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Consistency-based Active Learning for Object Detection

Consistency-based Active Learning for Object Detection

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yu, Weiping Zhu, Sijie Yang, Taojiannan Chen, Chen Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Singapore Singapore Univ Cent Florida Ctr Res Comp Vis Orlando FL 32816 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Active learning aims to improve the performance of the task model by selecting the most informative samples with a limited budget. Unlike most recent works that focus on applying active learning for image classification, we propose an effective Consistency-based Active Learning method for object Detection (CALD), which fully explores the consistency between the original and augmented data. CALD has three appealing benefits. (i) CALD is systematically designed by investigating the weaknesses of existing active learning methods, which do not take the unique challenges of object detection into account. (ii) CALD unifies box regression and classification with a single metric, which is not concerned with active learning methods for classification. CALD also focuses on the most informative local region rather than the whole image, which is beneficial for object detection. (iii) CALD not only gauges individual information for sample selection but also leverages mutual information to encourage a balanced data distribution. Extensive experiments show that CALD significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art task-agnostic and detection-specific active learning methods on general object detection datasets. Based on the Faster R-CNN detector, CALD consistently surpasses the baseline method (random selection) by 2.9/2.8/0.8 mAP on average on PASCAL VOC 2007, PASCAL VOC 2012, and MS COCO.

关键词： Learning systems Measurement computer vision conferences Object detection Detectors pattern recognition

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X-Pruner: eXplainable Pruning for vision Transformers

X-Pruner: eXplainable Pruning for Vision Transformers

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yu, Lu Xiang, Wei James Cook Univ Townsville Australia La Trobe Univ Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

Recently vision transformer models have become prominent models for a range of tasks. These models, however, usually suffer from intensive computational costs and heavy memory requirements, making them impractical for deployment on edge platforms. Recent studies have proposed to prune transformers in an unexplainable manner, which overlook the relationship between internal units of the model and the target class, thereby leading to inferior performance. To alleviate this problem, we propose a novel explainable pruning framework dubbed X-Pruner, which is designed by considering the explainability of the pruning criterion. Specifically, to measure each prunable unit's contribution to predicting each target class, a novel explainability-aware mask is proposed and learned in an end-to-end manner. Then, to preserve the most informative units and learn the layer-wise pruning rate, we adaptively search the layer-wise threshold that differentiates between unpruned and pruned units based on their explainability-aware mask values. To verify and evaluate our method, we apply the X-Pruner on representative transformer models including the DeiT and Swin Transformer. Comprehensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed X-Pruner outperforms the state-of-the-art black-box methods with significantly reduced computational costs and slight performance degradation. Code is available at https: //***/vickyyu90/XPruner.

关键词： Explainable computer vision

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vision Transformers Are Good Mask Auto-Labelers

Vision Transformers Are Good Mask Auto-Labelers

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Lan, Shiyi Yang, Xitong Yu, Zhiding Wu, Zuxuan Alvarez, Jose M. Anandkumar, Anima NVIDIA Santa Clara CA 95051 USA Meta AI FAIR London England Fudan Univ Shanghai Peoples R China CALTECH Pasadena CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

We propose Mask Auto-Labeler (MAL), a high-quality Transformer-based mask auto-labeling framework for instance segmentation using only box annotations. MAL takes box-cropped images as inputs and conditionally generates their mask pseudo-labels. We show that vision Transformers are good mask auto-labelers. Our method significantly reduces the gap between auto-labeling and human annotation regarding mask quality. Instance segmentation models trained using the MAL-generated masks can nearly match the performance of their fully-supervised counterparts, retaining up to 97.4% performance of fully supervised models. The best model achieves 44.1% mAP on COCO instance segmentation (test-dev 2017), outperforming state-of-the-art box-supervised methods by significant margins. Qualitative results indicate that masks produced by MAL are, in some cases, even better than human annotations.

关键词： grouping and shape analysis Segmentation

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ActAR: Actor-Driven Pose Embeddings for Video Action recognition

ActAR: Actor-Driven Pose Embeddings for Video Action Recogni...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Lamghari, Soufiane Bilodeau, Guillaume-Alexandre Saunier, Nicolas Polytech Montreal Dept Comp & Software Engn LITIV Lab Montreal PQ Canada Polytech Montreal Dept Civil Geol & Min Engn Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Human action recognition (HAR) in videos is one of the core tasks of video understanding. Based on video sequences, the goal is to recognize actions performed by humans. While HAR has received much attention in the visible spectrum, action recognition in infrared videos is little studied. Accurate recognition of human actions in the infrared domain is a highly challenging task because of the redundant and indistinguishable texture features present in the sequence. Furthermore, in some cases, challenges arise from the irrelevant information induced by the presence of multiple active persons not contributing to the actual action of interest. Therefore, most existing methods consider a standard paradigm that does not take into account these challenges, which is in some part due to the ambiguous definition of the recognition task in some cases. In this paper, we propose a new method that simultaneously learns to recognize efficiently human actions in the infrared spectrum, while automatically identifying the key-actors performing the action without using any prior knowledge or explicit annotations. Our method is composed of three stages. In the first stage, optical flow-based key-actor identification is performed. Then for each key-actor, we estimate key-poses that will guide the frame selection process. A scale-invariant encoding process along with embedded pose filtering are performed in order to enhance the quality of action representations. Experimental results on InfAR dataset show that our proposed model achieves promising recognition performance and learns useful action representations.

关键词： Training Optical filters Filtering Annotations Computational modeling Video sequences pattern recognition

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Blind Image Inpainting via Omni-dimensional Gated Attention and Wavelet Queries

Blind Image Inpainting via Omni-dimensional Gated Attention ...

引用

2023 ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： Phutke, Shruti S. Kulkarni, Ashutosh Vipparthi, Santosh Kumar Murala, Subrahmanyam Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Lab Punjab Rupnagar India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Blind image inpainting is a crucial restoration task that does not demand additional mask information to restore the corrupted regions. Yet, it is a very less explored research area due to the difficulty in discriminating between corrupted and valid regions. There exist very few approaches for blind image inpainting which sometimes fail at producing plausible inpainted images. Since they follow a common practice of predicting the corrupted regions and then inpaint them. To skip the corrupted region prediction step and obtain better results, in this work, we propose a novel end-to-end architecture for blind image inpainting consisting of wavelet query multi-head attention transformer block and the omni-dimensional gated attention. The proposed wavelet query multi-head attention in the transformer block provides encoder features via processed wavelet coefficients as query to the multi-head attention. Further, the proposed omni-dimensional gated attention effectively provides all dimensional attentive features from the encoder to the respective decoder. Our proposed approach is compared numerically and visually with existing state-of-the-art methods for blind image inpainting on different standard datasets. The comparative and ablation studies prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach for blind image inpainting. The testing code is available at : https://***/shrutiphutke/Blind-Omni-Wav-Net © 2023 ieee.

关键词： Restoration

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Coupling vision and Proprioception for Navigation of Legged Robots

Coupling Vision and Proprioception for Navigation of Legged ...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Fu, Zipeng Kumar, Ashish Agarwal, Ananye Qi, Haozhi Malik, Jitendra Pathak, Deepak Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley CA USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665469463

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

We exploit the complementary strengths of vision and proprioception to develop a point-goal navigation system for legged robots, called VP-Nav. Legged systems are capable of traversing more complex terrain than wheeled robots, but to fully utilize this capability, we need a high-level path planner in the navigation system to be aware of the walking capabilities of the low-level locomotion policy in varying environments. We achieve this by using proprioceptive feedback to ensure the safety of the planned path by sensing unexpected obstacles like glass walls, terrain properties like slipperiness or softness of the ground and robot properties like extra payload that are likely missed by vision. The navigation system uses onboard cameras to generate an occupancy map and a corresponding cost map to reach the goal. A fast marching planner then generates a target path. A velocity command generator takes this as input to generate the desired velocity for the walking policy. A safety advisor module adds sensed unexpected obstacles to the occupancy map and environment-determined speed limits to the velocity command generator. We show superior performance compared to wheeled robot baselines, and ablation studies which have disjoint highlevel planning and low-level control. We also show the real-world deployment of VP-Nav on a quadruped robot with onboard sensors and computation. Videos at https://***

关键词： Legged locomotion Navigation Robot vision systems Robot sensing systems Generators Sensors Safety

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DeepSegmenter: Temporal Action Localization for Detecting Anomalies in Untrimmed Naturalistic Driving Videos

DeepSegmenter: Temporal Action Localization for Detecting An...

引用

2023 ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： Aboah, Armstrong Bagci, Ulas Mussah, Abdul Rashid Owor, Neema Jakisa Adu-Gyamfi, Yaw Northwestern University Department of Radiology United States University of Missouri-Columbia Department of Civil Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Identifying unusual driving behaviors exhibited by drivers during driving is essential for understanding driver behavior and the underlying causes of crashes. Previous studies have primarily approached this problem as a classification task, assuming that naturalistic driving videos come discretized. However, both activity segmentation and classification are required for this task due to the continuous nature of naturalistic driving videos. The current study therefore departs from conventional approaches and introduces a novel methodological framework, DeepSegmenter, that simultaneously performs activity segmentation and classification in a single framework. The proposed framework consists of four major modules namely Data Module, Activity Segmentation Module, Classification Module and Postprocessing Module. Our proposed method won 8th place in the 2023 AI City Challenge, Track 3, with an activity overlap score of 0.5426 on experimental validation data. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness, efficiency, and robustness of the proposed system. The code is available at https://***/aboah1994/***. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： computer vision

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引用

2023 ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： Sreenivas, Manogna Biswas, Soma Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning (CD-FSL) aims to recognize new classes from unseen domains, given limited training samples. Majority of the state-of-the-art approaches for this task introduce new task-specific additional parameters for adapting to the novel task, which involves changing the trained model architecture, in addition to increasing the number of model parameters. The first contribution of this work is to revisit the existing approaches like modifying the Batch Normalization affine parameters and the scale hyperparameter in cosine similarity based softmax loss for adapting the trained model to the new tasks, without changing the model architecture. Secondly, to aid the model learning with few examples per class, we propose to augment the data of each class with the styles of the semantically similar classes. Extensive evaluation on the challenging Meta-Dataset shows that this simple framework is very effective for the CD-FSL task. We also show that the Similar-class Style Augmentation module can be seamlessly integrated with existing approaches to further improve their performance, thus establishing the state-of-the-art in this challenging area. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： computer vision

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A-CAP: Anticipation Captioning with Commonsense Knowledge

A-CAP: Anticipation Captioning with Commonsense Knowledge

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Duc Minh Vo Quoc-An Luong Sugimoto, Akihiro Nakayama, Hideki Univ Tokyo Tokyo Japan Grad Univ Adv Studies Hayama Kanagawa Japan Natl Inst Informat Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

Humans possess the capacity to reason about the future based on a sparse collection of visual cues acquired over time. In order to emulate this ability, we introduce a novel task called Anticipation Captioning, which generates a caption for an unseen oracle image using a sparsely temporally-ordered set of images. To tackle this new task, we propose a model called A-CAP, which incorporates commonsense knowledge into a pre-trained vision-language model, allowing it to anticipate the caption. Through both qualitative and quantitative evaluations on a customized visual storytelling dataset, A-CAP outperforms other image captioning methods and establishes a strong baseline for anticipation captioning. We also address the challenges inherent in this task.

关键词： and reasoning language vision

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KiUT: Knowledge-injected U-Transformer for Radiology Report Generation

KiUT: Knowledge-injected U-Transformer for Radiology Report ...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Huang, Zhongzhen Zhang, Xiaofan Zhang, Shaoting Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Peoples R China Shanghai AI Lab Shanghai Peoples R China SenseTime Res Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

Radiology report generation aims to automatically generate a clinically accurate and coherent paragraph from the X-ray image, which could relieve radiologists from the heavy burden of report writing. Although various image caption methods have shown remarkable performance in the natural image field, generating accurate reports for medical images requires knowledge of multiple modalities, including vision, language, and medical terminology. We propose a Knowledge-injected U-Transformer (KiUT) to learn multi-level visual representation and adaptively dis-till the information with contextual and clinical knowledge for word prediction. In detail, a U-connection schema between the encoder and decoder is designed to model interactions between different modalities. And a symptom graph and an injected knowledge distiller are developed to assist the report generation. Experimentally, we outperform state-of-the-art methods on two widely used benchmark datasets: IU-Xray and MIMIC-CXR. Further experimental results prove the advantages of our architecture and the complementary benefits of the injected knowledge.

关键词： cell microscopy Medical and biological vision

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