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9th International symposium on image and signal processing and Analysis (ISPA)

作者： Duta, Cristina-Loredana Gheorghe, Laura Tapus, Nicolae Univ Politehn Bucuresti Dept Comp Sci & Engn Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781467380324

A large part of the latest research in speech coding algorithms is motivated by the need of obtaining secure military communications, to allow effective operation in a hostile environment. Since the bandwidth of the communication channel is a sensitive problem in military applications, low bit-rate speech compression methods are mostly used. Several speech processing applications such as Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction are characterized by very strict requirements in power consumption, size, and voltage supply. These requirements are difficult to fulfill, given the complexity and number of functions to be implemented, together with the real time requirement and large dynamic range of the input signals. To meet these constraints, careful optimization should be done at all levels, ranging from algorithmic level, through system and circuit architecture, to layout and design of the cell library. The key points of this optimization are among others, the choice of the algorithms, the modification of the algorithms to reduce computational complexity, the choice of a fixed-point arithmetic unit, the minimization of the number of bits required at every node of the algorithm, and a careful match between algorithms and architecture. This paper concentrates on low bit rate speech coding technology, mainly in MELP and solved the problem of optimizing the program of MELP on Digital signal Processor platform. The algorithm was ported onto a fixed point DSP, Blackfin 537, and stage by stage optimization was performed to meet the real time requirements. The main functions involved were analysis, parameter encoding, parameter decoding and synthesis. The fixed point source code at the MELP front end was also thoroughly optimized at the C Level. Memory optimization techniques such as data placement and caching were also used to reduce the processing time. The results we obtained show that real-time implementations of a speech vocoder based on the MELP standard for low bit rate commu

关键词： speech signal speech processing linear predictive coding digital signal processor Blackfin processor

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Clustering and classification based on expert knowledge propagation using probabilistic self-organizing map(PRSOM): Application to the classification of satellite ocean color TOA observations.

Clustering and classification based on expert knowledge prop...

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ieee International symposium on computational intelligence for Measurement Systems and Applications

作者： Ngan, A Thiria, S Badran, F Yaccoub, M Moulin, C Crepon, M Univ Dakar Dakar Senegal

ISBN: (纸本)0780377834

The Kohonen map with PRSOM was used to analyze a time sequence of SeaWifs images These images were observed on the Mediterranean Sea from the 6(th) of August to the 12(th). We processed the normalized reflectance of full TOA spectrum by first using a 20X20 Kohonen map and then we aggregated these 400 classes into 50 classes by using the PRSOM algorithm. The classifier was trained on a one year (1999) Mediterranean SeaWifs images using a temporal homogeneity. (2 images/month). We have developed an automatic labeling procedure based on the SeaWifs LUT used to invert the TOA signal. The labeling procedure allows us to identify four different aerosol type (Coastal, Maritime, Tropospheric Dust, Oceanic) and their corresponding optical thickness. We clearly see an important event of Saharian dust coming from the Sahara, crossing the Mediterranean Sea and invading North of the Mediterranean. A meteorological map taken the 10(th) of August shows a strong South West wind supporting the above interpretation. This study clearly shows the possibility to use the above algorithm for automatically classify the aerosols at the Top of the Atmosphere.

关键词： Aerosols image analysis image sequence analysis Labeling Meteorology Oceans Reflectivity Satellites Sea measurements Table lookup

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A review of image reconstruction algorithms in electrical capacitance tomography 10

A review of image reconstruction algorithms in electrical ca...

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10th International Conference on Advanced computational intelligence, ICACI 2018

作者： Li, Kezhi Cong, Shuang Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538643624

In order to learn the fundamental physics of complex multiphase flow systems using the electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) approach as an advanced measurement technique, we write a literature review of the ECT method from a perspective of the optimization algorithm design with domain constraints. In the first place we introduce the physical laws governing the ECT system. Then we will focus on optimization techniques in terms of various hardware settings, and signal processing algorithms that are capable to recover the cross sectional image of the internal characteristics of a specified region based on the measuring capacitances data of multi-electrode sensors. Among these approaches, we will investigate their advantages and limitations, and analyze the algorithms which have been examined through simulations or physical experiments. © 2018 ieee.

关键词： Capacitance

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Training genetically evolving cellular automata for image processing

Training genetically evolving cellular automata for image pr...

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1994 International symposium on Speech, image processing and Neural Networks, ISSIPNN 1994

作者： Sahota, P. Daemi, M.F. Elliman, D.G. Recognition Engineering Group Machine Intelligence Group Department of Computer Science University of Nottingham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)078031865X

The paper describes the use of a genetically controlled automaton model to tackle image processing problems. A generalised system is set up that attempts to discover the precise cellular automaton functions required to solve a given problem. Functions are located with the help of a genetic algorithm, and once trained the system is able to process unseen images. The results have shown that the system correctly solves the task of image edge detection, and that the same procedure may be used for any image processing task. © 1994 ieee.

关键词： image processing

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Illumination independent color-based face detection 3

Illumination independent color-based face detection

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3rd International symposium on image and signal processing and Analysis (ISPA)

作者： Kovac, J Peer, P Solina, F Univ Ljubljana Fac Comp & Informat Sci SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia

ISBN: (纸本)953184061X

Computer vision is one out of many areas that want to understand the process of human functionality and copy that process with intention to complement human life with intelligent machines. For better human-computer interaction it is necessary for the machine to see people. This can be achieved by employing face detection algorithms, like the one used in the installation "15 Seconds of Fame" [10]. Mentioned installation unites the areas of modern art and technology. Its algorithm is based on skin-color detection. One of the problems this and similar algorithms have to deal with is sensitivity to the illumination conditions under which the input image is captured. Hence illumination sensitivity influences face detection results. This problem is being more or less successfully solved by the use of color compensation and color constancy methods. In this work some of these methods are described, realized and tested. Their basic intention is to eliminate the influence of non-standard illumination from images. Tests that were performed showed that methods apply positive influence on face detection results.

关键词： Art Computer vision Face detection Humans Information science Life testing Lighting Machine intelligence Peer to peer computing Performance evaluation

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Range image Registration Using Hierarchical Segmentation and Clustering

Range Image Registration Using Hierarchical Segmentation and...

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ieee International symposium on computational intelligence in Robotics and Automation

作者： Liu, Yonghuai Li, Longzhuang Xie, Xianghua Wei, Baogang Aberystwyth Univ Dept Comp Sci Ceredigion SY23 3DB Wales Texas A&M Univ Dept Comp Sci Corpus Christi TX 78412 USA Univ Coll Swansea Dept Comp Sci Swansea SA2 8PP W Glam Wales Zhejiang Univ Coll Comp Sci Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424448081

An accurate, robust, and automatic registration of overlapping range images is usually a pre-requisite step for range image analysis and applications. While accurate depiction of object geometry requires the increase of the resolutions of images and thus, the amount of data to process, an efficient processing of such data then usually becomes an issue. In this paper, we first employ the efficient tensor analysis and k means clustering methods to hierarchically segment and cluster the original range images into a small number of planar patches represented as the closest points in the original images to their centroids. Then an advanced ICP variant is adopted to register such closest points. Finally, another ICP variant is used to refine the registration results obtained over all the points in the images. The experimental results based on real range images show that the proposed technique significantly outperforms the selected two state of the art ones for accurate and efficient registration of overlapping range images.

关键词： image segmentation

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Multi-View Stereo Using Graph Cuts-Based Depth Refinement

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ieee signal processing LETTERS 2022年 29卷 1903-1907页

作者： Nair, Nirmal S. Nair, Madhu S. Univ Kerala Dept Comp Sci Kariyavattom 695581 Kerala India Cochin Univ Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci Artificial Intelligence & Comp Vis Lab Kochi 682022 Kerala India

Multi-View Stereo (MVS) methods tackle the ill-posed inverse problem of recovering an object's 3D structure from its multi-view calibrated images. High computational cost restricts most MVS methods from using global information for depth estimation. We present a depth map-based MVS method that uses global information to estimate the depths of all pixels in an image simultaneously. To this end, we transform the depth refinement problem into computing max-flow/min-cut on a 3D grid graph with offset vertices. The s-t min-cut of this graph corresponds to the minimization of an energy functional consisting of photo-consistency and smoothness terms. Experimental results on indoor and outdoor datasets validate the efficacy of our method, especially on models with low textured regions where global information is necessary to infer the correct depth.

关键词： 3D reconstruction multi-view stereo graph cuts

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A NOVEL ALL-IN-ONE GRID NETWORK FOR VIDEO FRAME INTERPOLATION

A NOVEL ALL-IN-ONE GRID NETWORK FOR VIDEO FRAME INTERPOLATIO...

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ieee International Conference on image processing (ICIP)

作者： Xue, Fanyong Li, Jie Wu, Chentao Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ AI Inst Dept Comp Sci & Engn MoE Key Lab Artificial Intelligence Shanghai Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665441155

Flow-based approaches for video frame interpolation typically consist of multiple networks that are responsible for feature extraction, optical flow estimation, and image synthesis, respectively. However, they are usually computationally expensive, and can hardly be employed in devices with limited computing resources. In this work, we propose an All-in-one Grid Frame Interpolation Network (AGFIN) to address this problem. AGFIN is a light-weight network with multiple rows and columns. In each row, we estimate the contextual features and optical flows, then the image synthesis module reconstructs the results from the warped frames and features. Each row serves as a coarser or finer auxiliary for the nearest row. In contrast to using multiple networks, our model integrates feature extraction, optical flow estimation, and image synthesis into a compact network. The experimental results show that our approach has better or comparable performance comparing to representative state-of-the-art approaches with less computational cost.

关键词： Video frame interpolation deep learning video processing optical flow estimation

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Real-time digital video stabilization for multi-media applications

Real-time digital video stabilization for multi-media applic...

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ieee International symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 98)

作者： Ratakonda, K Univ Illinois Dept Elect & Comp Engn Urbana IL 61801 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780344553

Amateur digital video footage, shot with a hand-held camera, is characterized by visually annoying, jerky movement between successive frames. In this paper a fast and robust image stabilization technique is presented to remove the effects of unwanted camera motion while not effecting true pans or zooms. Unlike other image stabilization techniques, which are typically used as a pre-processing step to more complicated image processing operations, the proposed technique is specifically aimed at providing "visually jerk-free video" for consumer viewing. Empirical evidence suggested that a simple global translational model for each pair of successive images followed by local integration of cumulative motion is sufficient for this purpose. We use a novel technique to estimate the translational motion model which reduces the total computational burden to less than 1 computation/pixel, while providing robust jerk elimination, thus making real-time operation possible on most PC/UNIX platforms. Tests with a number of video sequences have shown the efficacy of the proposed method.

关键词： Video signal processing

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Connectivity Pattern Modeling of Motor imagery EEG

Connectivity Pattern Modeling of Motor Imagery EEG

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ieee symposium on computational intelligence, Cognitive Algorithms, Mind, and Brain (CCMB)

作者： Li, Xinyang Ong, Sim-Heng Pan, Yaozhang Ang, Kai Keng Natl Univ Singapore NUS Grad Sch Singapore 119613 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Dept Elect & Comp Engn Singapore 119613 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Dept Bioengn Singapore 119613 Singapore Inst Infocomm Res Agcy Sci Technol & Res Singapore 138632 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781467358712

In this paper, the functional connectivity network of motor imagery based on EEG is investigated to understand brain function during motor imagery. In particular, partial directed coherence and directed transfer function measurements are applied to multi-channel EEG data to find out event related connectivity pattern with the direction and strength. The t-test is applied to these connectivity measurements to compare the network between motor imagery and the rest state. The possible relationship between this connectivity pattern and subjects performances are discussed. Based on the Granger causality analysis, a feature extraction method is proposed to compensate for non-stationarity in data. By attenuating the time-lagged correlation, this feature extraction method based on the multi-variate auto-regression model is proposed to reduce the effects of noises caused by time propagation. The validity of the proposed method is verified through experimental studies with a two-class dataset, and significant improvement in term of classification accuracy is achieved.

关键词： causality electroencephalography feature extraction medical image processing regression analysis

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