While Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an important asset in many areas of science and technology, safety is often not treated as important as required for aviation. Neglecting safety is not an option for aviat...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350349610
While Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an important asset in many areas of science and technology, safety is often not treated as important as required for aviation. Neglecting safety is not an option for aviation, where strict laws and regulations govern the certification process of new aircraft. Thus, a solid understanding of the underlying AI-based system is important to certify such systems. To this day, manual inspection by humans is an essential step for certification, however requires proper tooling. One such tool, called Advisory Viewer, is presented in this work, helping to break down the high-dimensional vector space of neural networks. The tool presented here can visualize decisions derived from assemblies of neural networks for arbitrary 2-dimensional parameter sweeps and provides real-time feedback upon any parameter change. It is designed to better understand the neural networks behind openCAS, an open-source implementation for the Airborne Collision Avoidance System X (ACAS X), the upcoming implementation for collision avoidance in aviation. However, as currently designed, implementing ACAS X is not feasible on current aviation hardware, as the required memory is not available. Here, neural networks and their ability to compress and generalize can be a solution. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that the AI-based system behind ACAS X always produces correct predictions. Finally, to fix the detected irregularities, this work implements a Safety Net to ensure the correct output for the ACAS X use case. Safety Nets are designed on the idea of sparse lookup tables (LUTs), storing only the points where the neural networks are known to fail. By deploying a system consisting of a Safety Net together with neural network(s), a small, yet potentially certifiable system can be designed and built. This work presents a generic data format for LUTs and recommended algorithms to populate and organize said LUTs for quick access during runtime. Combined, th
Globally, it has been noted that more people are dying from liver disease than from other serious illnesses. The most prevalent forms of liver disease first exhibit no symptoms. This cause liver failure and lead to ca...
详细信息
This Innovative Practice paper presents the redesign of an introductory data visualization college course to foster participation and engagement in an online setting. Four classroom exercises, referred to as "Zoo...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665438513
This Innovative Practice paper presents the redesign of an introductory data visualization college course to foster participation and engagement in an online setting. Four classroom exercises, referred to as "Zoom Experiences," are described. Zoom Experiences varied depending on the topic being covered and were different each day to keep students' interest. Students were asked to indicate if they would recommend the "experience" (or not) using a 5-point Likert Scale ranging from: (1) I would definitely NOT recommend, to (5) I would definitely recommend the exercise. A total of 84 responses were analyzed. Analysis of responses indicate over 57% would recommend or highly recommend the activities, 35% would likely recommend, and 8% would not recommend the activities. The goal of the experiences was to help students stay engaged in an on-line element of a course originally designed for in- class participation.
State change comparison of multiple data items is often necessary in multiple application domains, such as medical science, financial engineering, sociology, biological science, etc. Slope graphs and grouped bar chart...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665433358
State change comparison of multiple data items is often necessary in multiple application domains, such as medical science, financial engineering, sociology, biological science, etc. Slope graphs and grouped bar charts have been widely used to show a "before-and-after" story of different data states and indicate their changes. However, they visualize state changes as either slope or difference of bars, which has been proved less effective for quantitative comparison. Also, both visual designs suffer from visual clutter issues with an increasing number of data items. In this paper, we propose Intercept Graph, a novel visual design to facilitate effective interactive comparison of state changes. Specifically, a radial design is proposed to visualize the starting and ending states of each data item and the line segment length explicitly encodes the "state change". By interactively adjusting the radius of the inner circular axis, Intercept Graph can smoothly filter the large state changes and magnify the difference between similar state changes, mitigating the visual clutter issues and enhancing the effective comparison of state changes. We conducted a case study through comparing Intercept Graph with slope graphs and grouped bar charts on real datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of Intercept Graph.
Adaptive bitrate (ABR) technology is widely adopted in video streaming to improve quality of experience (QoE). However, existing methods ignore the inherent characteristic of Human Visual System (HVS), i.e., HVS has d...
详细信息
Surveillance cameras typically study the exact same scene day and night, year after year, but utilize general pedestrian detectors trained to detect pedestrians from any viewing angle. By specializing the detector to ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665463829
Surveillance cameras typically study the exact same scene day and night, year after year, but utilize general pedestrian detectors trained to detect pedestrians from any viewing angle. By specializing the detector to the scene it is used on, its need for computational resources can be reduced and thereby its carbon footprint and operational cost. We propose a (optionally straightened) height normalizing image transform, (S)HeNIT, to be used as a preprocessing step to a CNN detector. It removes the pixel height variations of pedestrians moving on a ground plane. Therefore, the visual variation is reduced, and the available pixels are more evenly redistributed between close and distant pedestrians. This allows the detector to be specialized to a specific scene by fine-tuning and pruning it on rendered, scene specific, synthetic data. The transform also allows for lower resolution input images to be used, making recognition more difficult, which is desirable from a privacy standpoint.
For masked images, although there are many methods that can be completed to a reasonable result, their output is only one. In fact, there should be multiple possible predictions for a masked face image. To address thi...
详细信息
This article reflects on the challenges and successes of providing cutting-edge immersive visualization facilities for a variety of academic users. For over 25 years, the University visualization and Animation Group (...
详细信息
This article reflects on the challenges and successes of providing cutting-edge immersive visualization facilities for a variety of academic users. For over 25 years, the University visualization and Animation Group (now Advanced Research Computing) has provided cyberinfrastructure and support for designers, engineers, and scientists with data and visualization needs. We consider the history and evolution of these services and inventory several aspects of their research and educational impact. While there are many other examples of successful installations, we present evidence demonstrating the cross-cutting value of these institutional cyberinfrastructure resources and prospectives for future research.
This paper addresses the design and implementation of a visualization tool for type checking terms of simply typed lambda calculus. Motivated by the need for a user-friendly and effective tool to understand the type-c...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798350387681
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350387698
This paper addresses the design and implementation of a visualization tool for type checking terms of simply typed lambda calculus. Motivated by the need for a user-friendly and effective tool to understand the type-checking process of programs within this system, we chose to use Elm language to implement a tool. The tool includes step-by-step construction of the type-checking tree, with the ability to control certain aspects of the visualization, such as the abbreviation of context and the displaying of rule names used. A successful usability test of the system highlights its effectiveness in improving understanding of simply typed lambda calculus and its ability to provide a clear and interactive interface for users. This tool can be a useful teaching aid in university courses dedicated to type theory.
With the use of Cloud Technology, Big Data and its visualization now become an essential elements of information technology. Over the past few decades, protecting sensitive data from hackers has been a struggle. To pr...
详细信息
暂无评论