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检索条件"任意字段=IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Image and Signal Processing"

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High Performance Non-uniform FFT on Modern X86-based Multi-core Systems

High Performance Non-uniform FFT on Modern X86-based Multi-c...

引用

International symposium on Parallel and Distributed processing (IPDPS)

作者： Dhiraj D. Kalamkar Joshua D. Trzaskoz Srinivas Sridharan Mikhail Smelyanskiy Daehyun Kim Armando Manduca Yunhong Shu Matt A. Bernstein Bharat Kaul Pradeep Dubey Parallel Computing Lab Intel Labs Bangalore KA India Mayo Clinic Minnesota Rochester MN US Parallel Computing Laboratory INTEL Research Laboratory Santa Clara CA USA Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA Parallel Computing Lab Intel Labs Santa Clara CA USA Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA

The Non-Uniform Fast Fourier Transform (NUFFT) is a generalization of FFT to non-equidistant samples. It has many applications which vary from medical imaging to radio astronomy to the numerical solution of partial differential equations. Despite recent advances in speeding up NUFFT on various platforms, its practical applications are still limited, due to its high computational cost, which is significantly dominated by the convolution of a signal between a non-uniform and uniform grids. The computational cost of the NUFFT is particularly detrimental in cases which require fast reconstruction times, such as iterative 3D non-Cartesian MRI reconstruction. We propose novel and highly scalable parallel algorithm for performing NUFFT on x86-based multi-core CPUs. The high performance of our algorithm relies on good SIMD utilization and high parallel efficiency. On convolution, we demonstrate on average 90% SIMD efficiency using SSE, as well up to linear scalability using a quad-socket 40-core Intel(R) Xeon(R) E7-4870 Processors based system. As a result, on dual socket Intel(R) Xeon(R) X5670 based server, our NUFFT implementation is more than 4x faster compared to the best available NUFFT3D implementation, when run on the same hardware. On Intel(R) Xeon(R) E5-2670 processor based server, our NUFFT implementation is 1.5X faster than any published NUFFT implementation today. Such speed improvement opens new usages for NUFFT. For example, iterative multi channel reconstruction of a 240×240×240 image could execute in just over 3 minutes, which is on the same order as contemporary non-iterative (and thus less-accurate) 3D NUFFT-based MRI reconstructions.

关键词： Convolution Kernel Interpolation Magnetic resonance imaging image reconstruction Hardware Transforms

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Where-what network 1: “Where” and “what” assist each other through top-down connections

Where-what network 1: “Where” and “what” assist each oth...

引用

ieee International Conference on Development and Learning, ICDL

作者： Zhengping Ji Juyang Weng Danil Prokhorov Embodied Intelligence Laboratory Michigan State University Lansing USA Toyota Technical Center Ann Arbor USA

This paper describes the design of a single learning network that integrates both object location (ldquowhererdquo) and object type (ldquowhatrdquo), from images of learned objects in natural complex backgrounds. The in-place learning algorithm is used to develop the internal representation (including synaptic bottom-up and top-down weights of every neuron) in the network, such that every neuron is responsible for the learning of its own signal processing characteristics within its connected network environment, through interactions with other neurons in the same layer. In contrast with the previous fully connected MILN [13], the cells in each layer are locally connected in the network. Local analysis is achieved through multi-scale receptive fields, with increasing sizes of perception from earlier to later layers. The results of the experiments showed how one type of information (ldquowhererdquo or ldquowhatrdquo) assists the network to suppress irrelevant information from background (from ldquowhererdquo) or irrelevant object information (from ldquowhatrdquo), so as to give the required missing information (ldquowhererdquo or ldquowhatrdquo) in the motor output.

关键词： Neurons Visualization Training Feature extraction image recognition Object recognition computational modeling

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GPU-based Hybrid Parallel Logic Simulation for Scan Patterns

GPU-based Hybrid Parallel Logic Simulation for Scan Patterns

引用

International Test Conference in Asia (ITC-Asia)

作者： Liyang Lai Qiting Zhang Hans Tsai Wu-Tung Cheng Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Signal and Image Processing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Shantou University Shantou Guangdong China Mentor a Siemens Business Wilsonville OR US

ISBN: (数字)9781728189444

ISBN: (纸本)9781728189451

GPGPU, general-purpose computing on graphics processing units, has been witnessed growing from a niche to a mainstream computing paradigm in the last decade. It is widely deployed in machine learning, artificial intelligence, and many scientific applications. In this article, we study gate-level logic simulation for scan test patterns, one of the key algorithmic components for test generation, fault grading and design rule check. We are exploring if GPGPU can deliver scalable performance speedup as promised by its massive parallelism. We discuss the limitations of the state of art work. With GPUs' architectural features in mind, a novel algorithm of hybrid race-tolerant parallel logic simulation is proposed to unleash its immense power of parallelization. Its unique integration of oblivious simulation and event-driven simulation leads to a scalable realization of parallel logic simulation for scan patterns. For the first time in the literature, it is demonstrated that a modest GPU can handle an industrial design of over twenty million gates with excellent performance scalability.

关键词： Logic gates Integrated circuit modeling computational modeling Graphics processing units Data models Instruction sets Circuit faults

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Low-Bitwidth Floating Point Quantization for Efficient High-Quality Diffusion Models

Low-Bitwidth Floating Point Quantization for Efficient High-...

引用

ieee International Workshop/symposium on Workload Characterization

作者： Cheng Chen Christina Giannoula Andreas Moshovos Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Canada Computer Science University of Toronto & Vector Institute Toronto Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto & Vector Institute Toronto Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350356038

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356045

Diffusion models are emerging models that generate images by iteratively denoising random Gaussian noise using deep neural networks. These models typically exhibit high computational and memory demands, necessitating effective post-training quantization for high-performance inference. Recent works propose low-bitwidth (e.g., 8-bit or 4-bit) quantization for diffusion models, however 4-bit integer quantization typically results in low-quality images. We observe that on several widely used hardware platforms, there is little or no difference in compute capability between floating-point and integer arithmetic operations of the same bitwidth (e.g., 8-bit or 4-bit). Therefore, we propose an effective floating-point quantization method for diffusion models that provides better image quality compared to integer quantization methods. We employ a floating-point quantization method that was effective for other processing tasks, specifically computer vision and natural language tasks, and tailor it for diffusion models by integrating weight rounding learning during the mapping of the full-precision values to the quantized values in the quantization process. We comprehensively study integer and floating-point quantization methods in state-of-the-art diffusion models. Our floating-point quantization method not only generates higher-quality images than that of integer quantization methods, but also shows no noticeable degradation compared to full-precision models (32-bit floating-point), when both weights and activations are quantized to 8-bit floating-point values, while has minimal degradation with 4-bit weights and 8-bit activations. Additionally, we introduce a better methodology to evaluate quantization effects, highlighting shortcomings with existing output quality metrics and experimental methodologies. Finally, as an additional potential benefit, our floating-point quantization method increases model sparsity by an order of magnitude, enabling further optimization opportu

关键词： Degradation Measurement image quality Quantization (signal) computational modeling Noise reduction Natural languages Text to image Diffusion models Optimization

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Diff-FFT: Synthetic Lumbar Magnetic images From Frequency Domain-Based

Diff-FFT: Synthetic Lumbar Magnetic Images From Frequency Do...

引用

International Conference on computational intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN)

作者： Jie Cao Qingxuan Jiang Boshuo Li School of Computer Science Northeast Electric Power University Jilin China

ISBN: (数字)9798331505264

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505271

Magnetic resonance imaging is playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis of lumbar disc disease. It can provide high-resolution soft tissue contrast, helping doctors accurately identify disc lesions, inflammation and changes in other related structures. However, the use of MRI is limited due to its high cost and significant operating and processing times. More importantly, MRI examinations are not allowed for people with pacemakers, other metal objects in the body such as cochlear implants and metal teeth, or people in critical condition or claustrophobic, as it may cause injury. For this reason, this paper proposes a frequency domain-based method for synthesizing lumbar magnetic images. First, we introduce a multi-scale frequency channel attention module to model global features, which helps the model more effectively process wide-area information and improve its accuracy and detail performance in generating lumbar magnetic resonance images. Then, a dual-resolution frequency domain-based FFN module is proposed. This module selectively retains important frequency information through a learnable quantization matrix W. The inverse method of JPEG compression. Experimental results show that this method is accurate and can construct MR images that are very close to the reference MR images, and it also outperforms the other three state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Quantization (signal) image coding Inverse problems Magnetic resonance imaging Frequency-domain analysis Spine Magnetic resonance Transform coding Metals Magnetic domains

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A Statistically Evaluated Decision Tree Approach for SI-Compliant PCB Design

A Statistically Evaluated Decision Tree Approach for SI-Comp...

引用

ieee International symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC Europe

作者： Emre Ecik Werner John Julian Withöft Ralf Brüning Jürgen Götze Information Processing Lab TU Dortmund Germany PYRAMIDE2525 Germany EMC Technology Center Paderborn Zuken GmbH Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350307351

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343045

Constantly decreasing switching times in electronic systems lead to EMC problems such as signal integrity (SI)-noise and make it difficult for the PCB designer to find an adequate solution within the available parameter space. AI algorithms are very promising to find SI-compliant design parameters. Methods such as genetic algorithm (GA) or Bayesian optimization (BO) have been used to determine an optimal parameter set and support circuit design. However, the algorithms mentioned can be rather time-consuming for a large dimension of the design space, especially during the training process. Furthermore, there is generally no explanation for the results of the AI approaches available. The designer has to accept the proposed solutions without insight. In this contribution, a combined approach is presented to ensure SI-conformity. signal waveforms describing the SI behaviour are generated for two different kind of signal networks (point-to-point and daisy chain) and are analyzed with a decision tree (DT) approach for SI-compliance. In order to obtain SI-compliant design parameters, the occurrence of the parameters is analyzed using probability mass functions. Thereby an optimum parameter set is provided as part of the available design space. The proposed method represents a simple approach due to the understandable and hierarchical structure of the decision tree (physically explainable AI).

关键词： Training Support vector machines Explainable AI computational modeling Artificial neural networks Electromagnetic compatibility Bayes methods Decision trees Artificial intelligence Genetic algorithms

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Assessment of the Binding Characteristics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein120 and Host Cluster of Differentiation4 Using Digital signal processing

Assessment of the Binding Characteristics of Human Immunodef...

引用

ieee symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Norbert Nwankwo Huseyin Seker Centre of Computational Intelligence Department of Informatics Faculty of Technology De Montfort University Leicester UK

Protein residues which contribute to bio-recognition and binding interaction between HIV Surface protein also called Glycoprotein120 (gp120) and Cluster of Differentiation4 (CD4) have been identified. However, this was with limited number of isolates. Notwithstanding, the particular HIV isolate that harbors the gp120 with the greatest binding force to the CD4 has not been investigated. In this paper, protein sequences of gp120 from 43 HIV-1 isolates, 5 isolates each from the HIV-2 and SIV as well as the CD4 of 25 HIV host organisms were analyzed using Resonant Recognition Method (RMM). The results re-confirmed that protein sequences of the HIV and CD4 share common spectral features in relation to bio-recognition and binding. From the large dataset of the HIV and SIV isolates used, MFA group M subtype B (HIV-1) isolate was found to have the greatest affinity for the CD4. Furthermore, the CD4 of the human and chimpanzee were established to possess about same level of binding force to the HIV gp120. Also the CD4 of other species offered more attractive force to another protein in such a manner that the approach taken in this study has also shown to be a useful and reliable tool for clear categorization of species. Finally, clinically experimented results were found to correlate with the computationally obtained results as the gp120 of the HIV-2 and SIV which were recognized to circumvent the CD4 during infection were found to have low peak amplitude. This low peak amplitude observed in the HIV-2 and SIV implies that they have weak affinity or attraction for the host CD4.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Digital signal processing Proteins Sequences Amino acids Organisms Resonance Informatics Peptides Drugs

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Fast simulation of ultrasound images

Fast simulation of ultrasound images

引用

ieee symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： J.A. Jensen I. Nikolov Center for Fast Ultrasound ImagingDepartment of Information Technology Technical University of Denmark Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)0780363655

Realistic B-mode and flow images can be simulated with scattering maps based on optical, CT, or MR images or parametric flow models. The image simulation often includes using 200,000 to 1 million point scatterers. One image line typically takes 1800 seconds to compute on a state-of-the-art PC, and a whole image can take a full day. Simulating 3D images and 3D flow takes even more time. A 3D image of 64 by 64 lines can take 21 days, which is not practical for iterative work. This paper presents a new fast simulation method based on the Field II program. In imaging the same spatial impulse response is calculated for each of the image lines, and making 100 lines, thus, gives 100 calculations of the same impulse response delayed differently for the different lines. Doing the focusing after this point in the simulation can make the calculation faster. This corresponds to full synthetic aperture imaging. The received response from each element is calculated, when emitting with each of the elements in the aperture, and then the responses are subsequently focused. This is the approach taken in this paper using a modified version of the Field II program. A 64 element array, thus, gives 4096 responses. For a 7 MHz 64 element linear array the simulation time for one image line is 471 seconds for 200,000 scatterers on a 800 MHz AMD Athlon PC, corresponding to 17 hours for one image with 128 lines. Using the new approach, the computation time is 10,963 seconds, and the beamforming time is 9 seconds, which makes the approach 5.5 times faster. For 3D images with 64 by 64 lines, the total conventional simulation time for one volume is 517 hours, whereas the new approach makes the simulation in 6,810 seconds. The time for beamforming is 288 seconds, and the new approach is, thus, 262 times faster. The simulation can also be split among a number of PCs for speeding up the simulation. A full 3D one second volume simulation then takes 7,500 seconds on a 32 CPU 600 MHz Pentium III PC cl

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging computational modeling Optical scattering image motion analysis Optical imaging Focusing Array signal processing Adaptive optics Nonlinear optics Computed tomography

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Evaluating Tourism Service Quality Using Large Language Models: A Sentiment Analysis Approach

Evaluating Tourism Service Quality Using Large Language Mode...

引用

symposium of image, signal processing, and Artificial Vision (STSIVA)

作者： Yate Feng Ying Zhao Junyang Pan Yimin Wen School of Tourism Data Guilin Tourism University Guilin China School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350363203

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363210

With the continuous expansion of the tourism industry, understanding and enhancing tourism service quality has become increasingly critical. This study introduces an innovative method for evaluating tourism service quality using large language models (LLMs) and aspect-based sentiment analysis of travelogue data. By leveraging the advanced capabilities of LLMs, this method enables nuanced sentiment recognition at the aspect level, which significantly enhances the understanding of customer sentiments towards various tourism services. Analyzing over 1,000 travelogues sourced from an online platform, this research reveals the strengths of using LLMs in processing large volumes of unstructured data, resulting in a richer, data-driven understanding of customer experiences. The insights derived from this study provide valuable information for industry stakeholders, empowering them to tailor their services more effectively and ultimately enhance overall tourist satisfaction.

关键词： Sentiment analysis Analytical models Large language models computational modeling User-generated content Tourism industry Transportation Data models Stakeholders Informatics

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Visualising and tracking uncertainty in thematic classifications of satellite imagery

Visualising and tracking uncertainty in thematic classificat...

引用

ieee International symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： L. Bastin J. Wood P.F. Fisher FLIERS (Fuzzy Land Information from Environmental Remote Sensing) Department of Geography University of Leicester Leicester UK

Satellite sensors impose an artificial gridding on real, complex landscapes as a necessary result of their periodic sampling. This leads to several sources of uncertainty when the digital data are classified, including sub-pixel mixing and possible spatial misregistration. Other uncertainty sources include spectral confusion between distinct landcover types, and bias effects specific to certain sensors. Experts working with remotely-sensed imagery are often familiar and experienced with traditional visualisation techniques. Satellite images are familiar to many users as coloured maps or grey-scale images, and single landcover maps and images can be easily and intuitively explored in many GIS packages. However, there are as yet no standard methods and metaphors for visualising the various sorts of uncertainty in raster satellite imagery, and in products derived from it. This uncertainty can be unevenly distributed in space, and may increase or decrease through propagation as various processing stages are carried out. Users often need to explore their landcover data in order to support practical or policy decisions. visualisation processes, in a format which is understandable and easily queried. Conceptually, fuzzy sets allow the handling of many sorts of uncertainty, as well as the representation of geographic objects which belong, partially or completely, to more than one category. This paper stems from a project (FLIERS) which uses fuzzy classification to model and handle some of the uncertainties mentioned above. This approach creates multi-layered stacks of membership images, which need to be combined and manipulated for easy visualisation. Some promising possibilities for visualising such data have been demonstrated by a number of researchers, and specific tools are implemented in the uncertainty visualisation toolkit described in the present article.

关键词： Uncertainty Data visualization Remote sensing Animation Geographic Information Systems Geography Artificial satellites image sampling computational intelligence Society Packaging

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