Artificial Gene Regulatory Networks (GRN) usually simulate cell behavior in developmental models. However, since 2003, GRN based controllers have been applied to robots to solve problems with few sensors and actuators...
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Artificial Gene Regulatory Networks (GRN) usually simulate cell behavior in developmental models. However, since 2003, GRN based controllers have been applied to robots to solve problems with few sensors and actuators. In this paper, we present our first steps toward an effective GRN-based controller for intelligent agents in video games. We will also introduce an experiment, the Radbot, where a robot has to handle and manage simultaneously four conflicting and cooperative continuous actions. Finally, we will show how a GRN-based controller can be evolved to solve the Radbot experiment.
A virtual laboratory (VL) is an environment where the applications are available as reusable components and are exploited within (“in silico”) experiments. The purpose of a virtual laboratory is to support collabora...
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A virtual laboratory (VL) is an environment where the applications are available as reusable components and are exploited within (“in silico”) experiments. The purpose of a virtual laboratory is to support collaborative work of all the people who are involved in any stage of the experimental process. Problem Solving Environment (PSE) is an approach and a technology that is used for the definition and composition of complex applications, hiding programming and configuration details to the user that can concentrate instead only on the specific biological problem. PSE allows building virtual laboratories specialized for a specific domain, such as bioinformatics. At the University of Salento, we have developed ProGenGrid (Proteomics and Genomics Grid), a system which aims to provide a virtual laboratory where e-scientists can simulate biological experiments, composing existing analysis and visualization tools, monitoring their execution, storing the intermediate and final output and finally, if needed, saving the model of the experiment for updating or reproducing it at a later time. Different bioinformatics services and workflows have been deployed in the LIBI (International Laboratory of bioinformatics) project, aiming at setting up an advanced bioinformatics and computationalbiology laboratory, focusing on basic and applied research in modern biology and biotechnologies. In this paper we present recent developments in the ProGenGrid system, with a special focus on the possibility to configure a computational grid by using the workflow editor. This new feature of the system allows to the user to create his/her own personal grid on-the-fly, by adding, removing, or updating its computer configuration.
The human vision system is often significantly superior in extracting and interpreting visual information when compared to classical computer vision systems. The exploitation of existing knowledge about human percepti...
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The human vision system is often significantly superior in extracting and interpreting visual information when compared to classical computer vision systems. The exploitation of existing knowledge about human perception is expected to improve the performance of computational vision systems. computational visual attention has been reported to improve scene understanding performance. This paper discusses some of the difficulties faced by the current generation of visual attention systems when applied on satellite images. Next, a novel technique for top-down attention is devised which is based on the energy of bottom-up feature maps and overcomes some of the limitations of previous approaches. The computed top-down map is then used as a method of object localization in the object recognition phase that makes use of texture and shape information using local binary patterns, Legendre moments and Hu moment invariants. The proposed algorithm is shown to perform better than other similar systems on satellite images in many aspects.
Discoveries in computational molecular - cell biology and bioinformatics promise to provide new therapeutic interventions to disease. With the rapid growth of sequence and structural information for thousands of prote...
Discoveries in computational molecular - cell biology and bioinformatics promise to provide new therapeutic interventions to disease. With the rapid growth of sequence and structural information for thousands of proteins and hundreds of cell types, computational processing are a restricting factor in obtaining quantitative understanding of molecular-cellular function. Processing and analysis is necessary both for input data (often from imaging) and simulation results. To make biological conclusions, this data must be input to and combined with results from computational analysis and simulations. Furthermore, as parallelism is increasingly prevalent, utilizing the available processing power is essential to development of scalable solutions needed for realistic scientific inquiry. However, complex image processing and even simulations performed on large clusters, multi-core CPU, GPU-type parallelization means that naïve cache unaware algorithms may not efficiently utilize available hardware. Future gains thus require improvements to a core suite of algorithms underpinning the data processing, simulation, optimization and visualization needed for scientific discovery. In this talk, I shall highlight current progress on these algorithms as well as provide several challenges for the visualization community.
These tutorials/keynote speeches discuss the following: the effects of nicotine exposure on the complexity and the genetic patterns of dopamine neurons in VTA; from 6-Ps medicine to cardiovascular health informatics; ...
These tutorials/keynote speeches discuss the following: the effects of nicotine exposure on the complexity and the genetic patterns of dopamine neurons in VTA; from 6-Ps medicine to cardiovascular health informatics; computer-aided interpretation of vascular images towards valid diagnosis and risk stratification of atherosclerosis; turning data into predictions of gene and protein function; from reading to writing (and rewriting) the code of life: the future of biology - scientific, ethical, legal, civil and social issues.
CodeML (part of the PAML package) implements a maximum likelihood-based approach to detect positive selection on a specific branch of a given phylogenetic tree. While CodeML is widely used, it is very compute-intensiv...
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CodeML (part of the PAML package) implements a maximum likelihood-based approach to detect positive selection on a specific branch of a given phylogenetic tree. While CodeML is widely used, it is very compute-intensive. We present SlimCodeML, an optimized version of CodeML for the branch-site model. Our performance analysis shows that SlimCodeML substantially outperforms CodeML (up to 9.38 times faster), especially for large-scale genomic analyses.
With the availability of large amounts of DNA data, exact matching of nucleotide sequences has become an important application in modern computationalbiology and in meta-genomics. In this paper we present an efficien...
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With the availability of large amounts of DNA data, exact matching of nucleotide sequences has become an important application in modern computationalbiology and in meta-genomics. In this paper we present an efficient method based on multiple hashing functions which improves the performance of existing string matching algorithms when used for searching DNA sequences. From our experimental results it turns out that the new proposed technique leads to algorithms which are up to 8 times faster than the best algorithm known for matching multiple patterns. It turns out also that the gain in performances is larger when searching for larger sets. Thus, considering the fact that the number of reads produced by next generation sequencing equipments is ever growing, the new technique serves a good basis for massive multiple long pattern search applications.
Mesoscopic imaging techniques, such as optical projection tomography (OPT) and single plane illumination microsopy (SPIM), are becoming invaluable tools to understand multicellular development. Our lab has worked on b...
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Mesoscopic imaging techniques, such as optical projection tomography (OPT) and single plane illumination microsopy (SPIM), are becoming invaluable tools to understand multicellular development. Our lab has worked on both of these technologies, with a focus on obtaining new data sets to be used as the basis of dynamical computer simulations. Here I will describe our work to transform a classical model of developmental biology - the developing vertebrate limb bud - into a quantitative model system for image-driven multiscale modeling. In particular, we have developed: (a) 3D and 4D quantitative data-capture tools [1], and (b) new multiscale simulation software. This integrated approach is allowing us to combine two of the primary questions of organogenesis: mechanical morphogenesis (the active cellular movements which lead to shaping of the tissue [2,3]), and molecular patterning (the spatial regulatory networks which control gene expression - [3] and unpublished work).
Mathematical modeling is a vital tool for studying biological systems. Due to the system complexity and technical challenges in molecular level measurement, it is commonly the case that a large number of model paramet...
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Mathematical modeling is a vital tool for studying biological systems. Due to the system complexity and technical challenges in molecular level measurement, it is commonly the case that a large number of model parameters have uncertain values. Analyzing model dynamics from a single estimated parameter set is insufficient and liable for misleading results. Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) has been recommended as a must-have step in the process of developing reliable models. However, the technique comes at high computation costs as it is based on Monte Carlo simulation which requires a large number of model evaluations and manipulating on massive data for sensitivity estimation. In this work, we develop a software package for global sensitivity estimation of biological models. The software is deployed on KISTI high performance computing (HPC) cluster environment to provide web-service to system biology modelers.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have been shown to play important roles in gene regulation and various biological processes. The abnormal expression of some specific miRNAs often results in the devel...
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