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International symposium on parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Yoonju Lee Nelson Bhupesh Bansal Mary Hall Aiichiro Nakano Kristina Lerman USC Information Sciences Institute Marina del Rey CA USA University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

In this paper, we consider the interaction between application programmers and tools that automatically search a space of application-level parameters that are believed to impact the performance of an application significantly. We study performance tuning of a large scientific application, the visualization component of a molecular dynamics simulation. The key contribution of the approach is the use of high-level programmer-specified models of the expected performance behavior of individual parameters. We use these models to reduce the search space associated with the range of parameter values and achieve results that perform close to that of a more exhaustive search of the parameter space. With this case study, we show the importance of appropriate parameter selection, with the difference between best-case and worst-case performance with a particular input data set and processor configuration of up to a factor of 17. We show that through the use of models, we can drastically reduce search time, examining only 0.3% to 5% of the search space, and usually select an implementation that is close to the best performance, within 0.84% to 15%, even though the models are not completely accurate.

关键词： visualization Programming profession Computer architecture Predictive models Petascale computing graphics Field programmable gate arrays High performance computing Engines Application software

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GPU-based framework for interactive visualization of SAR data

GPU-based framework for interactive visualization of SAR dat...

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2007 ieee International Geoscience and Remote Sensing symposium, IGARSS 2007

作者： Lambers, Martin Kolb, Andreas Nies, Holger Kalkuhl, Marc Institute for Vision and Graphics University of Siegen University of Siegen Department of Simulation University of Siegen

ISBN: (纸本)1424412129

Synthetic Aperture Radar data presents specific problems for interactive visualization. The high amount of multiplicative speckle noise has to be reduced. The high dynamic range of the amplitude data must be mapped to the lower dynamic range of display devices in a way that makes image features appropriately visible. In addition to interactive navigation in the data, it is desirable to allow interactive selection of despeckling and dynamic range reduction methods and adjustment of their parameters. graphics processing units (GFUs) can be seen as ubiquitous parallel coprocessors with extreme computational power. In this paper, we propose a GPU-based framework for interactive visualization of SAR data. Data management techniques are used to make full use of the GFU. We reworked well-known despeckling and dynamic range reduction techniques for the GPU programming model and implemented them in our framework. Both navigation in large data sets and adjustment of processing parameters are fully interactive. © 2007 ieee.

关键词： Remote sensing

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A parallelly decodeable compression scheme for efficient point-cloud rendering 4

A parallelly decodeable compression scheme for efficient poi...

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Point-Based graphics 2007, PBG 2007

作者： Schnabel, Ruwen Möser, Sebastian Klein, Reinhard Computer Graphics Group University of Bonn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783905673517

We present a point-cloud compression algorithm that allows fast parallel decompression on the GPU for interactive applications. We achieve bitrates of less than four bits per normal-equipped point. Our method enables holefree level-of-detail point rendering. We also show that using only up to two bits per point, high-quality renderings can still be obtained if normals are estimated in image-space. The algorithm is based on vector quantization of an atlas of height-fields that have been sampled over primitive shapes which approximate the geometry. © The Eurographics Association 2007.

关键词： Computer graphics

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RT'06: ieee symposium on Interactive Ray Tracing 2006

RT'06: IEEE Symposium on Interactive Ray Tracing 2006

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RT'06: ieee symposium on Interactive Ray Tracing 2006

ISBN: (纸本)1424406935

The proceedings contain 24 papers. The topics discussed include: estimating performance of a ray-tracing ASIC design;ray tracing on the CELL processor;improving ray tracing precision by object space intersection computation;optimizing ray-triangle intersection via automated search;an evaluation of parallel grid construction for ray tracing dynamic scenes;omnidirectional ray tracing traversal algorithm for kd-trees;on the fast construction of spatial hierarchies for ray tracing;fast kd-tree construction with an adaptive error-bound heuristic;GPU-assisted ray casting of large scenes;interactive isosurface ray tracing of large octree volumes;global importance sampling of glossy surfaces using the photon map;incremental raycasting of piecewise quadratic surfaces on the GPU;terrain guided multi-level instancing of highly complex plant populations;and applying ray tracing for virtual reality and industrial design.

关键词： Ray tracing

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ieee Transactions on visualization and Computer graphics: Editor's Note

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ieee Transactions on visualization and Computer graphics 2007年第3期13卷 417-417页

作者： Ertl, Thomas

No abstract available

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GPu-based framework for interactive visualization of SAR data

GPu-based framework for interactive visualization of SAR dat...

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ieee International symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： Martin Lambers Andreas Kolb Holger Nies Marc Kalkuhl Institute for Vision and Graphics University of Siegen Germany Center for Sensorsystems University of Siegen Germany Department of Simulation University of Siegen Germany

Synthetic aperture radar data presents specific problems for interactive visualization. The high amount of multiplicative speckle noise has to be reduced. The high dynamic range of the amplitude data must be mapped to the lower dynamic range of display devices in a way that makes image features appropriately visible. In addition to interactive navigation in the data, it is desirable to allow interactive selection of despeckling and dynamic range reduction methods and adjustment of their parameters. graphics processing units (GPUs) can be seen as ubiquitous parallel coprocessors with extreme computational power. In this paper, we propose a GPU-based framework for interactive visualization of SAR data. Data management techniques are used to make full use of the GPU. We reworked well-known despeckling and dynamic range reduction techniques for the GPU programming model and implemented them in our framework. Both navigation in large data sets and adjustment of processing parameters are fully interactive.

关键词： Data visualization Dynamic range Navigation Speckle Noise reduction Displays graphics Coprocessors Concurrent computing Pervasive computing

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Single View Camera Calibration for Augmented Virtual Environments

Single View Camera Calibration for Augmented Virtual Environ...

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ieee Annual International symposium Virtual Reality

作者： Lu Wang Suya You Ulrich Neumann Computer Graphics and Immersive Technologies Laboratory University of Southern California USA

Augmented virtual environments (AVE) are very effective in the application of surveillance, in which multiple video streams are projected onto a 3D urban model for better visualization and comprehension of the dynamic scenes. One of the key issues in creating such systems is to estimate the parameters of each camera including the intrinsic parameters and its pose relative to the 3D model. Existing camera pose estimation approaches require known intrinsic parameters and at least three 2D to 3D feature (point or line) correspondences. This cannot always be satisfied in an AVE system. Moreover, due to noise, the estimated camera location may be far from the expectation of the users when the number of correspondences is small. Our approach combines the users' prior knowledge about the camera location and the constraints from the parallel relationship between lines with those from feature correspondences. With at least two feature correspondences, it can always output an estimation of the camera parameters that gives an accurate alignment between the projection of the image (or video) and the 3D model

关键词： Cameras Calibration Virtual environment Layout Surveillance Urban planning visualization Augmented reality Matrix decomposition Electronic mail

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Enabling automatic clutter reduction in parallel coordinate plots

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ieee TRANSACTIONS ON visualization AND COMPUTER graphics 2006年第5期12卷 717-723页

作者： Ellis, Geoffrey Dix, Alan Univ Lancaster Lancaster LA1 4YW England

We have previously shown that random sampling is an effective clutter reduction technique and that a sampling lens can facilitate focus+context viewing of particular regions. This demands an efficient method of estimating the overlap or occlusion of large numbers of intersecting lines in order to automatically adjust the sampling rate within the lens. This paper proposes several ways for measuring occlusion in parallel coordinate plots. An empirical study into the accuracy and efficiency of the occlusion measures show that a probabilistic approach combined with a 'binning' technique is very fast and yet approaches the accuracy of the more expensive 'true' complete measurement.

关键词： sampling random sampling lens clutter occlusion density reduction overplotting information visualisation parallel coordinates

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Distributed shared memory for roaming large volumes

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ieee TRANSACTIONS ON visualization AND COMPUTER graphics 2006年第5期12卷 1299-1306页

作者： Castanie, Laurent Mion, Christophe Cavin, Xavier Levy, Bruno INRIA Earth Desis Nancy France INRIA ALICE Grp Nancy France

We present a cluster-based volume rendering system for roaming very large volumes. This system allows to move a gigabyte-sized probe inside a total volume of several tens or hundreds of gigabytes in real-time. While the size of the probe is limited by the total amount of texture memory on the cluster, the size of the total data set has no theoretical limit. The cluster is used as a distributed graphics processing unit that both aggregates graphics power and graphics memory. A hardware-accelerated volume renderer runs in parallel on the cluster nodes and the final image compositing is implemented using a pipelined sort-last rendering algorithm. Meanwhile, volume bricking and volume paging allow efficient data caching. On each rendering node, a distributed hierarchical cache system implements a global software-based distributed shared memory on the cluster. In case of a cache miss, this system first checks page residency on the other cluster nodes instead of directly accessing local disks. Using two Gigabit Ethernet network interfaces per node, we accelerate data fetching by a factor of 4 compared to directly accessing local disks. The system also implements asynchronous disk access and texture loading, which makes it possible to overlap data loading, volume slicing and rendering for optimal volume roaming.

关键词： large volumes volume roaming out-of-core hierarchical caching distributed shared memory hardware-accelerated volume visualization graphics hardware parallel rendering graphics cluster

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Outlier-preserving focus plus context visualization in parallel coordinates

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ieee TRANSACTIONS ON visualization AND COMPUTER graphics 2006年第5期12卷 893-900页

作者： Novotny, Matej Hauser, Helwig Comenius Univ Bratislava Slovakia VRVis Res Ctr Vienna Austria

Focus+context visualization integrates a visually accentuated representation of selected data items in focus (more details, more opacity, etc.) with a visually deemphasized representation of the rest of the data, i.e., the context. The role of context visualization is to provide an overview of the data for improved user orientation and improved navigation. A good overview comprises the representation of both outliers and trends. Up to now, however, context visualization not really treated outliers sufficiently. In this paper we present a new approach to focus+context visualization in parallel coordinates which is truthful to outliers in the sense that small-scale features are detected before visualization and then treated specially during context visualization. Generally, we present a solution which enables context visualization at several levels of abstraction, both for the representation of outliers and trends. We introduce outlier detection and context generation to parallel coordinates on the basis of a binned data representation. This leads to an output-oriented visualization approach which means that only those parts of the visualization process are executed which actually affect the final rendering. Accordingly, the performance of this solution is much more dependent on the visualization size than on the data size which makes it especially interesting for large datasets. Previous approaches are outperformed, the new solution was successfully applied to datasets with up to 3 million data records and up to 50 dimensions.

关键词： parallel coordinates focus plus context visualization outliers & trends large data visualization

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