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Vortex visualization for practical engineering applications

ieee TRANSACTIONS ON visualization AND COMPUTER graphics 2006年第5期12卷 957-964页

作者： Jankun-Kelly, Monika Jiang, Ming Thompson, David Machiraju, Raghu Mississippi State Univ Computat Simulat & Design Ctr Mississippi State MS 39762 USA Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab Ctr Appl Sci Comp Livermore CA 94551 USA Mississippi State Univ Dept Aerosp Engn Mississippi State MS 39762 USA Ohio State Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Columbus OH 43210 USA

In order to understand complex vortical flows in large data sets, we must be able to detect and visualize vortices in an automated fashion. In this paper, we present a feature-based vortex detection and visualization technique that is appropriate for large computational fluid dynamics data sets computed on unstructured meshes. In particular, we focus on the application of this technique to visualization of the flow over a serrated wing and the flow field around a spinning missile with dithering canards. We have developed a core line extraction technique based on the observation that vortex cores coincide with local extrema in certain scalar fields. We also have developed a novel technique to handle complex vortex topology that is based on k-means clustering. These techniques facilitate visualization of vortices in simulation data that may not be optimally resolved or sampled. Results are included that highlight the strengths and weaknesses of our approach. We conclude by describing how our approach can be improved to enhance robustness and expand its range of applicability.

关键词： vortex detection vortex visualization feature mining

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Interactive point-based rendering of higher-order tetrahedral data

Interactive point-based rendering of higher-order tetrahedra...

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ieee visualization Conference (Vis 2006)/ieee symposium on Information visualization (InfoVis 2006)

作者： Zhou, Yuan Garland, Michael Univ Illinois Dept Comp Sci Urbana IL 61801 USA

Computational simulations frequently generate solutions defined over very large tetrahedral volume meshes containing many millions of elements. Furthermore, such solutions may often be expressed using non-linear basis functions. Certain solution techniques, such as discontinuous Galerkin methods, may even produce non-conforming meshes. Such data is difficult to visualize interactively, as it is far too large to fit in memory and many common data reduction techniques, such as mesh simplification, cannot be applied to non-conforming meshes. We introduce a point-based visualization system for interactive rendering of large, potentially non-conforming, tetrahedral meshes. We propose methods for aclaptively sampling points from non-linear solution data and for decimating points at run time to fit GPU memory limits. Because these are streaming processes, memory consumption is independent of the input size. We also present an order-independent point rendering method that can efficiently render volumes on the order of 20 million tetrahedra at interactive rates.

关键词： interactive large higher-order tetrahedral volume visualization point-based visualization

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Texturing of layered surfaces for optimal viewing

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ieee TRANSACTIONS ON visualization AND COMPUTER graphics 2006年第5期12卷 1125-1132页

作者： Bair, Alethea S. House, Donald H. Ware, Colin Texas A&M Univ College Stn TX 77843 USA Univ New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 USA

This paper is a contribution to the literature on perceptually optimal visualizations of layered three-dimensional surfaces. Specifically, we develop guidelines for generating texture patterns, which, when tiled on two overlapped surfaces, minimize confusion in depth-discrimination and maximize the ability to localize distinct features. We design a parameterized texture space and explore this texture space using a "human in the loop" experimental approach. Subjects are asked to rate their ability to identify Gaussian bumps on both upper and lower surfaces of noisy terrain fields. Their ratings direct a genetic algorithm, which selectively searches the texture parameter space to find fruitful areas. data collected from these experiments are analyzed to determine what combinations of parameters work well and to develop texture generation guidelines. data analysis methods include ANOVA, linear discriminant analysis, decision trees, and parallel coordinates. To confirm the guidelines, we conduct a post-analysis experiment, where subjects rate textures following our guidelines against textures violating the guidelines. Across all subjects, textures following the guidelines consistently produce high rated textures on an absolute scale, and are rated higher than those that did not follow the guidelines.

关键词： perception optimal visualization layered surfaces human-in-the-loop genetic algorithm data mining linear discriminant analysis parallel coordinates decision trees

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FacetMap: A scalable search and browse visualization

FacetMap: A scalable search and browse visualization

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ieee visualization Conference (Vis 2006)/ieee symposium on Information visualization (InfoVis 2006)

作者： Smith, Greg Czerwinski, Mary Meyers, Brian Robbins, Daniel Robertson, George Tan, Desney S. Microsoft Research

The dominant paradigm for searching and browsing large data stores is text-based: presenting a scrollable list of search results in response to textual search term input. While this works well for the Web, there is opportunity for improvement in the domain of personal information stores, which tend to have more heterogeneous data and richer metadata. In this paper, we introduce FacetMap, an interactive, query-driven visualization, generalizable to a wide range of metadata-rich data stores. FacetMap uses a visual metaphor for both input (selection of metadata facets as filters) and output. Results of a user study provide insight into tradeoffs between FacetMap's graphical approach and the traditional text-oriented approach.

关键词： graphical visualization interactive information retrieval faceted metadata

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LOD map - A visual interface for navigating multiresolution volume visualization

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ieee TRANSACTIONS ON visualization AND COMPUTER graphics 2006年第5期12卷 1029-1036页

作者： Wang, Chaoli Shen, Han-Wei Ohio State Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Columbus OH 43210 USA

In multiresolution volume visualization, a visual representation of level-of-detail (LOD) quality is important for us to examine, compare, and validate different LOD selection algorithms. While traditional methods rely on ultimate images for quality measurement, we introduce the LOD map - an alternative representation of LOD quality and a visual interface for navigating multiresolution data exploration. Our measure for LOD quality is based on the formulation of entropy from information theory. The measure takes into account the distortion and contribution of multiresolution data blocks. A LOD map is generated through the mapping of key LOD ingredients to a treemap representation. The ordered treemap layout is used for relative stable update of the LOD map when the view or LOD changes. This visual interface not only indicates the quality of LODs in an intuitive way, but also provides immediate suggestions for possible LOD improvement through visually-striking features. It also allows us to compare different views and perform rendering budget control. A set of interactive techniques is proposed to make the LOD adjustment a simple and easy task. We demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on large scientific and medical data sets.

关键词： LOD map knowledge representation perceptual reasoning multiresolution rendering large volume visualization

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Concurrent visualization in a production supercomputing environment

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ieee TRANSACTIONS ON visualization AND COMPUTER graphics 2006年第5期12卷 997-1004页

作者： Ellsworth, David Green, Bryan Henze, Chris Moran, Patrick Sandstrom, Timothy NASA Ames Res Ctr AMTI Washington DC 20546 USA

We describe a concurrent visualization pipeline designed for operation in a production supercomputing environment. supercomputer for a massively parallel forecast model (GEOS4). During the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season, GEOS4 was run 4 times a day under tight time constraints so that its output could be included in an ensemble prediction that was made available to forecasters at the National Hurricane Center. Given this time-critical context, we designed a configurable concurrent pipeline to visualize multiple global fields without significantly affecting the runtime model performance or reliability. We use MPEG compression of the accruing images to facilitate live low-bandwidth distribution of multiple visualization streams to remote sites. We also describe the use of our concurrent visualization framework with a global ocean circulation model, which provides a 864-fold increase in the temporal resolution of practically achievable animations. In both the atmospheric and oceanic circulation models, the application scientists gained new insights into their model dynamics, due to the high temporal resolution animations attainable.

关键词： supercomputing concurrent visualization interactive visual computing time-varying data high temporal resolution visualization GEOS4 global climate model hurricane visualization ECCO ocean modeling

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Spatial analysis of news sources

Spatial analysis of news sources

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ieee visualization Conference (Vis 2006)/ieee symposium on Information visualization (InfoVis 2006)

作者： Mehler, Andrew Bao, Yunfan Li, Xin Wang, Yue Skiena, Steven SUNY Stony Brook Dept Comp Sci Stony Brook NY 11794 USA

People in different places talk about different things. This interest distribution is reflected by the newspaper articles circulated in a particular area. We use data from our large-scale newspaper analysis system (Lydia) to make entity datamaps, a spatial visualization of the interest in a given named entity. Our goal is to identify entities which display regional biases. We develop a model of estimating the frequency of reference of an entity in any given city from the reference frequency centered in surrounding cities, and techniques for evaluating the spatial significance of this distribution.

关键词： GIS geographic visualization text and document visualization information analytics WWW data visualization spidering newspapers

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Analyzing complex FTMS simulations: A case study in high-level visualization of ion motions

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ieee TRANSACTIONS ON visualization AND COMPUTER graphics 2006年第5期12卷 1037-1043页

作者： Burakiewicz, Wojciech van Liere, Robert Ctr Math & Comp Sci Amsterdam Netherlands

Current practice in particle visualization renders particle position data directly onto the screen as points or glyphs. Using a camera placed at a fixed position, particle motions can be visualized by rendering trajectories or by animations. Applying such direct techniques to large, time dependent particle data sets often results in cluttered images in which the dynamic properties of the underlying system are difficult to interpret. In this case study we take an alternative approach to the visualization of ion motions. Instead of rendering ion position data directly, we first extract meaningful motion information from the ion position data and then map this information onto geometric primitives. Our goal is to produce high-level visualizations that reflect the physicists' way of thinking about ion dynamics. Parameterized geometric icons are defined to encode motion information of clusters of related ions. In addition, a parameterized camera control mechanism is used to analyze relative instead of only absolute ion motions. We apply the techniques to simulations of Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) experiments. The data produced by such simulations can amount to 5(.)10(4) ions and 10(5) tmesteps. This paper discusses the requirements, design and informal evaluation of the implemented system.

关键词： particle visualization motion motion features

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Multi-layered image caching for distributed rendering of large multiresolution datasets

Multi-layered image caching for distributed rendering of lar...

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6th Eurographics symposium on parallel graphics and visualization, EGPGV 2006

作者： Strasser, Jonathan Pascucci, Valerio Ma, Kwan-Lui University of California Davis United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

ISBN: (纸本)3905673401

The capability to visualize large volume datasets has applications in a myriad of scientific fields. This paper presents a large data visualization solution in the form of distributed, multiresolution, progressive processing. This solution reduces the problem of rendering a large volume data into many simple and independent problems that can be straightforwardly distributed to multiple computers. By completely decoupling rendering and display with image caching, we are able to maintain a high level of interactivity during exploration of the data, which is key to obtaining insights into the data. © The Eurographics Association 2006.

关键词： visualization

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The perceptual scalability of visualization

The perceptual scalability of visualization

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ieee visualization Conference (Vis 2006)/ieee symposium on Information visualization (InfoVis 2006)

作者： Yost, Beth North, Chris IEEE United States Virginia Tech United States

larger, higher resolution displays can be used to increase the scalability of information visualizations. But just how much can scalability increase using larger displays before hitting human perceptual or cognitive limits? Are the same visualization techniques that are. good on a single monitor also the techniques that are best when they are scaled up using large, high-resolution displays? To answer these questions we performed a controlled experiment on user performance time, accuracy, and subjective workload when scaling up data quantity with different space-time-attribute visualizations using a large, tiled display. Twelve college students used small multiples, embedded bar matrices, and embedded time-series graphs either on a 2 megapixel (Mp) display or with data scaled up using a 32 Mp tiled display. Participants performed various overview and detail tasks on geospatially-referenced multidimensional time-series data. Results showed that current designs are perceptually scalable because they result in a decrease in task completion time when normalized per number of data attributes along with no decrease in accuracy. It appears that, for the visualizations selected for this study, the relative comparison between designs is generally consistent between display sizes. However, results also suggest that encoding is more important on a smaller display while spatial grouping is more important on a larger display. Some suggestions for designers are provided based on our experience designing visualizations for large displays.

关键词： information visualization large displays empirical evaluation

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