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Effects of crossterms on the performance of time-frequency music

Effects of crossterms on the performance of time-frequency m...

引用

1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Amin, MG Zhang, KM Villanova Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Villanova PA 19085 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

Spatial time-frequency distributions (STFDs) have been recently introduced as the natural means to deal with source signals that are localizable in the time-frequency domain. It has been shown that improved estimates of the signal and noise subspaces are achieved by constructing the subspaces from the time-frequency signatures of the signal arrivals rather than from the data covariance matrices, which are commonly used in conventional subspace estimation methods. This paper discusses the application of STFD to high-resolution direction finding. We focus on both the role and the effect of crossterms in angle estimation when multiple time-frequency points are incorporated. Simulation examples are presented to compare the performance of joint block-diagonalization and time-frequency averaging techniques for incorporating multiple autoterm and crossterm points in subspace estimation.

关键词： Energy resolution Frequency estimation Multiple signal classification Noise robustness Performance analysis sensor arrays signal processing Spatial resolution Time frequency analysis Vectors

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Nearfield spot-beamforming with distributed arrays

Nearfield spot-beamforming with distributed arrays

引用

1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Flaig, A Arce, GR Univ Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

The concept of spot-beamforming with distributed arrays (DAs) is introduced. DAs are array-source configurations whose array elements are spatially dispersed submerging the sources in the nearfield of the array, where they can be distinguished not only by their angular but also by their range signature. The resulting enhanced spatial discrimination capabilities reflected in a beampattern characterized by spot-like mainlobes lend DAs optimality properties. A gradient based algorithm for the joint optimization of the array geometry and the shading coefficients of a narrowband spot-beamformer in a stationary multiple source system is derived, and its convergence and performance are discussed. An important subclass of DAs, namely distributed linear arrays are introduced. This class is of practical significance and has the important property of being ambiguity-free in the limit for high SNR. For DAs with an arbitrary geometry, which can suffer from spatial aliasing, a set description of the ambiguities is given.

关键词： near-field spot-beamforming distributed arrays optimal array geometries gain resolution ambiguity

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The global matched filter: Application to DOA estimation with an uniform circular array

The global matched filter: Application to DOA estimation wit...

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1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Fuchs, JJ Univ Rennes 1 IRISA F-35042 Rennes France

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

The problem of estimating the direction of arrivals (DOA's) of narrow-band sources impinging on a uniform circular array is considered. We present a method that uses as input the values of a small number of uniformly spaced beams and apply a model-fitting approach taking into account the statistical properties of the beams. The approach called the "global matched filter" fits simultaneously to the observations all the elements from a given dictionary needed to explain them. It chooses among all the so-obtained representations satisfying a given physically appealing constraint the one with minimal energy. This representation is in general quite sparse. The method drastically improves upon the conventional beamformer and has performance comparable to the best high resolution techniques. It further applies when the number of sources exceeds the number of sensors, a situation that cannot be handled by standard high resolution techniques.

关键词： Apertures Dictionaries Direction of arrival estimation Energy resolution Matched filters Mobile communication Narrowband Radar applications sensor arrays Sonar applications

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array processing estimation of non-linearly superimposed acoustic waves

Array processing estimation of non-linearly superimposed aco...

引用

1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Piñero, G Vergara, L Univ Politecn Valencia Dept Comunicac Valencia 46022 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

Acoustic pressure waves are non-linearly superimposed when a periodic gas flow is perturbing the propagating medium as' it arises in car exhaust systems. la such an environment, the application of standard beamforming techniques to the estimation of the forward and backward waves needs a previous reformulation to establish a linear superposition model, In this paper a new linearization method for the superposition of waves is proposed and compared to the classical assumption of linear pressure superposition, Moreover, a new problem formulation including the noise corruption of source waves is presented, In both new and classical linear contexts, three different beamformers - Delay-and-Sum (DS), Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance (LCMV) and Minimum mum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) - have been applied to numerical data generated by a thermodynamics modeling software. Results have shown that the new linearization method improves the backward wave estimation error in almost 3 dB for typical experiment conditions (few sensors and moderate signal-to-noise ratio).

关键词： Acoustic propagation Acoustic waves array signal processing Context modeling Estimation error Exhaust systems Fluid flow Nonlinear acoustics signal to noise ratio Thermodynamics

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A clustering approach to multi-source localization in reverberant rooms

A clustering approach to multi-source localization in reverb...

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1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Di Claudio, ED Parisi, R Orlandi, G Univ Roma La Sapienza INFOCOM Dpt I-00184 Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

Localization of acoustic sources in the presence of reverberation is still a challenging task in audio signal processing. As a matter of fact, commonly adopted models are not adequate to describe real scenarios. Moreover, practical systems should not employ sophisticated and expensive architectures, that require precise synchronization and fast data shuffling among sensors. This work describes a new robust multi-step procedure for speaker localization in reverberant rooms. The proposed approach is based on a disturbed harmonics model of time delays in the frequency domain and employs the well-known ROOT-MUSIC algorithm, after a proper pre-processing of the received signals. Final clustering of raw TDOA estimates gives candidate source positions. Among the appealing features of the proposed approach are the capability of tracking multiple speakers simultaneously and the high accuracy of the closed form TDOA estimator.

关键词： Acoustic sensors Acoustic signal processing Clustering algorithms Delay effects Frequency domain analysis Frequency synchronization Reverberation Robustness sensor systems signal processing algorithms

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Subband STAP in wideband radar systems

Subband STAP in wideband radar systems

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1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Hoffman, A Kogon, SM MIT Lincoln Lab Lexington MA 02420 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

The detection of moving targets, both airborne and groundbased is enabled by ground clutter mitigation using space-time adaptive processing (STAP). As technological advances make it possible to perform wide bandwidth processing and future systems require high resolution for target identification, the need has arisen for the effective implementation of wideband STAP In order to prevent the deleterious effects of dispersion for wideband systems, STAP is performed in subbands, which is also computationally more efficient than full bandwidth STAP. The separate, independent adaptive processing in the individual subbands, however, introduces complications that must be addressed in order to maintain desired performance. These issues are unique to subband STAP namely, target Doppler dispersion across subbands and range sidelobe levels following subband recombination. In each case, we identify, the cause of the problem and propose an effective solution. Throughout this paper, we focus on practical solutions that are tractable and do not require an inordinate amount of computation.

关键词： Bandwidth Clutter Dispersion Doppler radar Frequency Radar detection Radar signal processing sensor arrays signal processing Wideband

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Turning point filters

Turning point filters

引用

1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Dzieciuch, M Worcester, P Munk, W Univ Calif San Diego Scripps Inst Oceanog La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

Modal group delays in ocean acoustics are a potential observable, but their interpretation is ambiguous for signals with sufficient bandwidth for the inherent modal frequency dispersion to be significant. An inability to use the late-arriving energy in an inverse solution for ocean properties motivates this paper. We describe an alternate approach based on the WKBJ approximation for extracting observables from the final crescendo. We have called this approach a turning point filter. The turning point filter offers a unified approach to underwater acoustics, joining what are often two disparate schools of thought, rays and modes. The turning-point filter is an intermediate step between linear beamforming and a full matched field processor. Linear beamforming requires knowledge of the sound speed at the center of the receiving array to extract ray travel-times. Matched field processing attempts to match a measured arrival pattern with a hypothesized arrival pattern, by adjusting the entire sound-speed field between the source and receiver. Turning-point filtering only requires the sound-speed profile across the aperture of the receiving array to extract robust observable peaks. © 2000 ieee.

关键词： array signal processing Bandwidth Delay Educational institutions Filters Frequency Oceans Pattern matching Turning Underwater acoustics

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Cramer-Rao bounds for estimating range, velocity, and direction with a sensor array

Cramer-Rao bounds for estimating range, velocity, and direct...

引用

1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Dogandzic, A Nehorai, A Univ Illinois EECS Dept MC154 Chicago IL 60607 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

We derive Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) expressions for the range (time delay), velocity (Doppler shift), and direction of a point target using an active radar or sonar array. The CRB expressions are derived for an arbitrary signal waveform and a noise model that allows both spatial and temporal correlation. We discuss the relationship between the CRB and ambiguity function for this model. Then, we simplify the CRB for the cases of temporally or spatially uncorrelated noise. We compute the CRB for a 3-dimensional array with isotropic sensors in spatially uncorrelated noise and show that it is a function of the array geometry only through the "moments of inertia" of the array. The volume of the confidence region for the target's location is proposed as a measure of accuracy. For this measure, we show that the highest (and lowest) target location accuracy is achieved if the target lies along one of the principal axes of inertia of the array.

关键词： Antenna arrays Baseband Delay effects Delay estimation Doppler radar Doppler shift Radar antennas sensor arrays Sonar Volume measurement

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A parametric spatio-temporal channel estimation technique for FDD UMTS uplink

A parametric spatio-temporal channel estimation technique fo...

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1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Chenu-Tournier, M Chevalier, P Barbot, JP Thomson CSF Commun BSR TBRTSI F-92231 Gennevilliers France

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

Many multi-user receivers have been developed these last years to mitigate the effects of both multi-paths and interferences in CDMA radiocommunication networks. However;despite of these works, very few papers have been devoted to the implementation of these receivers and, more precisely to the channel estimation problem in both multi-user and FDD UMTS context. Assuming specular propagation channels and a multi-sensor receiver the purpose of this paper is to present a parametric technique for the joint estimation of the delays and angles of arrival of the propagation channels between each user and the array of sensor for the FDD UMTS uplink. The quality of the latter are then evaluated through mean square error (MSE) computations and bit error rates (BER) after demodulation at the output of two receivers (2D-RAKE and Decorrelator receiver) adapted to the FDD UMTS uplink.

关键词： 3G mobile communication Bit error rate Channel estimation Delay estimation Demodulation Interference Mean square error methods Multiaccess communication Propagation delay sensor arrays

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Space-time polarization signaling for wireless communications

Space-time polarization signaling for wireless communication...

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1st ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM 2000)

作者： Onggosanusi, EN Van Veen, BD Sayeed, AM Univ Wisconsin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780363396

A polarization-based spread-spectrum spatio-temporal signaling scheme is proposed in this paper for transmitters consisting of an array of vector radiators. Each vector radiator consists of two closely spaced perpendicular antennas and each antenna is assigned a unique signature sequence. At the receiver, all three electric field components of the scattered signal are measured using an array of vector sensors. Each vector sensor consists of three closely spaced perpendicular antennas. The proposed polarization signaling scheme is cast in the framework of a general multiple antenna system. The distinguishing feature of polarization signaling lies within the resulting channel statistics. In particular, polarization signaling can be exploited to achieve diversity gain using less physical space than conventional antenna array approaches. We identify the key parameters controlling system performance and evaluate the relative advantages of polarization signaling under constraints of aperture size and number of antenna elements for given spatial scattering statistics.

关键词： Antenna measurements Diversity methods Electric variables measurement Polarization Scattering sensor arrays Spread spectrum communication Statistics Transmitters Wireless communication

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