We revisit the classic object tracking problem with a novel and effective, yet straightforward distributed solution for resource-lean devices. The difficulty of object tracking lies in the mismatch between the limited...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479946181
We revisit the classic object tracking problem with a novel and effective, yet straightforward distributed solution for resource-lean devices. The difficulty of object tracking lies in the mismatch between the limited computational capacity of typical sensor nodes and the processing requirements of typical tracking algorithms. In this paper, we introduce an in-network system for tracking mobile objects using resource-lean sensors. The system is based on a distributed, dynamically-scoped tracking algorithm which alters the event detection region and reporting rate based on object speed. A leader node records the detected samples across the event region and estimates the object's location in situ. We study the performance of our tracking implementation on an 80-node testbed. The results show that it achieves high performance, even for very fast objects, and is readily implemented on resource-lean sensors. While the area is well-studied, the unique combination of algorithmic features represents a significant addition to the literature.
This paper presents a distributed serial data aggregation approach, called Spreading Aggregation (SA), in which one packet hops sequentially over nodes and aggregates their data. The next hop of the aggregation packet...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538639917
This paper presents a distributed serial data aggregation approach, called Spreading Aggregation (SA), in which one packet hops sequentially over nodes and aggregates their data. The next hop of the aggregation packet is determined locally by each traversed node using only its one-hop neighborhood information, so no network topology information needs to be known by nodes, nor collisions are generated as only one node is communicating at any given time. This localized and distributed characteristic makes the proposed approach highly scalable and very efficient in terms of communication-reduction, energy conservation, and aggregation time, as confirmed by the numerous simulation results we obtained. These results confirm also the superiority of the proposed approach over the state-ofthe-art serial approaches, particularly in very large scale network deployments.
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are currently employed in a vast number of different applications ranging from home automation and health care to military systems. Although their application may vary greatly, WSNs sha...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479946181
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are currently employed in a vast number of different applications ranging from home automation and health care to military systems. Although their application may vary greatly, WSNs share a common set of characteristics such as a limited energy supply and simple hardware. A common issue related with the application of WSNs is sensor localization, for some types of applications it is important that the sensors know the relative or absolute position of other sensors in the network, such as surveillance of monitoring networks. If sensors are randomly placed they may resort a wide range of methods such as Global Navigation Satellite systems (GNSS) or received signal strength indicators (RSSI). In this work we present an alternative to relative sensor localization by employed a crossed dipole antenna in the reception and a known polarization in the transmission. The accuracy of the proposed methods is measured trough numerical simulations and results are presented.
Several solutions have recently been proposed to securely estimate sensor positions even when there is malicious location information which distorts the estimate. Some of those solutions are based on the Minimum Mean ...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781467372145
Several solutions have recently been proposed to securely estimate sensor positions even when there is malicious location information which distorts the estimate. Some of those solutions are based on the Minimum Mean Square Estimation (MMSE) methods which efficiently estimate sensor positions. Although such solutions can filter out most of malicious information, if an attacker knows the position of a target sensor, the attacker can significantly alter the position information. In this paper, we introduce such a new attack, called Inside-Attack, and a technique that is able to detect and filter out malicious location information.
Numerous sensors are involved in sensing almost everything around us in a cyber-physical system. They generate heterogeneous data which are diverse in format and protocol. Prevailing standards formally define sensor d...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479946181
Numerous sensors are involved in sensing almost everything around us in a cyber-physical system. They generate heterogeneous data which are diverse in format and protocol. Prevailing standards formally define sensor data encodings and provide syntactic interoperability but failed to provide semantic capability required for searching, reasoning, querying on sensors and their observations. The paper extends ieee SUMO and Ontosensor to create an ontological structure that captures various sensor concepts and their relationships. It logically classifies sensor information into four major sensor knowledge representation (1) hierarchy (2) data (3) function and (4) data exchange. The proposed sensor ontology has been extended for energy meter as an energy sensor. The represented semantic can be captured through Protege 4.3.0 and subsequently by OWL-XML. Reasoning on the sensor data can be carried out using SWRL.
In recent years, the use of energy harvesting (EH) sensors has led to the proposal of activity sensing systems that are easy to install and do not require maintenance such as battery replacement. In this study, we aim...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665439299
In recent years, the use of energy harvesting (EH) sensors has led to the proposal of activity sensing systems that are easy to install and do not require maintenance such as battery replacement. In this study, we aim to construct a system that can not only sense but also recognize activities of daily living (ADLs) using only power generated by EH sensors. To achieve this goal, in this paper, we propose a fully EH-based ADL recognition system called Batterfly, which consists of EH analog PIR sensor nodes that can operate with indoor light, continuously senses human movement, and recognizes daily activities through machine learning. We applied the distributed execution method of the activity recognition model with five sensor nodes to five types of activities by five participants, and found that the system could recognize them with an average accuracy of 63.59%, comparable to the performance of the centralized model running on a gateway.
We present MaWi - a smart phone based scalable indoor localization system. Central to MaWi is a novel framework combining two self-contained but complementary localization techniques: Wi-Fi and Ambient Magnetic Field....
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479946181
We present MaWi - a smart phone based scalable indoor localization system. Central to MaWi is a novel framework combining two self-contained but complementary localization techniques: Wi-Fi and Ambient Magnetic Field. Combining the two techniques, MaWi not only achieves a high localization accuracy, but also effectively reduces human labor in building fingerprint databases: to avoid war-driving, MaWi is designed to work with low quality fingerprint databases that can be efficiently built by only one person. Our experiments demonstrate that MaWi, with a fingerprint database as scarce as one data sample at each spot, outperforms the state-of-the-art proposals working on a richer fingerprint database.
This paper demonstrates a technique to write in air using Micaz motes. The application, named MicaPen is low-cost and can be used by the disabled who does not have fingers or limbs. Patients can wear the mote as a wri...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728143514
This paper demonstrates a technique to write in air using Micaz motes. The application, named MicaPen is low-cost and can be used by the disabled who does not have fingers or limbs. Patients can wear the mote as a wrist watch or bracelet and move their hands based on what character they want to write. The mote detects the movement pattern using the accelerometer of MTS310 sensorboard and displays the characters on the screen. The application can also be extended in several applications including virtual touchscreen or remotely interact with different controlled devices.
In this paper, we study the integration between Compressed Sensing (CS) and clustering methods in Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) that significantly reduce power consumption for the networks. In theory, a base station...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479946181
In this paper, we study the integration between Compressed Sensing (CS) and clustering methods in Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) that significantly reduce power consumption for the networks. In theory, a base station (BS) needs to collect M measurements from the network with N sensors, then applies CS to obtain precisely all N sensor readings. In clustered networks, a cluster-head (CH) collects data from non-CH sensors in its cluster, adds all received and its own data and then sends the combined measurement to the BS. We further analyze the clustered network with the measurement matrix created by clustering methods, and formulate the total power consumption. Finally, we suggest the optimal number of clusters for the networks to consume the least power in practice.
In this paper, we study properties of distributed consensus in layered sensor networks of the multi-layer multi-group (MLMG) structure. We show that properly designed MLMG networks maintain decentralized communication...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479946181
In this paper, we study properties of distributed consensus in layered sensor networks of the multi-layer multi-group (MLMG) structure. We show that properly designed MLMG networks maintain decentralized communication, whereas show the advantage of centralized structures. In particular, they require less number of transmissions required to reach consensus. This feature is critical for efficient distributedcomputing in large-scale sensor network applications. For typical classes of MLMG networks, we mathematically characterize the reduced number of transmissions compared to equivalent egalitarian decentralized structures of the same consensus dynamics. This explicit characterization based on simple graphical characteristics of MLMG structures permits an efficient design of large-scale network structures to meet desired performance requirements. In addition, we characterize the asymptotic and transient properties of consensus in MLMG networks of limited channel rates, using the probabilistic quantization schemes.
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