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RLHF-V: Towards Trustworthy MLLMs via Behavior Alignment from Fine-grained Correctional Human Feedback

RLHF-V: Towards Trustworthy MLLMs via Behavior Alignment fro...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yu, Tianyu Yao, Yuan Zhang, Haoye He, Taiwen Han, Yifeng Cui, Ganqu Hu, Jinyi Liu, Zhiyuan Zheng, Hai-Tao Sun, Maosong Tsinghua Univ Beijing Peoples R China Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore Tsinghua Univ Shenzhen Int Grad Sch Beijing Peoples R China Pengcheng Lab Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities in multimodal understanding, reasoning, and interaction. However, existing MLLMs prevalently suffer from serious hallucination problems, generating text that is not factually grounded in associated images. The problem makes existing MLLMs untrustworthy and thus impractical in real-world (especially high-stakes) applications. To address the challenge, we present RLHF-V, which enhances MLLM trustworthiness via behavior alignment from fine-grained correctional human feedback. Specifically, RLHF-V collects human preference in the form of segment-level corrections on hallucinations, and performs dense direct preference optimization over the human feedback. Comprehensive experiments on five benchmarks in both automatic and human evaluation show that, RLHF-V can enable substantially more trustworthy MLLM behaviors with promising data and computation efficiency. Remarkably, using 1.4k annotated data samples, RLHF-V significantly reduces the hallucination rate of the base MLLM by 34.8%, outperforming the concurrent LLaVA-RLHF trained on 10k annotated data. The final model achieves state-of-the-art performance in trustworthiness among open-source MLLMs, and shows better ro-bustness than GPT-4V in preventing hallucinations aroused from over-generalization.

关键词： hallucination language reasoning vision

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Multiclass Confidence and Localization Calibration for Object Detection

Multiclass Confidence and Localization Calibration for Objec...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Pathiraja, Bimsara Gunawardhana, Malitha Khan, Muhammad Haris Mohamed Bin Zayed Univ Artificial Intelligence Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

Albeit achieving high predictive accuracy across many challenging computer vision problems, recent studies suggest that deep neural networks (DNNs) tend to make overconfident predictions, rendering them poorly calibrated. Most of the existing attempts for improving DNN calibration are limited to classification tasks and restricted to calibrating in-domain predictions. Surprisingly, very little to no attempts have been made in studying the calibration of object detection methods, which occupy a pivotal space in vision-based security-sensitive, and safety-critical applications. In this paper, we propose a new train-time technique for calibrating modern object detection methods. It is capable of jointly calibrating multiclass confidence and box localization by leveraging their predictive uncertainties. We perform extensive experiments on several in-domain and out-of-domain detection benchmarks. Results demonstrate that our proposed train-time calibration method consistently outperforms several baselines in reducing calibration error for both in-domain and out-of-domain predictions. Our code and models are available at https: //***/bimsarapathiraja/MCCL

关键词： vision applications and systems

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Momentum Contrastive Pruning

Momentum Contrastive Pruning

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Pan, Siyuan Qin, Yiming Li, Tingyao Li, Xiaoshuang Hou, Liang Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Comp Technol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Momentum contrast [16] (MoCo) for unsupervised visual representation learning has a close performance to supervised learning, but it sometimes possesses excess parameters. Extracting a subnetwork from an over-parameterized unsupervised network without sacrificing performance is of particular interest to accelerate inference speed. Typical pruning methods are not applicable for MoCo, because in the fine-tune stage after pruning, the slow update of the momentum encoder will undermine the pretrained encoder. In this paper, we propose a Momentum Contrastive Pruning (MCP) method, which prunes the momentum encoder instead to obtain a momentum subnet. It maintains an unpruned momentum encoder as a smooth transition scheme to alleviate the representation gap between the encoder and momentum subnet. To fulfill the sparsity requirements of the encoder, alternating direction method of multipliers [40] (ADMM) is adopted. Experiments prove that our MCP method can obtain a momentum subnet that has almost equal performance as the over-parameterized MoCo when transferred to downstream tasks, meanwhile has much less parameters and float operations per second (FLOPs).

关键词： Representation learning Visualization computer vision conferences Computational modeling Supervised learning Self-supervised learning

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Prompt-Enhanced Multiple Instance Learning for Weakly Supervised Video Anomaly Detection

Prompt-Enhanced Multiple Instance Learning for Weakly Superv...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Chen, Junxi Li, Liang Su, Li Zha, Zheng-Jun Huang, Qingming Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Intell Info Proc ICT Beijing Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Shenzhen Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Hefei Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Safety Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Weakly-supervised Video Anomaly Detection (wVAD) aims to detect frame-level anomalies using only video-level labels in training. Due to the limitation of coarse-grained labels, Multi-Instance Learning (MIL) is prevailing in wVAD. However, MIL suffers from insufficiency of binary supervision to model diverse abnormal patterns. Besides, the coupling between abnormality and its context hinders the learning of clear abnormal event boundary. In this paper, we propose prompt-enhanced MIL to detect various abnormal events while ensuring clear event boundaries. Concretely, we design the abnormal-aware prompts by using abnormal class annotations together with learnable prompt, which can incorporate semantic priors into video features dynamically. The detector can utilize the semantic-rich features to capture diverse abnormal patterns. In addition, normal context prompt is introduced to amplify the distinction between abnormality and its context, facilitating the generation of clear boundary. With the mutual enhancement of abnormal-aware and normal context prompt, the model can construct discriminative representations to detect divergent anomalies without ambiguous event boundaries. Extensive experiments demonstrate our method achieves SOTA performance on three public bench-marks. The code is available at https://***/Junxi-Chen/PE-MIL.

关键词： computer vision Video Anomaly Detection

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LL3DA: Visual Interactive Instruction Tuning for Omni-3D Understanding, Reasoning, and Planning

LL3DA: Visual Interactive Instruction Tuning for Omni-3D Und...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Chen, Sijin Chen, Xin Zhang, Chi Li, Mingsheng Yu, Gang Fei, Hao Zhu, Hongyuan Fan, Jiayuan Chen, Tao Fudan Univ Shanghai Peoples R China Tencent PCG Shenzhen Peoples R China Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore ASTAR Inst InfoComm Res I2R Singapore Singapore ASTAR Ctr Frontier AI Res CFAR Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Recent progress in Large Multimodal Models (LMM) has opened up great possibilities for various applications in the field of human-machine interactions. However, developing LMMs that can comprehend, reason, and plan in complex and diverse 3D environments remains a challenging topic, especially considering the demand for understanding permutation-invariant point cloud representations of the 3D scene. Existing works seek help from multi-view images by projecting 2D features to 3D space, which inevitably leads to huge computational overhead and performance degradation. In this paper, we present LL3DA, a Large Language 3D Assistant that takes point cloud as the direct input and responds to both text instructions and visual interactions. The additional visual interaction enables LMMs to better comprehend human interactions with the 3D environment and further remove the ambiguities within plain texts. Experiments show that LL3DA achieves remarkable results and surpasses various 3D vision-language models on both 3D Dense Captioning and 3D Question Answering.

关键词： large language models Multi-modal learning vision and language

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Online Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Person Re-identification

Online Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Person Re-identifi...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Rami, Hamza Ospici, Matthieu Lathuiliere, Stephane Inst Polytech Paris Telecom Paris LTCI Paris France Atos London England

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Unsupervised domain adaptation for person re-identification (Person Re-ID) is the task of transferring the learned knowledge on the labeled source domain to the unlabeled target domain. Most of the recent papers that address this problem adopt an offline training setting. More precisely, the training of the Re-ID model is done assuming that we have access to the complete training target domain data set. In this paper, we argue that the target domain generally consists of a stream of data in a practical realworld application, where data is continuously increasing from the different network's cameras. The Re-ID solutions are also constrained by confidentiality regulations stating that the collected data can be stored for only a limited period, hence the model can no longer get access to previously seen target images. Therefore, we present a new yet practical online setting for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for person Re-ID with two main constraints: Online Adaptation and Privacy Protection. We then adapt and evaluate the state-of-the-art UDA algorithms on this new online setting using the well-known Market-1501, Duke, and MSMT17 benchmarks.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Privacy computer vision conferences Benchmark testing Data models

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Linear Combination Approximation of Feature for Channel Pruning

Linear Combination Approximation of Feature for Channel Prun...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Joo, Donggyu Kim, Doyeon Yi, Eojindl Kim, Junmo Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol KAIST Daejeon South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Network pruning is an effective method that reduces the computation of neural networks while maintaining high performance. This enables the operation of deep neural networks in resource-limited environments. In a general large network, the roles of each channel often inevitably overlap with those of others. Therefore, for more effective pruning, it is important to observe the correlation between features in the network. In this paper, we propose a novel channel pruning method, namely, the linear combination approximation of features (LCAF). We approximate each feature map by a linear combination of other feature maps in the same layer, and then remove the most approximated one. Additionally, by exploiting the linearity of the convolution operation, we propose a supporting method called weight modification, to further reduce the loss change that occurs during pruning. Extensive experiments show that LCAF achieves state-of-the-art performance in several benchmarks. Furthermore, ablations on the LCAF demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in a variety of ways.

关键词： Deep learning computer vision Correlation Convolution conferences Neural networks Linearity

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SphereGlue: Learning Keypoint Matching on High Resolution Spherical Images

SphereGlue: Learning Keypoint Matching on High Resolution Sp...

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2023 ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： Gava, Christiano Mukunda, Vishal Habtegebrial, Tewodros Raue, Federico Palacio, Sebastian Dengel, Andreas Dfki Germany University of Kaiserslautern-Landau Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Traditionally, spherical keypoint matching has been performed using greedy algorithms, such as Nearest Neighbors (NN) search. NN based algorithms often lead to erroneous or insufficient matches as they fail to leverage global keypoint neighborhood information. Inspired by a recent learned perspective matching approach [53] we introduce SphereGlue: a Graph Neural Network based feature matching for high-resolution spherical images. The proposed model naturally handles the severe distortions resulting from geometric transformations. Rigorous evaluations demonstrate the efficacy of SphereGlue in matching both learned and handcrafted keypoints, on synthetic and real high-resolution spherical images. Moreover, SphereGlue generalizes well to previously unseen real-world and synthetic scenes. Results on camera pose estimation show that SphereGlue can directly replace state-of-the-art matching algorithms, in downstream tasks. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： computer vision

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BEVSpread: Spread Voxel Pooling for Bird's-Eye-View Representation in vision-based Roadside 3D Object Detection

BEVSpread: Spread Voxel Pooling for Bird's-Eye-View Represen...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Wang, Wenjie Lu, Yehao Zheng, Guangcong Zhan, Shuigen Ye, Xiaoqing Tan, Zichang Wang, Jingdong Wang, Gaoang Li, Xi Zhejiang Univ Coll Comp Sci & Technol Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Polytech Inst Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Baidu Beijing Peoples R China Zhejiang Singapore Innovat & AI Joint Res Lab Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

vision-based roadside 3D object detection has attracted rising attention in autonomous driving domain, since it encompasses inherent advantages in reducing blind spots and expanding perception range. While previous work mainly focuses on accurately estimating depth or height for 2D- to-3D mapping, ignoring the position approximation error in the voxel pooling process. Inspired by this insight, we propose a novel voxel pooling strategy to reduce such error, dubbed BEVSpread. Specifically, instead of bringing the image features contained in a frustum point to a single BEV grid, BEVSpread considers each frustum point as a source and spreads the image features to the surrounding BEV grids with adaptive weights. To achieve superior propagation performance, a specific weight function is designed to dynamically control the decay speed of the weights according to distance and depth. Aided by customized CUDA parallel acceleration, BEVSpread achieves comparable inference time as the original voxel pooling. Extensive experiments on two large-scale roadside benchmarks demonstrate that, as a plug-in, BEVSpread can significantly improve the performance of existing frustum-based BEV methods by a large margin of (1.12, 5.26, 3.01) AP in vehicle, pedestrian and cyclist. The source code will be made publicly available at BEVSpread.

关键词： 3D Object Detection Autonomous Driving BEV

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Unsupervised Anomaly Detection from Time-of-Flight Depth Images

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection from Time-of-Flight Depth Ima...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Schneider, Pascal Rambach, Jason Mirbach, Bruno Stricker, Didier German Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence DFKI Trippstadter Str 122 D-67663 Kaiserslautern Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Video anomaly detection (VAD) addresses the problem of automatically finding anomalous events in video data. The primary data modalities on which current VAD systems work on are monochrome or RGB images. Using depth data in this context instead is still hardly explored in spite of depth images being a popular choice in many other computer vision research areas and the increasing availability of inexpensive depth camera hardware. We evaluate the application of existing autoencoder-based methods on depth video and propose how the advantages of using depth data can be leveraged by integration into the loss function. Training is done unsupervised using normal sequences without need for any additional annotations. We show that depth allows easy extraction of auxiliary information for scene analysis in the form of a foreground mask and demonstrate its beneficial effect on the anomaly detection performance through evaluation on a large public dataset, for which we are also the first ones to present results on.

关键词： Training Optical losses computer vision Cameras Transformers Sensors Task analysis

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