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HybridNeRF: Efficient Neural Rendering via Adaptive Volumetric Surfaces

HybridNeRF: Efficient Neural Rendering via Adaptive Volumetr...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Turki, Haithem Agrawal, Vasu Bulo, Samuel Rota Porzi, Lorenzo Kontschieder, Peter Ramanan, Deva Zollhofer, Michael Richardt, Christian Meta Real Labs Menlo Pk CA 94025 USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Neural radiance fields provide state-of-the-art view synthesis quality but tend to be slow to render. One reason is that they make use of volume rendering, thus requiring many samples (and model queries) per ray at render time. Although this representation is flexible and easy to optimize, most real-world objects can be modeled more efficiently with surfaces instead of volumes, requiring far fewer samples per ray. This observation has spurred considerable progress in surface representations, such as signed distance functions, but these may struggle to model semi-opaque and thin structures. We propose a method, HybridNeRF, that leverages the strengths of both representations by rendering most objects as surfaces while modeling the (typically) small fraction of challenging regions volumetrically. We evaluate HybridNeRF against the challenging Eyeful Tower dataset [38] along with other commonly used view synthesis datasets. When comparing to state-of-the-art baselines, including recent rasterization-based approaches, we improve error rates by 15-30% while achieving real-time framerates (at least 36 FPS) for virtual-reality resolutions (2K -> 2K). Project page: https://***/hybrid-nerf/.

关键词： 3d reconstruction computer vision machine learning neural radiance fields neural rendering novel view synthesis

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Exploring the Zero-Shot Capabilities of vision-Language Models for Improving Gaze Following

Exploring the Zero-Shot Capabilities of Vision-Language Mode...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Gupta, Anshul Vuillecard, Pierre Farkhondeh, Arya Odobez, Jean-Marc Idiap Res Inst Martigny Switzerland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365474

Contextual cues related to a person's pose and interactions with objects and other people in the scene can provide valuable information for gaze following. While existing methods have focused on dedicated cue extraction methods, in this work we investigate the zero-shot capabilities of vision-Language Models (VLMs) for extracting a wide array of contextual cues to improve gaze following performance. We first evaluate various VLMs, prompting strategies, and in-context learning (ICL) techniques for zero-shot cue recognition performance. We then use these insights to extract contextual cues for gaze following, and investigate their impact when incorporated into a state of the art model for the task. Our analysis indicates that BLIP-2 is the overall top performing VLM and that ICL can improve performance. We also observe that VLMs are sensitive to the choice of the text prompt although ensembling over multiple text prompts can provide more robust performance. Additionally, we discover that using the entire image along with an ellipse drawn around the target person is the most effective strategy for visual prompting. For gaze following, incorporating the extracted cues results in better generalization performance, especially when considering a larger set of cues, highlighting the potential of this approach.

关键词： Gaze Following vision-Language Zero-Shot Evaluation

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SonicvisionLM: Playing Sound with vision Language Models

SonicVisionLM: Playing Sound with Vision Language Models

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Xie, Zhifeng Yu, Shengye He, Qile Li, Mengtian Shanghai Univ Shanghai Peoples R China Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Mot Picture Special Effects Shanghai Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

There has been a growing interest in the task of generating sound for silent videos, primarily because of its practicality in streamlining video post-production. However, existing methods for video-sound generation attempt to directly create sound from visual representations, which can be challenging due to the difficulty of aligning visual representations with audio representations. In this paper, we present SonicvisionLM, a novel framework aimed at generating a wide range of sound effects by leveraging vision-language models(VLMs). Instead of generating audio directly from video, we use the capabilities of powerful VLMs. When provided with a silent video, our approach first identifies events within the video using a VLM to suggest possible sounds that match the video content. This shift in approach transforms the challenging task of aligning image and audio into more well-studied sub-problems of aligning image-to-text and text-to-audio through the popular diffusion models. To improve the quality of audio recommendations with LLMs, we have collected an extensive dataset that maps text descriptions to specific sound effects and developed a time-controlled audio adapter. Our approach surpasses current state-of-the-art methods for converting video to audio, enhancing synchronization with the visuals, and improving alignment between audio and video components. Project page: https://***. io/***/

关键词： audio generation multi-modal vision-language model

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Segment Anything Model for Road Network Graph Extraction

Segment Anything Model for Road Network Graph Extraction

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Hetang, Congrui Xue, Haoru Le, Cindy Yue, Tianwei Wang, Wenping He, Yihui Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Columbia Univ New York NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365474

We propose SAM-Road, an adaptation of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) [27] for extracting large-scale, vectorized road network graphs from satellite imagery. To predict graph geometry, we formulate it as a dense semantic segmentation task, leveraging the inherent strengths of SAM. The image encoder of SAM is fine-tuned to produce probability masks for roads and intersections, from which the graph vertices are extracted via simple non-maximum suppression. To predict graph topology, we designed a lightweight transformer-based graph neural network, which leverages the SAM image embeddings to estimate the edge existence probabilities between vertices. Our approach directly predicts the graph vertices and edges for large regions without expensive and complex post-processing heuristics and is capable of building complete road network graphs spanning multiple square kilometers in a matter of seconds. With its simple, straightforward, and minimalist design, SAM-Road achieves comparable accuracy with the state-of-the-art method RNGDet++[57], while being 40 times faster on the City-scale dataset. We thus demonstrate the power of a foundational vision model when applied to a graph learning task. The code is available at https://***/htcr/sam_road.

关键词： autonomous driving computer vision foundation model graph graph neural network mapping navigation remote sensing segment anything semantic segmentation transformer

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A&B BNN: Add&Bit-Operation-Only Hardware-Friendly Binary Neural Network

A&B BNN: Add&Bit-Operation-Only Hardware-Friendly Binary Neu...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Ma, Ruichen Qiao, Guanchao Liu, Yian Meng, Liwei Ning, Ning Liu, Yang Hu, Shaogang Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Chengdu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

Binary neural networks utilize 1-bit quantized weights and activations to reduce both the model's storage demands and computational burden. However, advanced binary architectures still incorporate millions of inefficient and non-hardware-friendly full-precision multiplication operations. A&B BNN is proposed to directly remove part of the multiplication operations in a traditional BNN and replace the rest with an equal number of bit operations, introducing the mask layer and the quantized RPReLU structure based on the normalizer-free network architecture. The mask layer can be removed during inference by leveraging the intrinsic characteristics of BNN with straightforward mathematical transformations to avoid the associated multiplication operations. The quantized RPReLU structure enables more efficient bit operations by constraining its slope to be integer powers of 2. Experimental results achieved 92.30%, 69.35%, and 66.89% on the CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet datasets, respectively, which are competitive with the state-of-the-art. Ablation studies have verified the efficacy of the quantized RPReLU structure, leading to a 1.14% enhancement on the ImageNet compared to using a fixed slope RLeakyReLU. The proposed add&bit-operation-only BNN offers an innovative approach for hardware-friendly network architecture.

关键词： Binary neural networks Hardware-friendly structure Multiplication-free structure pattern recognition

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From Correspondences to Pose: Non-minimal Certifiably Optimal Relative Pose without Disambiguation

From Correspondences to Pose: Non-minimal Certifiably Optima...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Tirado-Garin, Javier Civera, Javier Univ Zaragoza I3A Zaragoza Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

Estimating the relative camera pose from n >= 5 correspondences between two calibrated views is a fundamental task in computer vision. This process typically involves two stages: 1) estimating the essential matrix between the views, and 2) disambiguating among the four candidate relative poses that satisfy the epipolar geometry. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel approach that, for the first time, bypasses the second stage. Specifically, we show that it is possible to directly estimate the correct relative camera pose from correspondences without needing a post-processing step to enforce the cheirality constraint on the correspondences. Building on recent advances in certifiable non-minimal optimization, we frame the relative pose estimation as a Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Program (QCQP). By applying the appropriate constraints, we ensure the estimation of a camera pose that corresponds to a valid 3D geometry and that is globally optimal when certified. We validate our method through exhaustive synthetic and real-world experiments, confirming the efficacy, efficiency and accuracy of the proposed approach. Code is available at https://***/javrtg/C2P.

关键词： computer vision convex optimization epipolar geometry essential matrix non-minimal solver relative pose semidefinite programming

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Unlocking Pre-trained Image Backbones for Semantic Image Synthesis

Unlocking Pre-trained Image Backbones for Semantic Image Syn...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Berrada, Tariq Verbeek, Jakob Couprie, Camille Alahari, Karteek Meta FAIR Menlo Pk CA 94025 USA Univ Grenoble Alpes LJK Grenoble INP InriaCNRS Grenoble France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

Semantic image synthesis, i.e., generating images from user-provided semantic label maps, is an important conditional image generation task as it allows to control both the content as well as the spatial layout of generated images. Although diffusion models have pushed the state of the art in generative image modeling, the iterative nature of their inference process makes them computationally demanding. Other approaches such as GANs are more efficient as they only need a single feed-forward pass for generation, but the image quality tends to suffer when modeling large and diverse datasets. In this work, we propose a new class of GAN discriminators for semantic image synthesis that generates highly realistic images by exploiting feature backbones pre-trained for tasks such as image classification. We also introduce a new generator architecture with better context modeling and using cross-attention to inject noise into latent variables, leading to more diverse generated images. Our model, which we dub DP-SIMS, achieves state-of-the-art results in terms of image quality and consistency with the in-put label maps on ADE-20K, COCO-Stuff, and Cityscapes, surpassing recent diffusion models while requiring two orders of magnitude less compute for inference.

关键词： computer vision GAN Generative Modeling Image-to-image Semantic Synthesis

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CPLIP: Zero-Shot Learning for Histopathology with Comprehensive vision-Language Alignment

CPLIP: Zero-Shot Learning for Histopathology with Comprehens...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Javed, Sajid Mahmood, Arif Ganapathil, Iyyakutti Iyappan Dharej, Fayaz Ali Werghil, Naoufel Bennamoun, Mohammed Khalifa Univ Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates Khalifa Univ Sci & Technol C2PS Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates Informat Technol Univ Punjab Lahore Pakistan Univ Western Australia Perth WA Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

This paper proposes Comprehensive Pathology Language Image Pre-training (CPLIP), a new unsupervised technique designed to enhance the alignment of images and text in histopathology for tasks such as classification and segmentation. This methodology enriches vision-language models by leveraging extensive data without needing ground truth annotations. CPLIP involves constructing a pathology-specific dictionary, generating textual descriptions for images using language models, and retrieving relevant images for each text snippet via a pre-trained model. The model is then fine-tuned using a many-to-many contrastive learning method to align complex interrelated concepts across both modalities. Evaluated across multiple histopathology tasks, CPLIP shows notable improvements in zero-shot learning scenarios, outperforming existing methods in both interpretability and robustness and setting a higher benchmark for the application of vision-language models in the field. To encourage further research and replication, the code for CPLIP is available on GitHub at https://***/

关键词： Cancer Detection Computational Pathology Contrastive Loss Histopathology Many-to-Many vision-Language Alignment vision Language Modeling Whole Slide Image Zero-shot Learning

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Situational Awareness Matters in 3D vision Language Reasoning

Situational Awareness Matters in 3D Vision Language Reasonin...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Man, Yunze Gui, Liang-Yan Wang, Yu-Xiong Univ Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Being able to carry out complicated vision language reasoning tasks in 3D space represents a significant milestone in developing household robots and human-centered embodied AI. In this work, we demonstrate that a critical and distinct challenge in 3D vision language reasoning is the situational awareness, which incorporates two key components: (1) The autonomous agent grounds its self-location based on a language prompt. (2) The agent answers open-ended questions from the perspective of its calculated position. To address this challenge, we introduce SIG3D, an end-to-end Situation-Grounded model for 3D vision language reasoning. We tokenize the 3D scene into sparse voxel representation, and propose a language-grounded situation estimator, followed by a situated question answering module. Experiments on the SQA3D and ScanQA datasets show that SIG3D outperforms state-of-the-art models in situational estimation and question answering by a large margin (e.g., an enhancement of over 30% on situation accuracy). Subsequent analysis corroborates our architectural design choices, explores the distinct functions of visual and textual tokens, and highlights the importance of situational awareness in the domain of 3D question-answering. Project page is available at https://***/situation3d.

关键词： vision-Language Multi-modal 3D Reasoning

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ELSA: Exploiting Layer-wise N:M Sparsity for vision Transformer Acceleration

ELSA: Exploiting Layer-wise N:M Sparsity for Vision Transfor...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Huang, Ning-Chi Chang, Chi-Chih Lin, Wei-Cheng Taka, Endri Marculescu, Diana Wu, Kai-Chiang Natl Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univ Hsinchu Taiwan Univ Texas Austin Austin TX USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365474

N:M sparsity is an emerging model compression method supported by more and more accelerators to speed up sparse matrix multiplication in deep neural networks. Most existing N:M sparsity methods compress neural networks with a uniform setting for all layers in a network or heuristically determine the layer-wise configuration by considering the number of parameters in each layer. However, very few methods have been designed for obtaining a layer-wise customized N:M sparse configuration for vision transformers (ViTs), which usually consist of transformer blocks involving the same number of parameters. In this work, to address the challenge of selecting suitable sparse configuration for ViTs on N:M sparsity-supporting accelerators, we propose ELSA, Exploiting Layer-wise N:M Sparsity for ViTs. Considering not only all N:M sparsity levels supported by a given accelerator but also the expected throughput improvement, our methodology can reap the benefits of accelerators supporting mixed sparsity by trading off negligible accuracy loss with both memory usage and inference time reduction for ViT models. For instance, our approach achieves a noteworthy 2.9x reduction in FLOPs to both Swin-B and DeiT-B with only a marginal degradation of accuracy on ImageNet. Our code is publicly available at https://***/ningchihuang/ ELSA.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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