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SHiNe: Semantic Hierarchy Nexus for Open-vocabulary Object Detection

SHiNe: Semantic Hierarchy Nexus for Open-vocabulary Object D...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Liu, Mingxuan Hayes, Tyler L. Ricci, Elisa Csurka, Gabriela Volpi, Riccardo Univ Trento Trento Italy NAVER LABS Europe Meylan France Fdn Bruno Kessler Trento Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Open-vocabulary object detection (OvOD) has transformed detection into a language-guided task, empowering users to freely define their class vocabularies of interest during inference. However, our initial investigation indicates that existing OvOD detectors exhibit significant variability when dealing with vocabularies across various semantic granularities, posing a concern for real-world deployment. To this end, we introduce Semantic Hierarchy Nexus (SHiNe), a novel classifier that uses semantic knowledge from class hierarchies. It runs offline in three steps: i) it retrieves relevant super-/sub-categories from a hierarchy for each target class;ii) it integrates these categories into hierarchy-aware sentences;iii) it fuses these sentence embeddings to generate the nexus classifier vector. Our evaluation on various detection benchmarks demonstrates that SHiNe enhances robustness across diverse vocabulary granularities, achieving up to +31.9% mAP50 with ground truth hierarchies, while retaining improvements using hierarchies generated by large language models. Moreover, when applied to open-vocabulary classification on ImageNet-1k, SHiNe improves the CLIP zero-shot baseline by +2.8% accuracy. SHiNe is training-free and can be seamlessly integrated with any off-the-shelf OvOD detector, without incurring additional computational overhead during inference. The code is open source.

关键词： Object Detection Open-vocabulary vision-Language

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Importance is in your attention: agent importance prediction for autonomous driving

Importance is in your attention: agent importance prediction...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Hazard, Christopher Bhagat, Akshay Buddharaju, Balarama Raju Liu, Zhongtao Shao, Yunming Lu, Lu Omari, Sammy Cui, Henggang Motional Boston MA 02210 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Trajectory prediction is an important task in autonomous driving. State-of-the-art trajectory prediction models often use attention mechanisms to model the interaction between agents. In this paper, we show that the attention information from such models can also be used to measure the importance of each agent with respect to the ego vehicle's future planned trajectory. Our experiment results on the nuPlans dataset show that our method can effectively find and rank surrounding agents by their impact on the ego's plan.

关键词： computer vision conferences Predictive models Trajectory pattern recognition Task analysis Autonomous vehicles

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Color Shift Estimation-and-Correction for Image Enhancement

Color Shift Estimation-and-Correction for Image Enhancement

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Li, Yiyu Xu, Ke Hancke, Gerhard Petrus Lau, Rynson W. H. City Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Images captured under sub-optimal illumination conditions may contain both over- and under-exposures. Current approaches mainly focus on adjusting image brightness, which may exacerbate color tone distortion in underexposed areas and fail to restore accurate colors in over-exposed regions. We observe that over- and over-exposed regions display opposite color tone distribution shifts, which may not be easily normalized in joint modeling as they usually do not have "normal-exposed" regions/pixels as reference. In this paper, we propose a novel method to enhance images with both over- and under-exposures by learning to estimate and correct such color shifts. Specifically, we first derive the color feature maps of the bright-ened and darkened versions of the input image via a UNet-based network, followed by a pseudo-normal feature generator to produce pseudo-normal color feature maps. We then propose a novel COlor Shift Estimation (COSE) module to estimate the color shifts between the derived brightened ( or darkened) color feature maps and the pseudo-normal color feature maps. The COSE module corrects the estimated color shifts of the over- and under-exposed regions separately. We further propose a novel COlor MOdulation (COMO) module to modulate the separately corrected colors in the over- and under-exposed regions to produce the enhanced image. Comprehensive experiments show that our method outperforms existing approaches. Project web-page: https://***/yiyulics/CSEC.

关键词： computer vision Exposure Correction Image Enhancement Low-level vision Low-light Image Enhancement

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Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting from a Single Image

Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Mei, Yiqun Zeng, Yu Zhang, He Shu, Zhixin Zhang, Xuaner Bi, Sai Zhang, Jianming Jung, HyunJoon Patel, Vishal M. Johns Hopkins Univ Baltimore MD 21218 USA Adobe Inc San Jose CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

At the core of portrait photography is the search for ideal lighting and viewpoint. The process often requires advanced knowledge in photography and an elaborate studio setup. In this work, we propose Holo-Relighting, a volumetric relighting method that is capable of synthesizing novel viewpoints, and novel lighting from a single image. Holo-Relighting leverages the pretrained 3D GAN (EG3D) to reconstruct geometry and appearance from an input portrait as a set of 3D-aware features. We design a relighting module conditioned on a given lighting to process these features, and predict a relit 3D representation in the form of a tri-plane, which can render to an arbitrary viewpoint through volume rendering. Besides viewpoint and lighting control, Holo-Relighting also takes the head pose as a condition to enable head-pose-dependent lighting effects. With these novel designs, Holo-Relighting can generate complex non-Lambertian lighting effects (e.g., specular highlights and cast shadows) without using any explicit physical lighting priors. We train Holo-Relighting with data captured with a light stage, and propose two data-rendering techniques to improve the data quality for training the volumetric relighting system. Through quantitative and qualitative experiments, we demonstrate Holo-Relighting can achieve state-of-the-arts relighting quality with better photorealism, 3D consistency and controllability.

关键词： vision + graphics

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GeoChat : Grounded Large vision-Language Model for Remote Sensing

GeoChat : Grounded Large Vision-Language Model for Remote Se...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Kuckreja, Kartik Danish, Muhammad Sohail Naseer, Muzammal Das, Abhijit Khan, Salman Khan, Fahad Shahbaz Mohamed bin Zayed Univ AI Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates Birla Inst Technol & Sci Hyderabad India Australian Natl Univ Canberra ACT Australia Linkoping Univ Linkoping Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Recent advancements in Large vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown great promise in natural image domains, allowing users to hold a dialogue about given visual content. However, such general-domain VLMs perform poorly for Remote Sensing (RS) scenarios, leading to inaccurate or fabricated information when presented with RS domain-specific queries. Such a behavior emerges due to the unique challenges introduced by RS imagery. For example, to handle high-resolution RS imagery with diverse scale changes across categories and many small objects, region-level reasoning is necessary alongside holistic scene interpretation. Furthermore, the lack of domain-specific multimodal instruction following data as well as strong backbone models for RS make it hard for the models to align their behavior with user queries. To address these limitations, we propose GeoChat - the first versatile remote sensing VLM that offers multitask conversational capabilities with high-resolution RS images. Specifically, GeoChat can not only answer image-level queries but also accepts region inputs to hold region-specific dialogue. Furthermore, it can visually ground objects in its responses by referring to their spatial coordinates. To address the lack of domain-specific datasets, we generate a novel RS multi-modal instruction-following dataset by extending image-text pairs from existing diverse RS datasets. We establish a comprehensive benchmark for RS multitask conversations and compare with a number of baseline methods. GeoChat demonstrates robust zero-shot performance on various RS tasks, e.g., image and region captioning, visual question answering, scene classification, visually grounded conversations and referring detection. Our code is available here.

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Segment Any Event Streams via Weighted Adaptation of Pivotal Tokens

Segment Any Event Streams via Weighted Adaptation of Pivotal...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Chen, Zhiwen Zhu, Zhiyu Zhang, Yifan Hou, Junhui Shi, Guangming Wu, Jinjian Xidian Univ Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Pazhou Lab Guangzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

In this paper, we delve into the nuanced challenge of tailoring the Segment Anything Models (SAMs) for integration with event data, with the overarching objective of attaining robust and universal object segmentation within the event-centric domain. One pivotal issue at the heart of this endeavor is the precise alignment and calibration of embeddings derived from event-centric data such that they harmoniously coincide with those originating from RGB imagery. Capitalizing on the vast repositories of datasets with paired events and RGB images, our proposition is to harness and extrapolate the profound knowledge encapsulated within the pretrained SAM framework. As a cornerstone to achieving this, we introduce a multi-scale feature distillation methodology. This methodology rigorously optimizes the alignment of token embeddings originating from event data with their RGB image counterparts, thereby preserving and enhancing the robustness of the overall architecture. Considering the distinct significance that token embeddings from intermediate layers hold for higher-level embeddings, our strategy is centered on accurately calibrating the pivotal token embeddings. This targeted calibration is aimed at effectively managing the discrepancies in high-level embeddings originating from both the event and image domains. Extensive experiments on different datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed distillation method. Code in https://***/happychenpipi/EventSAM.

关键词： cross-modal knowledge distillation event-based vision segmentation

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Model Inversion Robustness: Can Transfer Learning Help?

Model Inversion Robustness: Can Transfer Learning Help?

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Ho, Sy-Tuyen Hao, Koh Jun Chandrasegaran, Keshigeyan Ngoc-Bao Nguyen Cheung, Ngai-Man Singapore Univ Technol & Design SUTD Singapore Singapore Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA SUTD Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Model Inversion (MI) attacks aim to reconstruct private training data by abusing access to machine learning models. Contemporary MI attacks have achieved impressive attack performance, posing serious threats to privacy. Meanwhile, all existing MI defense methods rely on regularization that is in direct conflict with the training objective, resulting in noticeable degradation in model utility. In this work, we take a different perspective, and propose a novel and simple Transfer Learning-based Defense against Model Inversion (TL-DMI) to render MI-robust models. Particularly, by leveraging TL, we limit the number of layers encoding sensitive information from private training dataset, thereby degrading the performance of MI attack. We conduct an analysis using Fisher Information to justify our method. Our defense is remarkably simple to implement. Without bells and whistles, we show in extensive experiments that TL-DMI achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) MI robustness. Our code, pre-trained models, demo and inverted data are available at: https://***/projects/TL-DMI

关键词： accountability ethics in vision fairness privacy Transparency

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Toward Generalist Anomaly Detection via In-context Residual Learning with Few-shot Sample Prompts

Toward Generalist Anomaly Detection via In-context Residual ...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Zhu, Jiawen Pang, Guansong Singapore Management Univ Sch Comp & Informat Syst Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

This paper explores the problem of Generalist Anomaly Detection (GAD), aiming to train one single detection model that can generalize to detect anomalies in diverse datasets from different application domains without any further training on the target data. Some recent studies have showed that large pre-trained Visual-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP have strong generalization capabilities on detecting industrial defects from various datasets, but their methods rely heavily on handcrafted text prompts about defects, making them difficult to generalize to anomalies in other applications, e.g., medical image anomalies or semantic anomalies in natural images. In this work, we propose to train a GAD model with few-shot normal images as sample prompts for AD on diverse datasets on the fly. To this end, we introduce a novel approach that learns an in-context residual learning model for GAD, termed InCTRL. It is trained on an auxiliary dataset to discriminate anomalies from normal samples based on a holistic evaluation of the residuals between query images and few-shot normal sample prompts. Regardless of the datasets, per definition of anomaly, larger residuals are expected for anomalies than normal samples, thereby enabling InCTRL to generalize across different domains without further training. Comprehensive experiments on nine AD datasets are performed to establish a GAD benchmark that encapsulate the detection of industrial defect anomalies, medical anomalies, and semantic anomalies in both one-vs-all and multi-class setting, on which InCTRL is the best performer and significantly outperforms state-of-the-art competing methods. Code is available at https://***/mala-lab/InCTRL.

关键词： Anomaly Detection Few-shot Anomaly Detection Generalist Anomaly Detection vision Language Model

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AHIVE: Anatomy-aware Hierarchical vision Encoding for Interactive Radiology Report Retrieval

AHIVE: Anatomy-aware Hierarchical Vision Encoding for Intera...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yan, Sixing Cheung, William K. Tsang, Ivor W. Chiu, Keith Tong, Terence M. Cheung, Ka Chun Seel, Simon Hong Kong Baptist Univ Hong Kong Peoples R China Agcy Sci Technol & Res CFAR Singapore Singapore Agcy Sci Technol & Res IHPC Singapore Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ SCSE Singapore Singapore Univ Technol Sydney AAII Sydney NSW Australia Queen Elizabeth Hosp Hong Kong Peoples R China Kwong Wah Hosp Hong Kong Peoples R China Tuen Mun Hosp Hong Kong Peoples R China NVIDIA Corp NVIDIA AI Technol Ctr Santa Clara CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Automatic radiology report generation using deep learning models has been recently explored and found promising. Neural decoders are commonly used for the report generation, where irrelevant and unfaithful contents are unavoidable. The retrieval-based approach alleviates the limitation by identifying reports which are relevant to the input to assist the generation. To achieve clinically accurate report retrieval, we make reference to clinicians' diagnostic steps of examining a radiology image where anatomical and diagnostic details are typically focused, and propose a novel hierarchical visual concept representation called anatomy-aware hierarchical vision encoding (AHIVE). To learn AHIVE, we first derive a methodology to extract hierarchical diagnostic descriptions from radiology reports and develop a CLIP-based framework for the model training. Also, the hierarchical architecture of AHIVE is designed to support interactive report retrieval so that report revision made at one layer can be propagated to the subsequent ones to trigger other necessary revisions. We conduct extensive experiments and show that AHIVE can outperform the SOTA vision-language retrieval methods in terms of clinical accuracy by a large margin. We provide also a case study to illustrate how it enables interactive report retrieval.

关键词： image-to-text retrieval interactive retrieval system radiology imaging radiology report retrieval

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Harnessing Large Language Models for Training-free Video Anomaly Detection

Harnessing Large Language Models for Training-free Video Ano...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Zanella, Luca Menapace, Willi Mancini, Massimiliano Wang, Yiming Ricci, Elisa Univ Trento Trenton NJ 38122 USA Fdn Bruno Kessler Trenton NJ USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Video anomaly detection (VAD) aims to temporally locate abnormal events in a video. Existing works mostly rely on training deep models to learn the distribution of normality with either video-level supervision, one-class supervision, or in an unsupervised setting. Training-based methods are prone to be domain-specific, thus being costly for practical deployment as any domain change will involve data collection and model training. In this paper, we radically depart from previous efforts and propose LAnguage-based VAD (LAVAD), a method tackling VAD in a novel, training-free paradigm, exploiting the capabilities of pre-trained large language models (LLMs) and existing vision-language models (VLMs). We leverage VLM-based captioning models to generate textual descriptions for each frame of any test video. With the textual scene description, we then devise a prompting mechanism to unlock the capability of LLMs in terms of temporal aggregation and anomaly score estimation, turning LLMs into an effective video anomaly detector. We further leverage modality-aligned VLMs and propose effective techniques based on cross-modal similarity for cleaning noisy captions and refining the LLM-based anomaly scores. We evaluate LAVAD on two large datasets featuring real-world surveillance scenarios (UCF-Crime and XD-Violence), showing that it outperforms both unsupervised and one-class methods without requiring any training or data collection.

关键词： large language models video anomaly detection vision-language models

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