We propose a method of indoor localization using arraysensors. This method uses not only the signal strengths of received signals, but also the spatial information of impinging signals on arraysensors. The signal su...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
We propose a method of indoor localization using arraysensors. This method uses not only the signal strengths of received signals, but also the spatial information of impinging signals on arraysensors. The signal subspaces, which include information about the strengths and angles of arrival of impinging signals on the arraysensors, are used to identify the location of the terminal. We use the cosines of the principal angles between the signal subspaces of the spatial covariance matrices of the signals received at an array antenna to measure the similarity between signals transmitted from two locations. We conducted an experiment indoors to confirm the validity and effectiveness of our method. The experimental results confirm its effectiveness.
Source location accuracy can be dramatically degraded by the inaccuracy in the sensor positions. The sensor position errors need to be taken into account in order to improve the source location estimate. This paper pr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
Source location accuracy can be dramatically degraded by the inaccuracy in the sensor positions. The sensor position errors need to be taken into account in order to improve the source location estimate. This paper presents an algorithm based on the Taylor-series technique to estimate the location of an emitting source in the presence of random sensor position errors, where the data measurements are angle-of-arrivals (AoAs). The proposed algorithm jointly estimates the source and sensor positions iteratively by using Taylor-series linearization. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method approaches the CRLB accuracy for both near-field and far-field sources.
Computed Spectroscopy (TM) (CS) is a new approach to hyperspectral imaging recently introduced by the authors [1]*. The CS technique uses an adjustable optical array, which can be considered to be a form of delay-and-...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
Computed Spectroscopy (TM) (CS) is a new approach to hyperspectral imaging recently introduced by the authors [1]*. The CS technique uses an adjustable optical array, which can be considered to be a form of delay-and-sum passive beamformer. Adopting this point of view, such an array can be analyzed using the (difference) coarray [2], and a previous publication by the present authors [1] features a brief coarTay-based analysis. In the present paper we review the Computed Spectroscopy method, give a coarray-based analysis of the approach, show how numerical problems arise in the reconstruction of wavenumber spectra at low spatial frequencies and give a method for addressing these problems in the computation. Additionally, we discuss an improved approach to discretization of the image formation model.
In this paper we propose an algorithm for angle and polarization estimation of non-coherent sources using real-world polarimetric antenna arrays. In order to construct an accurate model of an antenna array, we exploit...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
In this paper we propose an algorithm for angle and polarization estimation of non-coherent sources using real-world polarimetric antenna arrays. In order to construct an accurate model of an antenna array, we exploit its Effective Aperture Distribution Function (EADF). This model contains information on the array response for a vertical and horizontal excitation, the directional characteristic of each element, and array imperfections. Here, we propose a method stemming from the RARE (RAnk-Reduction Estimator) algorithm. It performs fast (search-free) DoAs and polarization coefficients estimation. Throughout simulation results, we verify that the algorithm has close to optimal statistical performance with polarimetric real-world arrays. We present the statistical performance for three different array configurations.
Local processing on the nodes of a distributed sensing and processing system has the benefits of reducing the data volume transferred from the nodes to the fusion center, reducing both transmission power requirements ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
Local processing on the nodes of a distributed sensing and processing system has the benefits of reducing the data volume transferred from the nodes to the fusion center, reducing both transmission power requirements and the computational burden on the fusion center. The individual nodes obtain measurements from the environment and transmit a quantized detection statistic to the fusion center. Quantization threshold levels need to be found for each sensor that maximize the performance of the system. We propose a global optimization method, the particle filtering optimization method, that uses particle filtering to propagate the values of the thresholds of a distributed detection system to sensor threshold values that are optimal with respect to some measure of system performance. We demonstrate, through simulations, the effectiveness of the particle filtering optimization method in finding the threshold of each of the sensors used in detection scenario.
On small platforms, angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation of an E-M signal can be accomplished with colocated antennas measuring multiple components of the propagating wave. An electrically small Vector sensor (VS) Antenn...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
On small platforms, angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation of an E-M signal can be accomplished with colocated antennas measuring multiple components of the propagating wave. An electrically small Vector sensor (VS) Antenna constructed above and below the wing of a small UAV measures three components of the propagating wave. Determining the AOA involves fitting known "calibration" AOAs and corresponding antenna response to a modeled response. The least-squares calibration approach described here determines the azimuth and elevation AOAs for sources located at typical elevation angles to within a few degrees, agreeing with the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB). These results justify the use of small VS antennas to do direction finding (DF) in high SNR environments.
The resolving ambiguity of phase interferometer is necessary when the baseline separation between elements exceeds half wavelength since the phase difference between elements can only be measured modulo 2 pi. It is di...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
The resolving ambiguity of phase interferometer is necessary when the baseline separation between elements exceeds half wavelength since the phase difference between elements can only be measured modulo 2 pi. It is difficult to meet the condition the minimum distance between two antennas is less than half wavelength for avoiding ambiguity in wideband operation. In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient array design method which minimizes the probability of ambiguity. This method adapts NLA (nonuniform linear array) geometry. And there is no need to maintain the distance between antennas less than half wavelength. We also show some numerical examples and experimental results of the 2-D array prototype for airborne application.
Voice based computing applications, such as phone communication and speech recognition, use microphone arrays to capture voice from a human speaker. In many environments of interest, however, sounds from other sources...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
Voice based computing applications, such as phone communication and speech recognition, use microphone arrays to capture voice from a human speaker. In many environments of interest, however, sounds from other sources interfere with the speaker's voice, posing severe problems for subsequent processing. This paper describes a new framework for treating this problem, and presents and demonstrates a new algorithm for the cancellation of interfering sounds. Our framework combines techniques from statistical machine learning with ideas from speech and audio processing. An important feature involves training rich probabilistic models on data from different types of relevant sound sources. nose source models are then incorporated into a larger probabilistic model of the observed microphone data. Using that model we derive our algorithm, which is of the expectation-maximization type and infers from data the clean sound of separate individual sources. We report very good results on data recorded in different environments.
In this paper the working principle of the human eye is studied since uses very simple detectors, cones and rods, to provide an impressive high angular resolution without using any kind of scanning technique. Usually ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
In this paper the working principle of the human eye is studied since uses very simple detectors, cones and rods, to provide an impressive high angular resolution without using any kind of scanning technique. Usually the resolution capability of the human eyes has been attributed to the complexity of the brain, but it is quite difficult to understand that something, specially small details, that it has not been seen by the eyes could be generated by the brain. Finally, it will be proved that with the actual technology and design philosophy of array antenna systems, the maximum achievable angular resolution of a realistic antenna array system is seriously limited and it is equivalent to the one that it could have an insect with compound eyes. It is clear the human eye is able to overcome this limit, and the idea is to learn how to introduce this to the design procedure of antenna array systems.
Mobile satellite terminals especially with high-gain antenna require fast and accurate beam tracking algorithms for communication. The main topic of this paper is the extension of a tracking algorithm to mobile satell...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
Mobile satellite terminals especially with high-gain antenna require fast and accurate beam tracking algorithms for communication. The main topic of this paper is the extension of a tracking algorithm to mobile satellite communications, its implementation and performance. The presented considerations and simulation results concern low SNR condition and narrow antenna beam configuration as existing in satellite communications. The assumed satellite is geostationary. The work is presented in context of SANTANA-2 project, (Smart Antenna Terminal), founded and supported by the German DLR on behalf of BMBF. The realized terminal uses an antenna array in Ka-band and fully implements Digital BeamForming (DBF) to control the beam pointing direction and the antenna beam shape.
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