The central concept of the work described is that a database can be created which contains all the information about a complex engineering system, specifically a building management system (BMS). This database will be...
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The central concept of the work described is that a database can be created which contains all the information about a complex engineering system, specifically a building management system (BMS). This database will be updated and modified throughout the system lifecycle. Due to the large amount of information required to be entered into these databases, all data entry is done through graphical interfaces according to the maxim 'a picture is worth ten thousand words'. The user draws a picture of what is required, and this is then compiled into the desired database form. BMSs are used to control intelligent buildings. A BMS usually consists of a number of universal network controllers (outstations) which are connected together in a local area network (LAN), or wide area network (WAN). A number of PCs (terminals) can be connected to allow user access to the system for supervisory purposes. An outstation is connected to the hardware components which it controls and from where it gets its operating information. These components are called points; examples being sensors such as temperature, humidity, wind and solar effect, and actuators such as pumps, fans, valves, heating and cooling coils and humidifiers.< >
GAMBITS (Graphical Approach to Modelling and Building Interactively a Technical System) has evolved to fill the gaps in other methods by providing support for (1) the progressive realisation and the traceability of fu...
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GAMBITS (Graphical Approach to Modelling and Building Interactively a Technical System) has evolved to fill the gaps in other methods by providing support for (1) the progressive realisation and the traceability of functional and non-functional requirements from initial conception, through implementation to maintenance; (2) the human involvement in the system, from the procurer, developer and user perspectives; and (3) support for building embedded, real-time and large distributed systems. The GAMBITS method permits successive refinement of understanding from emerging needs, through progressive transformations of an implementation-independent specification, to partial or full realisation of a local or distributed system. Starting with a business objective, the method allows the representation of concepts at different development stages or lifecycle steps. The method permits substantial verification of an implementation through traceability links that can map each component of requirement to the design and the subsequent implementation in a procedural or object-oriented application.
The main aim of this paper is to present an understanding of the nature, purpose and future developments in intelligent object-oriented modelling arising from a research project being carried out by the Control and Co...
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The main aim of this paper is to present an understanding of the nature, purpose and future developments in intelligent object-oriented modelling arising from a research project being carried out by the Control and Computer Aided Engineering (CCAE) research group at Swansea. Three important concepts for engineering modelling are emphasised: the independence of modelling from simulation; the object-oriented paradigm; knowledge-based systems. It is argued that intelligent technologies are natural tools for multidisciplinary engineering applications and are not only suited to qualitative approaches but also to quantitative methodologies.
Summary form only given. A software package has been developed to handle automatic documentation of software so as to make easier the process of program maintenance during the software life-cycle. The main program off...
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Summary form only given. A software package has been developed to handle automatic documentation of software so as to make easier the process of program maintenance during the software life-cycle. The main program offers a number of choices to the user, and according to the choices will produce analyses of the use of variables, structures, etc. The analysis includes a search for correct and consistent use of objects in the set of programs. Another choice is the production of a documented version of the program produced by accessing the program on one hand and prompting the user on the other for extra information on the use of identified objects. The described system is applied to C++ programs and is written using the object-oriented approach, but it could be adapted to other contexts.< >
In the near future, a potentially huge number of telecommunication services will be available to the public. Information about these services will be stored by suppliers in large objectoriented databases. Users will ...
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In the near future, a potentially huge number of telecommunication services will be available to the public. Information about these services will be stored by suppliers in large objectoriented databases. Users will be able to locate services that suit their requirements by retrieving objects from these databases. However the user's decision concerning the most appropriate service will not necessarily be simple: it will involve value judgements that seek to balance the desired service characteristics with other factors, such as availability, preferred supplier, and cost. One approach to this problem is to treat potential services as cases. This permits the application of CBR techniques, where the user's service requirement acts as the match target. The author considers how ASCOT (a project in the CEC's RACE) project followed this approach. Case based reasoning was an essential part of the ASCOT project. It increased the toolset's potential usability by separating user's requirements from the engineering requirements of the telecommunication service providers.
A key requirement for a software engineering environment is to have uniform and consistent management of the various types of objects participating in the project life cycle, including project management information, ...
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A key requirement for a software engineering environment is to have uniform and consistent management of the various types of objects participating in the project life cycle, including project management information, software products, tests, tools and documentation. The PCTE project has defined a public tool interface offering the facilities required to support software engineering environments. In PCTE, the system which manages the whole repository of project information is called the object management system (OMS). The PCTE+ project improves upon PCTE functions. An overview of the PCTE OMS functionalities and of its PCTE+ extensions, is given. The OMS model of PCTE is a special entity-relationship model taking into consideration various software engineering problems and distributed architecture requirements. Extensions and refinements of the OMS model have been achieved in the PCTE+ Functional Specifications. Their definition has benefited from the parallel development of an industrial implementation of PCTE and from PCTE-based tools development activities.< >
The IDAS project investigates the design and development of an Intelligent Documentation Advisory System (IDAS). The aim is to develop intelligent on-line technical documentation presented via hypertext and natural la...
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The IDAS project investigates the design and development of an Intelligent Documentation Advisory System (IDAS). The aim is to develop intelligent on-line technical documentation presented via hypertext and natural language generation and constructed dynamically by expert systems technology using object-oriented techniques. The IDAS being designed is targeted at users of an Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) system and aims to replace part of the current paper-based documentation. The IDAS will represent the ATE using a qualitative model at a level close to linguistic realisation and implemented in an object-oriented framework. It will then present material to the user via a hypertext interface. It is hoped to improve on standard hypertext systems, by giving responses which take account of the user's problems, skills and privilege. They are progressing towards a prototype implementation using the expert system shell Egeria.< >
Developing a model for an industrial-strength software system prior to its construction or a revision to an existing system is as essential as having a blueprint for a large building. Good models are essential for com...
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Developing a model for an industrial-strength software system prior to its construction or a revision to an existing system is as essential as having a blueprint for a large building. Good models are essential for communication among project teams and to assure architectural fitness. One builds models of complex systems because one cannot comprehend any such system in its entirety. As the complexity of systems increases, so does the importance of good modeling techniques. There are many additional factors of a project's success, but having a rigorous modeling language standard is one essential factor. A modeling language must include: 1. Model elements-fundamental modeling concepts and semantics. 2. Notation-visual rendering of model elements. 3. Guidelines-idioms of usage within the trade. In the face of increasingly complex systems, visualisation and modeling become essential. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a well-defined and widely accepted response to that need. It is the visual modeling language of choice for building object-oriented systems.
The purpose of the project was to model a user-friendly workstation for inter-personal multimedia communication and explore solutions to unstructured office tasks. In particular, the project has concentrated upon the ...
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The purpose of the project was to model a user-friendly workstation for inter-personal multimedia communication and explore solutions to unstructured office tasks. In particular, the project has concentrated upon the provision of personal assistant functions within the workstation and the requirements for cooperative real time working between two or more remotely connected users. The aims and objectives were to study the working life of professionals with a view to determining the functionality required by the electronic office.< >
Where have GUIs gone astray-and how might we lead them back to the light? Graphical user interfaces have been with us a long time. Many people have written guidelines that attempted to make all applications easy to us...
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Where have GUIs gone astray-and how might we lead them back to the light? Graphical user interfaces have been with us a long time. Many people have written guidelines that attempted to make all applications easy to use. But many say that things are getting harder rather than easier. Users are still having to learn far too much before they can get started. The author discusses some of the reasons why GUIs may have gone astray. In the wasteland left by the GUI wars there are a few paths emerging. New alliances may lead us to the promised land of simple, easy to use computers. The author's view of that promised land is described and object-oriented interaction is discussed.< >
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