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Fresnel Microfacet BRDF: Unification of Polari-Radiometric Surface-Body Reflection

Fresnel Microfacet BRDF: Unification of Polari-Radiometric S...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Ichikawa, Tomoki Fukao, Yoshiki Nobuhara, Shohei Nishino, Ko Kyoto Univ Grad Sch Informat Kyoto Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

computer vision applications have heavily relied on the linear combination of Lambertian diffuse and microfacet specular reflection models for representing reflected radiance, which turns out to be physically incompatible and limited in applicability. In this paper, we derive a novel analytical reflectance model, which we refer to as Fresnel Microfacet BRDF model, that is physically accurate and generalizes to various real-world surfaces. Our key idea is to model the Fresnel reflection and transmission of the surface microgeometry with a collection of oriented mirror facets, both for body and surface reflections. We carefully derive the Fresnel reflection and transmission for each microfacet as well as the light transport between them in the subsurface. This physically-grounded modeling also allows us to express the polarimetric behavior of reflected light in addition to its radiometric behavior. That is, FMBRDF unifies not only body and surface reflections but also light reflection in radiometry and polarization and represents them in a single model. Experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness in accuracy, expressive power, image-based estimation, and geometry recovery.

关键词： Physics-based vision and shape-from-X

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CoRe: Color Regression for Multicolor Fashion Garments

CoRe: Color Regression for Multicolor Fashion Garments

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Rame, Alexandre Douillard, Arthur Ollion, Charles Sorbonne Univ Paris France Heuritech Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Developing deep networks that analyze fashion garments has many real-world applications. Among all fashion attributes, color is one of the most important yet challenging to detect. Existing approaches are classification-based and thus cannot go beyond the list of discrete predefined color names. In this paper, we handle color detection as a regression problem to predict the exact RGB values. That's why in addition to a first color classifier, we include a second regression stage for refinement in our newly proposed architecture. This second step combines two attention models: the first depends on the type of clothing, the second depends on the color previously detected by the classifier. Our final prediction is the weighted spatial pooling over the image pixels RGB values, where the illumination has been corrected. This architecture is modular and easily expanded to detect the RGBs of all colors in a multicolor garment. In our experiments, we show the benefits of each component of our architecture.

关键词： Visualization computer vision Image color analysis conferences Clothing Lighting computer architecture

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On the Effect of Atmospheric Turbulence in the Feature Space of Deep Face recognition

On the Effect of Atmospheric Turbulence in the Feature Space...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Robbins, Wes Boult, Terrance Univ Colorado Colorado Springs CO 80907 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

When captured over long distances, image quality is degraded by inconsistent refractive indexes in the atmosphere. This effect, known as Atmospheric Turbulence (AT), leads to lower performance for vision-based biometric systems such as face recognition. To account for AT, the literature has proposed methods to restore face-images from atmospheric turbulence, but has limited success. There is still a need to understand how atmospheric turbulence breaks recognition performance. We offer a first-look in this direction by providing a study on the effect of atmospheric turbulence in the feature space of deep-learning-based face recognition. We present results on recognition performance and feature space transformation caused by a wide range of AT levels. In deep feature space, we find interesting phenomena such as increasing feature magnitudes, which contradicts the expected result from the literature. From our results, we are able to identify an effect that makes face recognition under atmospheric turbulence uniquely difficult, which we call feature defection. In total, our findings suggest several areas of available improvement which can be used as a guideline for further progress in building models that are robust to AT.

关键词： Image quality computer vision Extraterrestrial phenomena Face recognition Atmospheric modeling conferences Computational modeling

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Seeing Beyond the Brain: Conditional Diffusion Model with Sparse Masked Modeling for vision Decoding

Seeing Beyond the Brain: Conditional Diffusion Model with Sp...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Chen, Zijiao Qing, Jiaxin Xiang, Tiange Yue, Wan Lin Zhou, Juan Helen Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore Chinese Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Stanford Univ Stanford CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

Decoding visual stimuli from brain recordings aims to deepen our understanding of the human visual system and build a solid foundation for bridging human and computer vision through the Brain-computer Interface. However, reconstructing high-quality images with correct semantics from brain recordings is a challenging problem due to the complex underlying representations of brain signals and the scarcity of data annotations. In this work, we present MinD-Vis: Sparse Masked Brain Modeling with Double-Conditioned Latent Diffusion Model for Human vision Decoding. Firstly, we learn an effective self-supervised representation of fMRI data using mask modeling in a large latent space inspired by the sparse coding of information in the primary visual cortex. Then by augmenting a latent diffusion model with double-conditioning, we show that MinD-Vis can reconstruct highly plausible images with semantically matching details from brain recordings using very few paired annotations. We benchmarked our model qualitatively and quantitatively;the experimental results indicate that our method outperformed state-of-the-art in both semantic mapping (100-way semantic classification) and generation quality (FID) by 66% and 41% respectively. An exhaustive ablation study was also conducted to analyze our framework.

关键词： cell microscopy Medical and biological vision

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Out-Of-Distribution Detection In Unsupervised Continual Learning

Out-Of-Distribution Detection In Unsupervised Continual Lear...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： He, Jiangpeng Zhu, Fengqing Purdue Univ Elmore Family Sch Elect & Comp Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Unsupervised continual learning aims to learn new tasks incrementally without requiring human annotations. However, most existing methods, especially those targeted on image classification, only work in a simplified scenario by assuming all new data belong to new tasks, which is not realistic if the class labels are not provided. Therefore, to perform unsupervised continual learning in real life applications, an out-of-distribution detector is required at beginning to identify whether each new data corresponds to a new task or already learned tasks, which still remains under-explored yet. In this work, we formulate the problem for Out-of-distribution Detection in Unsupervised Continual Learning (OOD-UCL) with the corresponding evaluation protocol. In addition, we propose a novel OOD detection method by correcting the output bias at first and then enhancing the output confidence for in-distribution data based on task discriminativeness, which can be applied directly without modifying the learning procedures and objectives of continual learning. Our method is evaluated on CIFAR-100 dataset by following the proposed evaluation protocol and we show improved performance compared with existing OOD detection methods under the unsupervised continual learning scenario.

关键词： computer vision Protocols Annotations conferences Detectors pattern recognition Task analysis

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Uni-NLX: Unifying Textual Explanations for vision and vision-Language Tasks

Uni-NLX: Unifying Textual Explanations for Vision and Vision...

引用

ieee/cvf International conference on computer vision (ICCV)

作者： Sammani, Fawaz Deligiannis, Nikos Vrije Univ Brussel ETRO Dept Pl Laan 2 B-1050 Brussels Belgium IMEC Kapeldreef 75 B-3001 Leuven Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9798350307443

Natural Language Explanations (NLE) aim at supplementing the prediction of a model with human-friendly natural text. Existing NLE approaches involve training separate models for each downstream task. In this work, we propose Uni-NLX, a unified framework that consolidates all NLE tasks into a single and compact multi-task model using a unified training objective of text generation. Additionally, we introduce two new NLE datasets: 1) ImageNetX, a dataset of 144K samples for explaining ImageNet categories, and 2) VQA-ParaX, a dataset of 123K samples for explaining the task of Visual Question Answering (VQA). Both datasets are derived leveraging large language models (LLMs). By training on the 1M combined NLE samples, our single unified framework is capable of simultaneously performing seven NLE tasks including VQA, visual recognition and visual reasoning tasks with 7xfewer parameters, demonstrating comparable performance to the independent task-specific models in previous approaches, and in certain tasks even outperforming them.(1)

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Model Level Ensemble for Facial Action Unit recognition at the 3rd ABAW Challenge

Model Level Ensemble for Facial Action Unit Recognition at t...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Jiang, Wenqiang Wu, Yannan Qiao, Fengsheng Meng, Liyu Deng, Yuanyuan Liu, Chuanhe Beijing Seek Truth Data Technol Co Ltd Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

In this paper, we present our latest work on Action Unit Detection, which is a part of the Affective Behavior Analysis in-the-wild (ABAW) 2022 Competition [15]. Our proposed network is based on the IResnet100 [6]. First of all, We utilize feature pyramid networks (FPN) [25] and single stage headless (SSH) [29] to enlarge the receptive field and extract more facial texture features. Then we employ the ML-ROS data balancing [4] and the BCE Loss plus Multi-label Loss to solve the multi-label imbalance problem. We also use three different models as the base model to fine-tune the Aff-Wild2 dataset. The pre-train backbones are the AU detection model, expression model and face recognition model. Finally, we adopt an ensemble methodology to get the final result. Our f1 score achieved 49.82 on the AU test set and ranked second in this challenge with a very small difference from the first team 49.89.

关键词： Gold computer vision Face recognition conferences Feature extraction Behavioral sciences Task analysis

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Attenuating Catastrophic Forgetting by Joint Contrastive and Incremental Learning

Attenuating Catastrophic Forgetting by Joint Contrastive and...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Ferdinand, Quentin Clement, Benoit Oliveau, Quentin Le Chenadec, Gilles Papadakis, Panagiotis Naval Grp Res Cherbourg En Cotentin France ENSTA Bretagne Lab STICC UMR 6285 Brest France IMT Atlantique Lab STICC UMR 6285 Brest France

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

In class incremental learning, discriminative models are trained to classify images while adapting to new instances and classes incrementally. Training a model to adapt to new classes without total access to previous class data, however, leads to the known problem of catastrophic forgetting of the previously learnt classes. To alleviate this problem, we show how we can build upon recent progress on contrastive learning methods. In particular, we develop an incremental learning approach for deep neural networks operating both at classification and representation level which alleviates forgetting and learns more general features for data classification. Experiments performed on several datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method with respect to well known state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Learning systems Training Deep learning Adaptation models computer vision conferences Computational modeling

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Disentangled Loss for Low-Bit Quantization-Aware Training

Disentangled Loss for Low-Bit Quantization-Aware Training

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Allenet, Thibault Briand, David Bichler, Olivier Sentieys, Olivier CEA LIST Saclay France Univ Rennes INRIA Rennes France

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) has recently showed a lot of potential for low-bit settings in the context of image classification. Approaches based on QAT are using the Cross Entropy Loss function which is the reference loss function in this domain. We investigate quantization-aware training with disentangled loss functions. We qualify a loss to disentangle as it encourages the network output space to be easily discriminated with linear functions. We introduce a new method, Disentangled Loss Quantization Aware Training, as our tool to empirically demonstrate that the quantization procedure benefits from those loss functions. Results show that the proposed method substantially reduces the loss in top-1 accuracy for low-bit quantization on CIFAR10, CIFAR100 and ImageNet. Our best result brings the top-1 Accuracy of a Resnet-18 from 63.1% to 64.0% with binary weights and 2-bit activations when trained on ImageNet.

关键词： Training Visualization computer vision Quantization (signal) conferences Entropy pattern recognition

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Grounding Counterfactual Explanation of Image Classifiers to Textual Concept Space

Grounding Counterfactual Explanation of Image Classifiers to...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Kim, Siwon Oh, Jinoh Lee, Sungjin Yu, Seunghak Doe, Jaeyoung Taghavi, Tara Seoul Natl Univ Data Sci & Artificial Intelligence Lab Seoul South Korea Amazon Alexa AI Seattle WA USA NAVER Search US Seongnam South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

Concept-based explanation aims to provide concise and human-understandable explanations of an image classifier. However, existing concept-based explanation methods typically require a significant amount of manually collected concept-annotated images. This is costly and runs the risk of human biases being involved in the explanation. In this paper, we propose Counterfactual explanation with text-driven concepts (CounTEX), where the concepts are defined only from text by leveraging a pre-trained multimodal joint embedding space without additional concept-annotated datasets. A conceptual counterfactual explanation is generated with text-driven concepts. To utilize the text-driven concepts defined in the joint embedding space to interpret target classifier outcome, we present a novel projection scheme for mapping the two spaces with a simple yet effective implementation. We show that CounTEX generates faithful explanations that provide a semantic understanding of model decision rationale robust to human bias.

关键词： Explainable computer vision

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