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iee colloquium on The Use of systems Analysis and Modelling Tools: Experiences and Applications (Ref. No. 1998/413)

作者： I.A. Grout S.E. Burge A.J. Winsby Dept. of Eng. Lancaster Univ. UK Engineering Department Lancaster University Lancaster UK

In recent years, the prime implementation medium for control algorithms has been the digital processor with embedded software. These general purpose programmable devices have been used with success within many control system applications as a consequence of their low cost and size benefits coupled with high reliability. While the embedded software approach does provide flexibility during development there are inherent problems associated with validating such software especially in safety critical applications. This approach can now, however, be complemented by custom Integrated Circuits (ICs). Here, a suitable design may be derived as a single custom IC solution which will perform a range of the control algorithm functions (as continuous and discrete time actions) as well as sensor and actuator interfacing. They do not aim to be a viable solution for all control system applications, but to allow for an additional degree of flexibility in control law implementation. However, since it can be a time consuming and expensive process to generate a suitable custom IC solution, the designer relies on suitable circuit/system simulation methods to develop confidence in the final solution prior to manufacture/fabrication. This complements a number of aspects of control system design in that the effective use of suitable system simulation packages is an important factor for the control system designer. Both control system design and custom IC simulation techniques rely on adequate modelling of the overall control system and extraction of relevant results. This paper will discuss a number of the issues involved in the design and simulation of custom ICs for closed-loop control system applications. The underlying architecture for the controller will be based on a custom designed digital control processor with analogue and digital interfacing. The work is aimed at the integration of the control system design and IC design aspects and deriving suitable linking points within a desig

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Proceedings of the 1997 iee colloquium on Teaching of Mathematics for engineering

Proceedings of the 1997 IEE Colloquium on Teaching of Mathem...

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Proceedings of the 1997 iee colloquium on Teaching of Mathematics for engineering

The proceedings contains 12 papers from the iee colloquium on `Teaching of Mathematics for engineering'. Topics discussed include: computer-aided instruction;engineering curricula;computer algebra systems (CAS);al... 详细信息

关键词： engineering education

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Optimising train movements through coast control using genetic algorithms

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iee PROCEEDINGS-ELECTRIC POWER APPLICATIONS 1997年第1期144卷 65-73页

作者： Chang, CS Sim, SS Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Republic of Singapore

A genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to optimise train movements using appropriate coast control that can be integrated within automatic train operation (ATO) systems, The coast control output for a train changes with the interstation distances and gradient profiles, and the current operating conditions of the mass rapid transit (MRT) system, namely, (i) train schedules, (ii) expected passenger loads and (iii) expected track voltages. The algorithm generates an optimum coast control based on evaluation of the punctuality, riding comfort and energy consumption. Before the train sets off to the designated station, a coast control table is generated that will be referenced by the train at runtime for deciding when to initiate coasting or resume motoring control. Each coast control table is encoded into variable length chromosomes with each gene representing the relative position between stations where coasting should be initiated or terminated. Each generation is evolved from mating of the paired equal-length chromosomes with possibilities of crossover, mutations, gene duplications and gene deletions. The key feature of this method is that it has a solid mathematical foundation. Effectively, the implementation provides good, credible and fast solutions for this variable and multiobjective optimisation problem. The algorithm has the potentials for on-line implementation for producing the coast control lookup table for each interstation run before the train sets off. The results, although preliminary, suggest that the method is promising.

关键词： train movements coasting genetic algorithm (GA) automatic operation mass rapid transit (MRT)

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State transition modelling applied to tunnel ventilation control

State transition modelling applied to tunnel ventilation con...

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Proceedings of the 1997 iee colloquium on systems engineering on Large Railway Projects

作者： Bate, G.R. Industrial Science & Technology Ltd Battle United States

IST Ltd has applied modern state-based behavioural modelling techniques to the development of specifications for major transportation applications. In particular, these techniques have been applied to the definition and analysis of tunnel ventilation control requirements for CrossRail. The technique has permitted the early prototyping of some of the algorithms required, resulting in the production of a clearer and more accurate specification that better takes into account the complexities of different operating modes and operational scenarios. The model potentially can be elaborated throughout future phases of system design to result in an implementation that is traceable back to the requirements specification. The production of a safety case is facilitated by this approach.

关键词： Railroad tunnels

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Artificial intelligence techniques in power systems

Artificial intelligence techniques in power systems

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Proceedings of the 1997 iee colloquium on Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Power systems

作者： Laughton, M.A. Queen Mary and Westfield Coll London United Kingdom

Much of the effort in power systems analysis has turned away from the methodology of formal mathematical modeling from the fields of operations research, control theory and numerical analysis to the less rigorous artificial intelligence (AI) technique. AI relies on good problem description and extensive domain knowledge. In principle, artificial neural networks remove this constraint, but artificial neural network, fuzzy system and expert system techniques all require expert users in their design and interpretation. In contrast, genetic algorithms access deep knowledge of system problems afforded by well established models which simulate system behavior and power system analysis.

关键词： Electric power systems

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Neuro-adaptive active control of noise

Neuro-adaptive active control of noise

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iee colloquium On Active Sound And Vibration control

作者： M.O. Tokhi R. Wood Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield UK

This paper presents the development of an intelligent active noise control framework using neural networks. An active control system is designed utilising a feedforward control structure for optimum cancellation of broadband noise. The controller design relations are formulated such that to allow online design and implementation and, thus, yield a self-tuning control strategy. Neural networks are used at the modelling and control contexts and thus incorporated into the control strategy. Two alternative neuro-adaptive active control algorithms are proposed on the basis of this approach. The algorithms thus developed are tested and verified in the cancellation of broadband noise in free-field.

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State transition modelling applied to tunnel ventilation control

State transition modelling applied to tunnel ventilation con...

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iee colloquium on systems engineering on Large Railway Projects (Digest No: 1997/140)

作者： G.R. Bate Industrial Science and Technology Limited East Sussex UK

关键词： Rail transportation

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Evolutionary control mode analysis

Evolutionary control mode analysis

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iee colloquium on Integrated systems in Aerospace (Digest No: 1997/015)

作者： A.J. Chipperfield H.C. Betteridge P.J. Fleming Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield UK Rolls-Royce Military Aero Engines Limited Bristol UK

The control configuration design problem is that of identifying control structures that allow a satisfactory trade-off between the requirements for, say, system performance, safety, reliability and maintainability. However, a number of factors affect the type of control that may be suitable for a particular application. By reference to the control of aircraft gas turbine engines, this paper considers an approach to the problem of control mode analysis based on the use of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms for the search and optimization of suitable control configurations. The proposed method differs from currently available techniques in that it allows a number of potential configurations to be identified and compared with one another, highlighting both the positive and negative aspects of each individual scheme, in a single framework-hopefully realising a more informed and efficient design process. As aero-engines become more complex and greater numbers of parameters become controllable and measurable, the need for such tools will increase.

关键词： Aircraft

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Self-tuning predictive control of a hydraulic test rig

Self-tuning predictive control of a hydraulic test rig

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iee colloquium on Adaptive controllers in Practice '97 (Digest No: 1997/176)

作者： S. Daley G.P. Liu GEC Alsthom Mechanical Engineering Centre Leicester UK

Despite a number of convincing application studies the industrial take up of the more advanced algorithms has been slow. One of the major reasons for this with respect to hydraulic systems is that the cost of getting the tuning wrong can be highly destructive and expensive. As a result a conservative approach is used and there is a reluctance to relinquish responsibility for tuning to an adaptive algorithm. In this paper an approach which enables accurate prediction of the response prior to implementation is presented. This enables the commissioning engineer to gain confidence in the algorithm and to be responsible for the decision to implement the controller and its parameters.

关键词： Hydraulic systems

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Learning systems in intelligent control: An appraisal of fuzzy, neural and genetic algorithm control applications

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iee PROCEEDINGS-control THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 1996年第4期143卷 367-386页

作者： Linkens, DA Nyongesa, HO Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom

In designing controllers for complex dynamical systems there are needs that are not sufficiently addressed by conventional control theory. These relate mainly to the problem of environmental uncertainty and often call for human-like decision making requiring the use of heuristic reasoning and learning experience. Learning is required complexity of a problem or the uncertainty thereof prevents a priori specification of a satisfactory solution. Such solutious are then only possible through accumulating information about the problem and using this information to dynamically generate an acceptable solution. Such systems can be referred to as intelligent control systems. In recent years, 'intelligent control' has come to embrace diverse methodologies combining conventional control theory and emergent techniques based on physiological metaphors, such as neural networks, fuzzy logic, artificial intelligence, genetic algorithms and a wide variety of search and optimisation techniques. The paper reviews aspects of these emergent techniques, in particular, fuzzy logic, neural networks and genetic algorithms that pertain to realisation of intelligent control systems. The fundamental concepts and design techniques of each paradigm are discussed, providing a compact reference for their application.

关键词： fuzzy systems fuzzy-neural control systems neural networks intelligent control genetic learning

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