Covariance models provide excellent accuracy for ncRNA homology search. However, high computational complexity has limited their usefulness. This research improves the covariance model's search efficiency by build...
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Covariance models provide excellent accuracy for ncRNA homology search. However, high computational complexity has limited their usefulness. This research improves the covariance model's search efficiency by building combined models for a group of different RNA families, which is selected using a clustering strategy. A series of combined partial covariance models are built from the stem loop structural elements that the ncRNA gene families share. Experimental results suggest that for most RNA gene families investigated, our combination search method successfully provides run time improvement with acceptable accuracy. Although there still exist limitations such as recall loss for a few RNA gene families, this novel combination approach has implications for future studies of reducing covariance model's search complexity.
The Second Workshop on Algorithms for Large-Scale Information Processing in Knowledge Discovery (ALSIP 2011) is held on December 1-2 at Takamatsu Sunport Hall, Takamatsu, Japan. This workshop is a part of JSAI Symposi...
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Grid plants are a simple artificial organism that models competitive exclusion in annual plants. Simulated plants that grow only from their tip are placed on a toroidal grid. They grow according to genetic plans that ...
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Grid plants are a simple artificial organism that models competitive exclusion in annual plants. Simulated plants that grow only from their tip are placed on a toroidal grid. They grow according to genetic plans that are expressed, limited by both energy and other plants. Once a plant has occupied a cell of the grid, no other may, so that the plants are competing for space. The algorithm simulates reproduction for 1000 model years under differing conditions. The final populations of plants are compared using a variety of tools including agent case embeddings, non-linear projection, and hierarchical clustering. It is found the plants adapt strongly to the differing conditions with higher seed mortality rates corresponding to more aggressive seed production. Performance of the plants is visualized in a number of ways and suggestions are made for generalizing and applying the model.
A comparative analysis of three important shape analysis techniques viz. real spherical harmonic (RSH) coefficient, shape signatures based on ray-tracing, and multi-resolution attributed contour tree (MACT) is perform...
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A comparative analysis of three important shape analysis techniques viz. real spherical harmonic (RSH) coefficient, shape signatures based on ray-tracing, and multi-resolution attributed contour tree (MACT) is performed to understand their strengths and weaknesses in terms of their shape description power and computational ability. The analysis is performed on anti-HIV ligands extracted from NCI database and the binding pockets of the HIV-1 protease proteins extracted from PDB. The results demonstrate that the RSH technique is more sensitive to capture the detailed shape changes of the ligand molecules and protein binding pockets over the other two techniques.
Ontologies are formal knowledge representation models. Knowledge organization is a fundamental requirement in order to develop Knowledge-Based systems. In this paper we present Data-Problem-Solver (DPS) approach, a ne...
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Ontologies are formal knowledge representation models. Knowledge organization is a fundamental requirement in order to develop Knowledge-Based systems. In this paper we present Data-Problem-Solver (DPS) approach, a new ontological paradigm that allows the knowledge designer to model and represent a Knowledge Base (KB) for expert systems. Our approach clearly distinguishes among the knowledge about a problem to resolve (answering the “what to do” question), the solver method to resolve it (answering the “how to do” question) and the type of input data required (answering the “what I need” question). The main purpose of the proposed paradigm is to facilitate the generalization of the application domain and the modularity and the expandability of the represented knowledge. The proposed DPS ontological approach is applied to the modelling of the knowledge about a bioinformatics application scenario: the protein complex extraction from a protein-protein interaction network.
Epidemic models often incorporate contact networks along which the disease can be passed. This study follows up on an earlier one which evolved full general contact networks. This study uses an evolvable network repre...
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Epidemic models often incorporate contact networks along which the disease can be passed. This study follows up on an earlier one which evolved full general contact networks. This study uses an evolvable network representation inspired by the idea of a social fabric. The resulting representation is based on selecting overlapping groups of agents that interact as if they are well mixed. The groups in this representation are intended to represent groups that are, in fact, well mixed such as schools, families, or workplaces. The new representation permits a substantial improvement in the speed with which a contact model can be fit to an epidemic profile. There is a cost in the form of additional model parameters that must be tuned. A parameter setting study is performed for a simple epidemic profile, providing proof of concept for the evolvable social fabric representation. A number of potential improvements and directions for future work are outlined.
computational modeling has the potential to bridge the knowledge gap between the identification of cellular mechanisms altered in cancer and understanding development of the disease. A multicellular Glazier-Granier-Ho...
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computational modeling has the potential to bridge the knowledge gap between the identification of cellular mechanisms altered in cancer and understanding development of the disease. A multicellular Glazier-Granier-Hogeweg (GGH)-based model that considers biologically realistic parameters of endothelial cells and the extracellular matrix was developed and used to explore how tumors induce angiogenesis. The effect on angiogenesis of modifying these parameters singly and in combination was examined in a massively parallel search to discover novel therapeutic approaches. A two phase search process was employed: First random restart hill climbing identified potentially valuable points within the search space, then multi-dimensional parameter sweeps were performed over the nearby region to further refine solution quality. Examples of combination therapies to block nutrient delivery to the tumor that were discovered in the search are presented. Multicellular modeling to identify potential cancer chemotherapies is a promising approach to reveal new targets for cancer drug development and testing.
Currently classifying high-dimensional data is a very challenging problem. High dimensional feature spaces affect both accuracy and efficiency of supervised learning methods. To address this issue, we present a fast a...
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Currently classifying high-dimensional data is a very challenging problem. High dimensional feature spaces affect both accuracy and efficiency of supervised learning methods. To address this issue, we present a fast and efficient feature selection algorithm to facilitate classifying high-dimensional datasets as those appearing in bioinformatics problems. Our method employs a Laplacian score ranking to reduce the search space, combined with a simple wrapper strategy to find a good feature subset of uncorrelated features, giving as result a hybrid feature selection method which is useful for high dimensional spaces. Some experiments have been carried out on gene microarray datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
Given the input-output data of the mammalian cell cycle network under a parallel updating scheme, an attempt to construct a threshold Boolean network with the same dynamics is presented. To accomplish this, mutual inf...
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Given the input-output data of the mammalian cell cycle network under a parallel updating scheme, an attempt to construct a threshold Boolean network with the same dynamics is presented. To accomplish this, mutual information is used to find the network structure, then a swarm intelligence optimization technique called the bees algorithm is used to find the weights and thresholds for the network. It is shown that out of the ten regulatory elements (nodes) of the network, only nine can be modeled as a single threshold function, thus, the resulting network is almost a threshold Boolean network with the exception of the CycA protein which remains with its logical rules instead. The robustness of the network is explored with respect to update perturbations, in particular, what happens to the limit cycle attractors when changing from parallel to a sequential updating scheme. Results shows that the network is not robust since different limit cycles of different lengths appear.
Redundancy is believed to play a key role in robustness and evolvability of biological systems. This paper investigates the influence of redundancy on the evolutionary performance of a gene regulatory network governin...
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Redundancy is believed to play a key role in robustness and evolvability of biological systems. This paper investigates the influence of redundancy on the evolutionary performance of a gene regulatory network governing a cellular growth process. Extensive simulation results suggest that, for the developmental model studied in this work, maintaining sufficient redundancy helps to improve the ability of the evolutionary algorithm to achieve better performance. To examine the change of redundancy during the evolutionary process and its relationship to evolutionary performance, we propose a quantitative definition for measuring different aspects of redundancy, namely, structural redundancy, functional redundancy and functional proximity. Our results show that evolution attempts to increase the functional redundancy after pruning of redundant genes if the evolution is under a larger selection pressure. It is also interesting to notice that an increase in functional proximity enhances the evolutionary performance.
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