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Simulated Quantization, Real Power Savings

Simulated Quantization, Real Power Savings

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： van Baalen, Mart Kahne, Brian Mahurin, Eric Kuzmin, Andrey Skliar, Andrii Nagel, Markus Blankevoort, Tijmen Qualcomm AI Res San Diego CA 92121 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Reduced precision hardware-based matrix multiplication accelerators are commonly employed to reduce power consumption of neural network inference. Multiplier designs used in such accelerators possess an interesting property: When the same bit is 0 for two consecutive compute cycles, the multiplier consumes less power. In this paper we show that this effect can be used to reduce power consumption of neural networks by simulating low bit-width quantization on higher bit-width hardware. We show that simulating 4 bit quantization on 8 bit hardware can yield up to 17% relative reduction in power consumption on commonly used networks. Furthermore, we show that in this context, bit operations (BOPs) are a good proxy for power efficiency, and that learning mixed-precision configurations that target lower BOPs can achieve better trade-offs between accuracy and power efficiency.

关键词： computer vision Power demand Quantization (signal) conferences Neural networks Hardware pattern recognition

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AHIVE: Anatomy-aware Hierarchical vision Encoding for Interactive Radiology Report Retrieval

AHIVE: Anatomy-aware Hierarchical Vision Encoding for Intera...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yan, Sixing Cheung, William K. Tsang, Ivor W. Chiu, Keith Tong, Terence M. Cheung, Ka Chun Seel, Simon Hong Kong Baptist Univ Hong Kong Peoples R China Agcy Sci Technol & Res CFAR Singapore Singapore Agcy Sci Technol & Res IHPC Singapore Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ SCSE Singapore Singapore Univ Technol Sydney AAII Sydney NSW Australia Queen Elizabeth Hosp Hong Kong Peoples R China Kwong Wah Hosp Hong Kong Peoples R China Tuen Mun Hosp Hong Kong Peoples R China NVIDIA Corp NVIDIA AI Technol Ctr Santa Clara CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Automatic radiology report generation using deep learning models has been recently explored and found promising. Neural decoders are commonly used for the report generation, where irrelevant and unfaithful contents are unavoidable. The retrieval-based approach alleviates the limitation by identifying reports which are relevant to the input to assist the generation. To achieve clinically accurate report retrieval, we make reference to clinicians' diagnostic steps of examining a radiology image where anatomical and diagnostic details are typically focused, and propose a novel hierarchical visual concept representation called anatomy-aware hierarchical vision encoding (AHIVE). To learn AHIVE, we first derive a methodology to extract hierarchical diagnostic descriptions from radiology reports and develop a CLIP-based framework for the model training. Also, the hierarchical architecture of AHIVE is designed to support interactive report retrieval so that report revision made at one layer can be propagated to the subsequent ones to trigger other necessary revisions. We conduct extensive experiments and show that AHIVE can outperform the SOTA vision-language retrieval methods in terms of clinical accuracy by a large margin. We provide also a case study to illustrate how it enables interactive report retrieval.

关键词： image-to-text retrieval interactive retrieval system radiology imaging radiology report retrieval

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SparseOcc: Rethinking Sparse Latent Representation for vision-Based Semantic Occupancy Prediction

SparseOcc: Rethinking Sparse Latent Representation for Visio...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Tang, Pin Wang, Zhongdao Wang, Gum-ling Zheng, Jilai Ren, Xiangxuan Feng, Bailan Ma, Chao Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ AI Inst MoE Key Lab Artificial Intelligence Shanghai Peoples R China Huawei Noahs Ark Lab Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

vision-based perception for autonomous driving requires an explicit modeling of a 3D space, where 2D latent representations are mapped and subsequent 3D operators are applied. However, operating on dense latent spaces introduces a cubic time and space complexity, which limits scalability in terms of perception range or spatial resolution. Existing approaches compress the dense representation using projections like Bird's Eye View (BEV) or Tri-Perspective View (TPV). Although efficient, these projections result in information loss, especially for tasks like semantic occupancy prediction. To address this, we propose SparseOcc, an efficient occupancy network inspired by sparse point cloud processing. It utilizes a lossless sparse latent representation with three key innovations. Firstly, a 3D sparse diffuser performs latent completion using spatially decomposed 3D sparse convolutional kernels. Secondly, a feature pyramid and sparse interpolation enhance scales with information from others. Finally, the transformer head is redesigned as a sparse variant. SparseOcc achieves a remarkable 74.9% reduction on FLOPs over the dense baseline. Interestingly, it also improves accuracy, from 12.8% to 14.1% mIOU, which in part can be attributed to the sparse representation's ability to avoid hallucinations on empty voxels.

关键词： Autonomous Driving Occupancy Prediction Sparse Representation vision-Based Perception

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Modeling Collaborator: Enabling Subjective vision Classification With Minimal Human Effort via LLM Tool-Use

Modeling Collaborator: Enabling Subjective Vision Classifica...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Toubal, Imad Eddine Avinash, Aditya Alldrin, Neil Gordon Dlabal, Jan Zhou, Wenlei Luo, Enming Stretcu, Otilia Xiong, Hao Lu, Chun-Ta Zhou, Howard Krishna, Ranjay Fuxman, Ariel Duerig, Tom Google Res Mountain View CA 94043 USA Univ Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA Univ Washington Seattle WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

From content moderation to wildlife conservation, the number of applications that require models to recognize nuanced or subjective visual concepts is growing. Traditionally, developing classifiers for such concepts requires substantial manual effort measured in hours, days, or even months to identify and annotate data needed for training. Even with recently proposed Agile Modeling techniques, which enable rapid bootstrapping of image classifiers, users are still required to spend 30 minutes or more of monotonous, repetitive data labeling just to train a single classifier. Drawing on Fiske's Cognitive Miser theory, we propose a new framework that alleviates manual effort by replacing human labeling with natural language interactions, reducing the total effort required to define a concept by an order of magnitude: from labeling 2,000 images to only 100 plus some natural language interactions. Our framework leverages recent advances in foundation models, both large language models and vision-language models, to carve out the concept space through conversation and by automatically labeling training data points. Most importantly, our framework eliminates the need for crowd-sourced annotations. Moreover, our framework ultimately produces lightweight classification models that are deployable in cost-sensitive scenarios. Across 15 subjective concepts and across 2 public image classification datasets, our trained models outperform traditional Agile Modeling as well as state-of-the-art zero-shot classification models like ALIGN, CLIP, CuPL, and large visual question answering models like PaLI-X.

关键词： agile modeling large language model subjective classification tool-use vision language model

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Residual Feature Pyramid Network for Enhancement of Vascular patterns

Residual Feature Pyramid Network for Enhancement of Vascular...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Kotwal, Ketan Marcel, Sebastien Idiap Res Inst Martigny Switzerland Univ Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

The accuracy of finger vein recognition systems gets degraded due to low and uneven contrast between veins and surroundings, often resulting in poor detection of vein patterns. We propose a finger-vein enhancement technique, ResFPN (Residual Feature Pyramid Network), as a generic preprocessing method agnostic to the recognition pipeline. A bottom-up pyramidal architecture using the novel Structure Detection block (SDBlock) facilitates extraction of veins of varied widths. Using a feature aggregation module (FAM), we combine these vein-structures, and train the proposed ResFPN for detection of veins across scales. With enhanced presentations, our experiments indicate a reduction upto 5% in the average recognition errors for commonly used recognition pipeline over two publicly available datasets. These improvements are persistent even in cross-dataset scenario where the dataset used to train the ResFPN is different from the one used for recognition.

关键词： Histograms Protocols Veins Pipelines Fingers computer architecture Network architecture

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GeoChat : Grounded Large vision-Language Model for Remote Sensing

GeoChat : Grounded Large Vision-Language Model for Remote Se...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Kuckreja, Kartik Danish, Muhammad Sohail Naseer, Muzammal Das, Abhijit Khan, Salman Khan, Fahad Shahbaz Mohamed bin Zayed Univ AI Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates Birla Inst Technol & Sci Hyderabad India Australian Natl Univ Canberra ACT Australia Linkoping Univ Linkoping Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Recent advancements in Large vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown great promise in natural image domains, allowing users to hold a dialogue about given visual content. However, such general-domain VLMs perform poorly for Remote Sensing (RS) scenarios, leading to inaccurate or fabricated information when presented with RS domain-specific queries. Such a behavior emerges due to the unique challenges introduced by RS imagery. For example, to handle high-resolution RS imagery with diverse scale changes across categories and many small objects, region-level reasoning is necessary alongside holistic scene interpretation. Furthermore, the lack of domain-specific multimodal instruction following data as well as strong backbone models for RS make it hard for the models to align their behavior with user queries. To address these limitations, we propose GeoChat - the first versatile remote sensing VLM that offers multitask conversational capabilities with high-resolution RS images. Specifically, GeoChat can not only answer image-level queries but also accepts region inputs to hold region-specific dialogue. Furthermore, it can visually ground objects in its responses by referring to their spatial coordinates. To address the lack of domain-specific datasets, we generate a novel RS multi-modal instruction-following dataset by extending image-text pairs from existing diverse RS datasets. We establish a comprehensive benchmark for RS multitask conversations and compare with a number of baseline methods. GeoChat demonstrates robust zero-shot performance on various RS tasks, e.g., image and region captioning, visual question answering, scene classification, visually grounded conversations and referring detection. Our code is available here.

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Generative Flows as a General Purpose Solution for Inverse Problems

Generative Flows as a General Purpose Solution for Inverse P...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Chavez, Jose A. San Pablo Catholic Univ Arequipa Peru

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Due to the success of generative flows to model data distributions, they have been explored in inverse problems. Given a pre-trained generative flow, previous work proposed to minimize the 2-norm of the latent variables as a regularization term. The intuition behind it was to ensure high likelihood latent variables that produce the closest restoration. However, high-likelihood latent variables may generate unrealistic samples as we show in our experiments. We therefore propose a solver to directly produce high-likelihood reconstructions. We hypothesize that our approach could make generative flows a general purpose solver for inverse problems. Furthermore, we propose 1x1 coupling functions to introduce permutations in a generative flow. It has the advantage that its inverse does not require to be calculated in the generation process. Finally, we evaluate our method for denoising, deblurring, inpainting, and colorization. We observe a compelling improvement of our method over prior works.

关键词： Couplings computer vision Inverse problems conferences Noise reduction Data models pattern recognition

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DUSt3R: Geometric 3D vision Made Easy

DUSt3R: Geometric 3D Vision Made Easy

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Wang, Shuzhe Leroyt, Vincent Cabon, Yohann Chidlovskii, Boris Revaud, Jerome Aalto Univ Espoo Finland Naver Labs Europe Meylan France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Multi-view stereo reconstruction (MVS) in the wild re-quires to first estimate the camera intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. These are usually tedious and cumbersome to obtain, yet they are mandatory to triangulate corresponding pixels in 3D space, which is at the core of all best performing MVS algorithms. In this work, we take an opposite stance and introduce DUSt3R, a radically novel paradigm for Dense and Unconstrained Stereo 3D Reconstruction of arbitrary image collections, operating without prior information about camera calibration nor viewpoint poses. We cast the pairwise reconstruction problem as a regression of pointmaps, relaxing the hard constraints of usual projective camera models. We show that this formulation smoothly unifies the monocular and binocular reconstruction cases. In the case where more than two images are provided, we further propose a simple yet effective global alignment strategy that expresses all pairwise pointmaps in a common reference frame. We base our network architecture on standard Transformer encoders and decoders, allowing us to leverage powerful pretrained models. Our formulation directly provides a 3D model of the scene as well as depth information, but interestingly, we can seamlessly recover from it, pixel matches, focal lengths, relative and absolute cameras. Extensive experiments on all these tasks showcase how DUSt3R effectively unifies various 3D vision tasks, setting new performance records on monocular & multi-view depth estimation as well as relative pose estimation. In summary, DUSt3R makes many geometric 3D vision tasks easy. Code and mod-els at https://***/naver/dust3r.

关键词： 3D reconstruction camera calibration foundation model monocular depth multi-view depth multi-view pose estimation visual localization

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Visual Semantic Relatedness Dataset for Image Captioning

Visual Semantic Relatedness Dataset for Image Captioning

引用

2023 ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： Sabir, Ahmed Moreno-Noguer, Francesc Padró, Lluís Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya TALP Research Center Barcelona Spain CSIC-UPC Institut de Ròbotica i Informàtica Industrial Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Modern image captioning system relies heavily on extracting knowledge from images to capture the concept of a static story. In this paper, we propose a textual visual context dataset for captioning, in which the publicly available dataset COCO Captions [30] has been extended with information about the scene (such as objects in the image). Since this information has a textual form, it can be used to leverage any NLP task, such as text similarity or semantic relation methods, into captioning systems, either as an end-to-end training strategy or a post-processing based approach. Our dataset is available at https://***/ahmedssabir/Textual-Visual-Semantic-Dataset. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： computer vision

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CAD-SIGNet: CAD Language Inference from Point Clouds using Layer-wise Sketch Instance Guided Attention

CAD-SIGNet: CAD Language Inference from Point Clouds using L...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Khan, Mohammad Sadil Dupont, Elona Ali, Sk Aziz Cherenkova, Kseniya Kacem, Anis Aouada, Djamila Univ Luxembourg SnT Luxembourg Luxembourg German Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence Berlin Germany Artec3D Luxembourg Luxembourg

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

Reverse engineering in the realm of computer-Aided Design (CAD) has been a longstanding aspiration, though not yet entirely realized. Its primary aim is to uncover the CAD process behind a physical object given its 3D scan. We propose CAD- SIGNet, an end-to-end trainable and aeto-regressive architecture to recover the design history of a CAD model represented as a sequence of sketch-and-extrusion from an input point cloud. Our model learns CAD visual-language representations by layer-wise cross-attention between point cloud and CAD language embedding. In particular, a new Sketch instance Guided Attention (SGA) module is proposed in order to reconstruct the fine-grained details of the sketches. Thanks to its auto-regressive nature, CAD-SIGNet not only reconstructs a unique full design history of the corresponding CAD model given an input point cloud but also provides multiple plausible design choices. This allows for an interactive reverse engineering scenario by providing designers with multiple next step choices along with the design process. Extensive experiments on publicly available CAD datasets showcase the effectiveness of our approach against existing baseline models in two settings, namely, full design history recovery and conditional autocompletion from point clouds.

关键词： 3D Point Clouds computer-Aided Design (CAD) Reverse Engineering vision Language Models

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