-based paradigm. It then presents a modified mathematical model and uses the execution time as a metric to measure the Performance. Eight experiments are designed to show the effect of different parameters to the performance of the paradigms. Experimental results show that in the context of mobile ad hoc sensor networks with hundreds or Eden thousands of nodes, unreliable communication links, and reduced bandwidth, the mobile-agent-based computing provides solutions to low network latency and reliable data processing.
distributed real time systems have recently evolved that are based on commodity computers and networking technologies. In these systems;critical system resources and functionality are distributed over many different c...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780370015
distributed real time systems have recently evolved that are based on commodity computers and networking technologies. In these systems;critical system resources and functionality are distributed over many different computers and networks. The operational modes of these systems include the integration of heterogeneous event driven information flows from multiple sensor platforms that dynamically change with the operational scenario. The dynamic and stochastic nature of these systems renders allocating the distributed resources based on a-priori worst case loading and capacity scenarios impossible. This paper first discusses the operational characteristics of these systems that effect the requirements for a messaging based communications system. Appropriate message passing protocols are then discussed. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the architectural support necessary for efficiently implementing a message passing protocol in a dynamic and stochastic distributed real time system.
distributed real time systems have recently evolved that are based on commodity computers and networking technologies. In these systems, critical system resources and functionality are distributed over many different ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780370015
distributed real time systems have recently evolved that are based on commodity computers and networking technologies. In these systems, critical system resources and functionality are distributed over many different computers and networks. The operational modes of these systems include the integration of heterogeneous event driven information flows from multiple sensor platforms that dynamically change with the operational scenario. The dynamic and stochastic nature of these systems renders allocating the distributed resources based on a-priori worst case loading and capacity scenarios impossible. This paper first discusses the operational characteristics of these systems that effect the requirements for a messaging based communications system. Appropriate message passing protocols are then discussed. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the architectural support necessary for efficiently implementing a message passing protocol in a dynamic and stochastic distributed real time system.
The problem of optimal data fusion in multiple detector systems is studied in the case where training examples are available, but no a priori information is available about the probability distributions of errors comm...
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The problem of optimal data fusion in multiple detector systems is studied in the case where training examples are available, but no a priori information is available about the probability distributions of errors committed by the individual detectors. Earlier solutions to this problem require some knowledge of the error distributions of the detectors, for example, either in a parametric form or in a closed analytical form. Here we show that, given a sufficiently large training sample, an optimal fusion rule can be implemented with an arbitrary level of confidence. We first consider the classical cases of Bayesian rule and Neyman-Pearson test for a system of independent detectors. Then we show a general result that any test function with a suitable Lipschitz property can be implemented with arbitrary precision, based on a training sample whose size is a function of the Lipschitz constant, number of parameters, and empirical measures. The general case subsumes the cases of nonindependent and correlated detectors.
The next generation of materials will contain many embedded or attached actuators and/or sensors. They will also contain support electronics including power electronics and a computer processor with a communication ne...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819414859
The next generation of materials will contain many embedded or attached actuators and/or sensors. They will also contain support electronics including power electronics and a computer processor with a communication network along with the `smarts' to respond to their environment. Current research is also directed toward miniaturization of the components, particularly the sensor and actuators with the idea of incorporating large numbers of actuators and sensors into the material. In keeping with this trend, the electronics should also be miniaturized along with the sensors and actuators. In this paper we discuss miniaturized power converters and power systems with potential applications to materials with miniaturized sensors and actuators.
Timix is a distributed real-time kernel that is being developed to support multisensor robot systems. The overall structure of the kernel is described, including a hierarchy of interprocess communication primitives an...
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Timix is a distributed real-time kernel that is being developed to support multisensor robot systems. The overall structure of the kernel is described, including a hierarchy of interprocess communication primitives and a generic way to interact with external devices. A simple multisensor robot that is being implemented using Timix is also presented. Three salient aspects of Timix are as follows. first, it is possible to estimate the amount of time that a real-time process takes to execute since the execution times of system calls are bounded. Second, an hierarchy of communication methods, which differ in synchronization, time and space overheads, and bandwidth requirements, are provided to allow the programmer to choose the one most applicable to a particular application, depending on the real-time requirements. Finally, new devices, which ar directly controlled by application processes, can be integrated into the system without changing the kernel.< >
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