Scenario modeling for Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) enables scenario-based simulation and verification which are critical for the development of safe ADS. However, with the increasing complexity and uncertainty of ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350300390
Scenario modeling for Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) enables scenario-based simulation and verification which are critical for the development of safe ADS. However, with the increasing complexity and uncertainty of ADS, it becomes increasingly challenging to manually model driving scenarios and conduct verification analysis. To tackle these challenges, we propose a novel and pragmatic framework for scenario modeling, simulation and verification. The novelty is that it's a verification-in-the-loop scenario modeling framework. The scenario modeling language with formal semantics is proposed based on the domain knowledge of ADS. It facilitates scenario verification to analyze the safety of scenario models. Moreover, the scenario simulation is implemented based on the scenario executor. Compared with existing works, our framework can simplify the description of scenarios in a non-programming, user-friendly manner, model stochastic behavior of vehicles, support safe verification of scenario models with UPPAAL-SMC and generate executable scenario in some open-source simulators such as CARLA. To preliminarily demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of our approach, we build a prototype tool and apply our approach in several typical scenarios for ADS.
This study presents the numerical analysis of the joining of the rim and disc parts of a heavy vehicle wheel using the submerged arc welding method. A wheel model was created in real dimensions and in 3D. The welding ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350373981;9798350373974
This study presents the numerical analysis of the joining of the rim and disc parts of a heavy vehicle wheel using the submerged arc welding method. A wheel model was created in real dimensions and in 3D. The welding process was modeled with heat input to the parts determined according to the welding feed rate. It was observed that the residual stresses and the deformation in the weld zone both increased significantly with the increase of the heat input. These residual stresses combine with the influence of external loads under operating conditions. They do adversely affect the fatigue strength of the construction. It was therefore concluded that heat input should be controlled during the manufacturing process.
Knowledge concerning the integration process throughout a system life cycle is critical for introducing new technologies. Advances in digital technologies and high-fidelity digital models may lessen investments in phy...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665439947
Knowledge concerning the integration process throughout a system life cycle is critical for introducing new technologies. Advances in digital technologies and high-fidelity digital models may lessen investments in physical models to fulfill programmatic requirements when verifying space systems. Digital engineering, model-based systems engineering, and digital twins literature link to this topic. The Integration Readiness Levels (IRL) scale is an emerging good practice that complements the Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) scale in supporting the integration of technologies into a system. IRL has been evolving over the past fifteen years. However, IRL still provides few specific directions on the use of modeling and simulation to achieve its levels. The research objective is to propose a method that suggests whether and under what conditions modeling and simulation could comply with Integration Readiness Levels for space systems. Results show the proposed theory and how it was developed through the design science research method. The proposed method addressed model-based capabilities, system lifecycle processes, and information items in a set of suggested criteria for each IRL and additional considerations. This paper could support practitioners in making decisions about using modeling and simulation to meet Integration Readiness Levels and could support organizations in planning their model-based capabilities.
In this paper, the Hardware modeling and behavioralsimulation of Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) in vehicles using Xilinx Vivado 2020.2. SRS is a passive safety feature of a vehicle. Passive Safety feature gets a...
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This paper explores the implications of nonlinear anisotropic behavior models on the simulation of magnetic losses in a toroidal core made of a conventional Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (GOES) within a finite eleme...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350362213;9798350362220
This paper explores the implications of nonlinear anisotropic behavior models on the simulation of magnetic losses in a toroidal core made of a conventional Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (GOES) within a finite element method (FEM) simulation environment. GO laminations are commonly used to improve the efficiency of electrical machines, but their complex behavior requires accurate modeling. Nonlinear resolutions for different anisotropy models were implemented and compared with a measurement-based model. Then, an anisotropic iron loss model from Appino et al. has been applied to evaluate the iron losses. This method provides a decisive way to qualitatively assess various models directly, relying on measurable quantities of interest.
This paper presents a comprehensive modeling framework designed to evaluate and compare the performance of high-voltage vertical Gallium Nitride (GaN) PN diodes and merged PN-Schottky (MPS) diodes. The process begins ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350316643
This paper presents a comprehensive modeling framework designed to evaluate and compare the performance of high-voltage vertical Gallium Nitride (GaN) PN diodes and merged PN-Schottky (MPS) diodes. The process begins with the fabrication and packaging of the PN diode, followed by the development of its physics-based Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) model. Leveraging the established PN diode model, an analogous model for the MPS diode is developed, and their performances are critically analyzed through mixed-mode simulations. In addition, behavioral models of the two devices are implemented in SaberRD to evaluate their performance in a Buck converter. The results reveal lower reverse recovery and conduction losses for the MPS diode. The framework presented in this paper can aide in the design of future high performing GaN devices.
The use of simulation in robotics is increasingly widespread for the purpose of testing, synthetic data generation and skill learning. A relevant aspect of simulation for a variety of robot applications is physics-bas...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350384581;9798350384574
The use of simulation in robotics is increasingly widespread for the purpose of testing, synthetic data generation and skill learning. A relevant aspect of simulation for a variety of robot applications is physics-based simulation of robot-object interactions. This involves the challenge of accurately modeling and implementing different mechanical systems such as rigid and deformable bodies as well as their interactions via constraints, contact or friction. Most state-of-the-art physics engines commonly used in robotics either cannot couple deformable and rigid bodies in the same framework, lack important systems such as cloth or shells, have stability issues in complex friction-dominated setups or cannot robustly prevent penetrations. In this paper, we propose a framework for strongly coupled simulation of rigid and deformable bodies with focus on usability, stability, robustness and easy access to state-of-the-art deformation and frictional contact models. Our system uses the Finite Element Method (FEM) to model deformable solids, the Incremental Potential Contact (IPC) approach for frictional contact and a robust second order optimizer to ensure stable and penetration-free solutions to tight tolerances. It is a general purpose framework, not tied to a particular use case such as grasping or learning, it is written in C++ and comes with a Python interface. We demonstrate our system's ability to reproduce complex real-world experiments where a mobile vacuum robot interacts with a towel on different floor types and towel geometries. Our system is able to reproduce 100% of the qualitative outcomes observed in the laboratory environment. The simulation pipeline, named Stark (the German word for strong, as in strong coupling) is made open-source.
Articulated objects like cabinets and doors are widespread in daily life. However, directly manipulating 3D articulated objects is challenging because they have diverse geometrical shapes, semantic categories, and kin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350384581;9798350384574
Articulated objects like cabinets and doors are widespread in daily life. However, directly manipulating 3D articulated objects is challenging because they have diverse geometrical shapes, semantic categories, and kinetic constraints. Prior works mostly focused on recognizing and manipulating articulated objects with specific joint types. They can either estimate the joint parameters or distinguish suitable grasp poses to facilitate trajectory planning. Although these approaches have succeeded in certain types of articulated objects, they lack generalizability to unseen objects, which significantly impedes their application in broader scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel framework of Generalizable Articulation modeling and Manipulating for Articulated Objects (GAMMA), which learns both articulation modeling and grasp pose affordance from diverse articulated objects with different categories. In addition, GAMMA adopts adaptive manipulation to iteratively reduce the modeling errors and enhance manipulation performance. We train GAMMA with the PartNet-Mobility dataset and evaluate with comprehensive experiments in SAPIEN simulation and real-world Franka robot. Results show that GAMMA significantly out-performs SOTA articulation modeling and manipulation algorithms in unseen and cross-category articulated objects. Images, videos and codes are published on the project website at: ***/view/gamma-articulation.
behavioralmodeling and characterization of radio frequency (RF) impairments play a crucial role in comprehending and assessing the performance and limitations of a software defined radio (SDR). Additionally, behavior...
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To expedite the development process of interactive reinforcement learning (IntRL) algorithms, prior work often uses perfect oracles as simulated human teachers to furnish feedback signals. These oracles typically deri...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798400703225
ISBN:
(纸本)9798400703225
To expedite the development process of interactive reinforcement learning (IntRL) algorithms, prior work often uses perfect oracles as simulated human teachers to furnish feedback signals. These oracles typically derive from ground-truth knowledge or optimal policies, providing dense and error-free feedback to a robot learner without delay. However, this machine-like feedback behavior fails to accurately represent the diverse patterns observed in human feedback, which may lead to unstable or unexpected algorithm performance in real-world human-robot interaction. To alleviate this limitation of oracles in oversimplifying user behavior, we propose a method for modeling variation in human feedback that can be applied to a standard oracle. We present a model with 5 dimensions of feedback variation identifed in prior work. This model enables the modifcation of feedback outputs from perfect oracles to introduce more human-like features. We demonstrate how each model attribute can impact on the learning performance of an IntRL algorithm through a simulation experiment. We also conduct a proof-of-concept study to illustrate how our model can be populated from people in two ways. The modeling results intuitively present the feedback variation among participants and help to explain the mismatch between oracles and human teachers. Overall, our method is a promising step towards refning simulated oracles by incorporating insights from real users.
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