The need for interconnection among multiple sensor nodes in Wireless sensor Networks (WSN) leads to a higher collision rate and correlated contention based on the incremental node participation in the network. Limited...
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ISBN:
(数字)9789811510847
ISBN:
(纸本)9789811510847;9789811510830
The need for interconnection among multiple sensor nodes in Wireless sensor Networks (WSN) leads to a higher collision rate and correlated contention based on the incremental node participation in the network. Limited power resources and variation in the topological structures are the major constraints for centralized timeslot assigning algorithm. Though the topology variation gets addressed by distributed timeslot management algorithm, they fail to reduce the energy depletion. Incorporation of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) for scheduling the slot is found to eliminate the collision by guaranteeing the energy conservation. Efficient distribution of TDMA slots to minimize the energy and topology factors has been addressed by several algorithms. In this paper, a technique for energy minimization is proposed for controlling the topology of the WSN. We propose a dynamic TDMA scheduling and integrate within TL-LEACH protocol. The proposed algorithm is compared with LEACH protocol (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) and TL-LEACH (two-level LEACH) for analyzing the performance and is found to perform better by minimizing the energy depletion and help in enhancing the lifetime of the network.
This paper proposes a smart contract based approach enabling Internet of Things devices to exchange data in a secure and automatic way. This leads to new digital business models as pay-per-use establishing the vision ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728163710
This paper proposes a smart contract based approach enabling Internet of Things devices to exchange data in a secure and automatic way. This leads to new digital business models as pay-per-use establishing the vision of the Economy of Things. By using a blockchain there is no need for a trusted third party to secure transactions. We propose a novel use of smart contracts for assurance of data integrity, encryption key provision and payment. Thereby, a three layer architecture consisting of physical layer, on-chain layer and off-chain layer is designed. Proof of concept is based on an Ethereum Blockchain using Bosch XDK devices.
In case of energy depletion at some nodes, a sensor network may become disconnected, and data from live nodes may not be sent to the sink. This problem can be solved by a UAV acting as a mobile data collector. However...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665408790
In case of energy depletion at some nodes, a sensor network may become disconnected, and data from live nodes may not be sent to the sink. This problem can be solved by a UAV acting as a mobile data collector. However, the traditional approach is to treat live sensor nodes as independent data sources. In this paper, we consider a cooperative approach where live sensors form sub-networks, instead of acting indepen-dently. sensors within a subnetwork can send data to each other. A UAV only needs to visit subnetworks, instead of individual sensor nodes, to collect data. We formulate the problem and propose an iterative optimization algorithm to find the shortest data collection trajectory. Given any trajectory, our algorithm iteratively merges nodes within the same subnetwork and adjusts hovering locations to minimize trajectory length. Simulations show that, compared with the traditional TSP formulation, our approach can significantly reduces the length of the trajectory.
After the World War 2 the US Navy was developed the first underwater communication device which is underwater phone which works with the help of acoustic link. Now a day's Underwater Wireless sensor Networks have ...
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Smartphones are considered as indispensable parts of humans in modern life, both in terms of mobile computing and communication and also as valuable components in the IoT era. They consist of a plethora of sensors whi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780738123462
Smartphones are considered as indispensable parts of humans in modern life, both in terms of mobile computing and communication and also as valuable components in the IoT era. They consist of a plethora of sensors which, when combined and counted in the scale of thousands or even millions, realize crowdsensing and provide solutions and novel applications in many aspects of human and social life. This paper introduces an innovative mobile application that has been deployed and successfully evaluated by users, that targets in measuring the street surface quality of cities, providing useful and up to now unavailable information both for people and also for municipalities all around the globe.
Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT) system frameworks need to account for flexibility of design and unobtrusive implementation. Previous recoil based gunshot detection frameworks would require constant modification,...
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Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT) system frameworks need to account for flexibility of design and unobtrusive implementation. Previous recoil based gunshot detection frameworks would require constant modification, or utilize bulky external sensors making their implementation into a true IoBT setting limited. By baselining the heterogeneous nature of firearm configurations, we examine differences in ammo and recoil characteristics utilizing the first application of Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) in an embedded recoil based gunshot detection framework. Statistical methods used for traditional Human Activity Recognition (HAR) frameworks would require constant refinement to account for differences in firearm systems across various platforms in an IoBT environment. Our proposed hybrid approach overcomes the limitations of both standalone DTW and statistical methods by combining features of both for the creation of an easily expandable gunshot detection framework. Our embedded sensor approach eliminates the obstruction caused by external sensor placement systems, providing a user friendly IoBT framework to expand upon in future research.
In recent years, the Smart Environment(SE) supported by the Internet of Things(IoT) shows great ability to acquire and apply knowledge about an environment. Typical tasks in such environments are intended to monitor a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665408790
In recent years, the Smart Environment(SE) supported by the Internet of Things(IoT) shows great ability to acquire and apply knowledge about an environment. Typical tasks in such environments are intended to monitor and predict the behavior patterns of residents. It would be helpful to these tasks if we can model the rich multi-model perceptional context and select the right combinations of sensory resources. In this study, we propose STGE, a novel sensor topology learning and graph embedding technique. STGE consists of two phases. “ST” applies data-driven adjacency learning methods to acquire sensor logical topology, which helps to determine the combination of sensors. “G E” learns representations of sensory resources based on the sensor topology, and leverages ideas of a novel graph embedding model called struct2vec. Through experiments with Smart Home(SH) data-sets, we demonstrate that STGE can achieve explainable and computable sensor's logical topology and their latent representation across different smart homes. The learned embedding is compatible with machine learning techniques, and can optimize the performance of downstream tasks such as human activity recognition.
Long range wide area networks (LoRaWAN) technology provides a simple solution to enable low-cost services for low power internet-of-things (IoT) networks in various applications. The current evaluation of LoRaWAN netw...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728105703
Long range wide area networks (LoRaWAN) technology provides a simple solution to enable low-cost services for low power internet-of-things (IoT) networks in various applications. The current evaluation of LoRaWAN networks relies on simulations or early testing, which are typically time-consuming and prevent effective exploration of the design space. This paper proposes an analytical model to calculate the delay and energy consumed for reliable Uplink (UL) data delivery in Class A LoRaWAN. The analytical model is evaluated using a real network test-bed as well as simulation experiments based on the ns-3 LoRaWAN module. The resulting comparison confirms that the model accurately estimates the delay and energy consumed in the considered environment. The value of the model is demonstrated via its application to evaluate the impact of the number of end-devices and the maximum number of data frame retransmissions on delay and energy consumed for the confirmed UL data delivery in LoRaWAN networks. The model can be used to optimize different transmission parameters in future LoRaWAN networks.
Battery-free sensor network is a new network architecture in which battery-free nodes can harvest energy from the ambient environment and the network lifetime is unlimited in terms of energy. However, the unbalanced a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728125190
Battery-free sensor network is a new network architecture in which battery-free nodes can harvest energy from the ambient environment and the network lifetime is unlimited in terms of energy. However, the unbalanced ambient energy distribution results in a low data coverage quality of the battery-free sensor network. In this paper, we want to deploy artificial power stations in the monitored region, improve the energy distribution and achieve the energy-data dual coverage. We have investigated two energy-data dual coverage problems in this paper to meet different user requirements. We have proved that these two problems are at least NP-Hard. Two approximated algorithms are proposed accordingly to solve these two problems. The ratio bound and time complexity of these two algorithms are analyzed. Furthermore, extensive simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of the algorithms. The experimental results show that the algorithms are effective and efficient.
This paper deals with the observer design of nonlinear tubular chemical reactor models. The analysis is performed on a linearized version of the model around a steady-state profile, in which some coefficients are a fu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728198095
This paper deals with the observer design of nonlinear tubular chemical reactor models. The analysis is performed on a linearized version of the model around a steady-state profile, in which some coefficients are a function of the spatial variable. The study starts from a general model of chemical tubular reactors that will serve as a benchmark model for the formulation in the infinite dimensional Hilbert state space. The optimal output injection operator associated to the proposed observer is computed via the solution of the infinite-dimensional Riccati equation in the space variable. The performance of the observer is illustrated through numerical experiments of an industrial pulp bleaching tubular reactor model.
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