We discuss dispersive wave propagation and show that the Wigner distribution is a powerful approach because it simplifies the issues immensely. We show that the spatial time-frequency arrayprocessing formulation of A...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780385454
We discuss dispersive wave propagation and show that the Wigner distribution is a powerful approach because it simplifies the issues immensely. We show that the spatial time-frequency arrayprocessing formulation of Amin et al. can be viewed as a projection of a Wigner distribution in space, wavenumber, time and frequency. We also show that there is a very simple yet illuminating and accurate approximation between the Wigner distribution of a wave at two different spatial points. In particular, the Wigner distributions of the wave at two different locations are related by a frequencydependent time-shift that depends explicitly on the dispersion relation, in a very straight forward way.
In this paper, we discuss high-resolution target sensing through the exploitation of multi-frequency sparse arrayprocessing. By using simple design examples of a three-element sensorarray coupled with the sensing si...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728119465
In this paper, we discuss high-resolution target sensing through the exploitation of multi-frequency sparse arrayprocessing. By using simple design examples of a three-element sensorarray coupled with the sensing signals consisting of three well-designed frequencies, we provide insights to achieve a high number of consecutive lags, unique lags, and array aperture. Such multi-frequency sensorarrays with reduced number of sensors can be attractive in many applications to achieve effective sensing with a low cost.
Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using coprime array is discussed, and a fast method using a sensor-saving coprime array with enlarged inter-element spacing is proposed. Original coprime array combines the result...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538647523
Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using coprime array is discussed, and a fast method using a sensor-saving coprime array with enlarged inter-element spacing is proposed. Original coprime array combines the results obtained from two coprime subarrays to uniquely determine the DOA estimation, and it is shown in this paper that one subarray actually only requires half of its original sensor number and can achieve enlarged inter-element spacing based on the array compensation from the cross correlation matrix. Thereafter, a fast DOA estimation method, which extracts the noise subspace without eigenvalue decomposition, is proposed to obtain coprime DOA estimations based on one dimensional root finding technique. Final unique DOA is estimated from the coincide results of the coprime estimations. Simulation results verify that the proposed method can achieve almost the same estimation performance as conventional methods while requiring less sensors.
The phenomenon Of supergain for a circular array and its robust version are presented. The superdirective array gain for the Circular array, although it is not so extreme as an endfire line array, Outperforms a lot ov...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780385454
The phenomenon Of supergain for a circular array and its robust version are presented. The superdirective array gain for the Circular array, although it is not so extreme as an endfire line array, Outperforms a lot over that of a conventional beamformer in isotropic noise fields when the interelement spacings are less than one-half wavelength. However, optimum beamforming algorithms can be extremely sensitive to slight errors in array characteristics. The performance are known to degrade if some of underlying assumptions on the sensorarray violated. Therefore white noise gain constraint (WNC) is used to increase the robustness Of supergain beamforming against random errors. We show that the robust supergain beamforming can be reformulated in a form of second-order cone programming and resolved easily. Some Computer Simulations are also given to illustrate the presented approach.
The estimation of directions of arrival is formulated as the decomposition of a 3-way array into a sum of rank-one terms. However, a low-rank tensor approximation does not always exist. We propose an optimization tech...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479914814
The estimation of directions of arrival is formulated as the decomposition of a 3-way array into a sum of rank-one terms. However, a low-rank tensor approximation does not always exist. We propose an optimization technique based on differentiable angular constraints on the factors, ensuring the existence of the low-rank tensor decomposition. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated via numerical simulations, and compared to Cramer-Rao bounds.
In this paper, we develop and evaluate distributed implementations of source localization estimators from energy-based measurements obtained via an ad-hoc network of acoustic sensors. The distributed locally construct...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780385454
In this paper, we develop and evaluate distributed implementations of source localization estimators from energy-based measurements obtained via an ad-hoc network of acoustic sensors. The distributed locally constructed algorithms that we present produce at each node a sequence of esLimates approximating a desired source localization algorithm. As our investigation reveals, the localization performance of these distributed algorithms depends on the type of desired localization algorithm, the network topology and the number of communication and fusion steps employed in these approximations.
Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation from array observations in a noisy environment is discussed. The source amplitudes are assumed to be correlated zero-mean complex Gaussian distributed with unknown covariance matr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538647523
Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation from array observations in a noisy environment is discussed. The source amplitudes are assumed to be correlated zero-mean complex Gaussian distributed with unknown covariance matrix. The DOAs and covariance parameters of plane waves are estimated from multi-snapshot sensorarray data using sparse Bayesian learning (SBL). The performance of SBL is evaluated in terms of the fidelity of the reconstructed coherency matrix of the estimated plane waves.
Sparse sensorarrays can achieve significantly more degrees of freedom than the number of elements by leveraging the co-array, a virtual structure that arises from the far field narrowband signal model. Although sever...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538647523
Sparse sensorarrays can achieve significantly more degrees of freedom than the number of elements by leveraging the co-array, a virtual structure that arises from the far field narrowband signal model. Although several sparse array configurations have been developed for passive sensing tasks, less attention has been paid to arrays suitable for active sensing. This paper presents a novel active sparse linear array, called the Interleaved Wichmann array (IWA). The IWA only has a few closely spaced elements, which may make it more robust to mutual coupling effects. Closed-form expressions are provided for the key properties of the IWA. The parameters maximizing the array aperture for a given even number of elements are also found. The near field wideband performance of the array is demonstrated numerically in a coherent imaging scenario.
The performance of most existing arrayprocessing algorithms relies heavily on the precise knowledge of array manifold, which is decided by individual sensor characteristics and array configuration. A major challenge ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424422401
The performance of most existing arrayprocessing algorithms relies heavily on the precise knowledge of array manifold, which is decided by individual sensor characteristics and array configuration. A major challenge for self-calibration techniques is the increased computational burden due to additional perturbation parameters. In this contribution, a novel procedure for array self-calibration is presented. We apply the well known numerical method, the Space Alternating Generalized EM algorithm (SAGE), to simplify the multi-dimensional search procedure required for finding maximum likelihood (ML) estimates. Simulation shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing methods that are based on the small perturbation assumption. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm remain robust in critical scenarios including large sensor position errors and closely located signals.
Several methods have been developed which allow the estimation of the location of an existing source with considerable accuracy in the absence of multipaths. However, if, in addition to the Line-of-Sight (LOS) path, n...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479914814
Several methods have been developed which allow the estimation of the location of an existing source with considerable accuracy in the absence of multipaths. However, if, in addition to the Line-of-Sight (LOS) path, non-LOS (NLOS) paths are also present, then all existing localisation algorithms dramatically fail to estimate the location of the source. In this paper, a passive arrayprocessing algorithm is proposed, which, if used prior to a localisation approach, suppresses all the multipath contributions in the received signal except for that of the LOS path. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated through computer simulation studies.
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