An age wave is upon us, and many tech-savvy older adults are reaching retirement. To explore the barriers and benefits of engaging this population, promote an active post-working life, and foster community, we plan to...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467308502
An age wave is upon us, and many tech-savvy older adults are reaching retirement. To explore the barriers and benefits of engaging this population, promote an active post-working life, and foster community, we plan to involve retired programmers in the development of a free/open source software (FOSS) health and wellness application. FOSS communities are dominated by young male developers, and can be hostile to outsiders despite a shared philosophical alignment of altruistic motivations often embraced by retirees. I expect to contribute to the field by exploring the benefits and barriers of involving older adults in FOSS communities, as well as how they can benefit each other by collaborating to develop a meaningful product with and for older adults.
Text languages are perceived by many computer science students as difficult, intimidating, and/or tedious in nature. Conversely, blocks-based environments are perceived as approachable, but many students see them as i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728108100
Text languages are perceived by many computer science students as difficult, intimidating, and/or tedious in nature. Conversely, blocks-based environments are perceived as approachable, but many students see them as inauthentic. Bidirectional hybrid environments provide textual and blocks-based representations of the same code, thereby offering students the opportunity to seamlessly transition between representations to build a conceptual bridge between blocks and text. However, it is not known how use of hybrid environments impacts perceptions of programming. To investigate, we conducted a study in a public middle school with six classes (n=129). We found that students who used hybrid environments perceived text more positively than those who moved directly from blocks to text. The results of this research suggest that hybrid programming environments can help to transition students from blocks to text-based programming while minimizing negative perceptions of programming.
Machines' ability to learn the behavior of complex real world systems has been the main research focus in temporal knowledge graphs (TKG). However, combining the human's input - as part of a real-world TKG - i...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665442145
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665442152;9781665442145
Machines' ability to learn the behavior of complex real world systems has been the main research focus in temporal knowledge graphs (TKG). However, combining the human's input - as part of a real-world TKG - into the modeling process has not yet been investigated. To fill this gap, we propose a novel human-centric machine learning (HCML) framework for TKG link prediction. The main goal is to demonstrate the value of a human-machine online optimization coupled with the self-attention mechanism. We argue that the joint development of a human-machine TKG model can detect low-signal information about the evolution of the graph that can have a significant impact on the dynamics. Finally, our proposed HCML framework is discussed on the basis of the European alternative fuels market as an exemplary use case with the outlook of the approach.
This extended abstract is a brief overview of a dissertation project involving collaborative learning through debugging tasks. and the participatory design of instructional activities in computing for young girls.
ISBN:
(纸本)9780769529875
This extended abstract is a brief overview of a dissertation project involving collaborative learning through debugging tasks. and the participatory design of instructional activities in computing for young girls.
Metamodeling frameworks for the definition and management of visuallanguages allow the implementation of visual environments based on some abstract notion of visual entity and of relations among them. We propose a su...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780386965
Metamodeling frameworks for the definition and management of visuallanguages allow the implementation of visual environments based on some abstract notion of visual entity and of relations among them. We propose a suite of metamodels able to accommodate most commonly used visual paradigms, built as progressive specialisation of a root meta-meta model. This approach facilitates the design and implementation of new, general purpose as well as domain specific, visuallanguages by allowing the progressive construction of language-independent service layers.
Our real-time continuous gesture recognition system addresses problems that have previously been neglected: handling both gestures that are characterized by distinct paths and gestures characterized by distinct hand p...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479940356
Our real-time continuous gesture recognition system addresses problems that have previously been neglected: handling both gestures that are characterized by distinct paths and gestures characterized by distinct hand poses;and determining how and when the system should respond to gestures. Our probabilistic recognition framework based on hidden Markov models (HMMs) unifies the recognition of the two forms of gestures. Using information from the hidden states in the HMM, we can identify different gesture phases: the pre-stroke, the nucleus and the post-stroke phases. This allows the system to respond appropriately to both gestures that require a discrete response and those needing a continuous response. Our system is extensible: in only a few minutes, users can define their own gestures by giving a few examples rather than writing code. We also collected a new gesture dataset that contains the two forms of gestures, and propose a new hybrid performance metric for evaluating gesture recognition methods for real-time interaction.
When breakdowns occur during a human-chatbot conversation, the lack of transparency and the "black-box" nature of task-oriented chatbots can make it difficult for end users to understand what went wrong and ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665445924
When breakdowns occur during a human-chatbot conversation, the lack of transparency and the "black-box" nature of task-oriented chatbots can make it difficult for end users to understand what went wrong and why. Inspired by recent HCI research on explainable AI solutions, we explored the design of in-application explainable chatbot interfaces (ChatrEx) that explain the underlying working of a chatbot during a breakdown. ChatrEx-VINC provides visual example-based step-by-step explanations in-context of the chat window whereas ChatrEx-VST provides explanations as a visual tour overlaid on the application interface. We implemented these chatbots for complex spreadsheet tasks and our comparative observational study (N=14) showed that the explanations provided by both ChatrEx-VINC and ChatrEx-VST enhanced users' understanding of the reasons for a breakdown and improved users' perceptions of usefulness, transparency, and trust. We identify several opportunities for future research to exploit explainable chatbot interfaces and better support human-chatbot interaction.
visuallanguages for human-Computer Interaction (HCI) are a good basis for the development of software environments to be used by professional people such as engineers, geologists, medical doctors, etc. The research w...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780386965
visuallanguages for human-Computer Interaction (HCI) are a good basis for the development of software environments to be used by professional people such as engineers, geologists, medical doctors, etc. The research we have conducted, along with the experience we have gained working with these people, has compelled us to develop software environments that not only are easier to learn and use, but also allow their users to tailor them to their own needs, and to even create or mode software artifacts. The design methodology that we have developed is refined in this paper, giving insights emerging from our recent experiences, and emphasizing how it supports humancentric-computing and end-user development.
(D)evelopers authoring HTML documents define elements following patterns which establish and reflect the visual structure of a document, such as making all images in a footer the same height by applying a class to eac...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728108100
(D)evelopers authoring HTML documents define elements following patterns which establish and reflect the visual structure of a document, such as making all images in a footer the same height by applying a class to each. To surface these patterns to developers and support developers in authoring consistent with these patterns, we propose a mixed human-AI technique for creating code patterns. Patterns are first learned from individual HTML documents through a decision tree, generating a representation which developers may view and edit. Code patterns are used to offer developers autocomplete suggestions, list examples, and flag violations. To evaluate our technique, we conducted a user study in which 24 participants wrote, edited, and corrected DIME documents. We found that our technique enabled developers to edit and correct documents more quickly and create, edit, and correct documents more successfully.
Today, there are hundreds of programming languages that are widely used. Programmers at all levels are expected to become proficient in multiple languages. Experienced programmers who have knowledge of at least one la...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538642351
Today, there are hundreds of programming languages that are widely used. Programmers at all levels are expected to become proficient in multiple languages. Experienced programmers who have knowledge of at least one language are able to learn a second language much quicker than novices. However, the transfer process can still be difficult when there exists numerous differences from their previous language. Documentation, online courses and tutorials tend to present information geared towards novices. This type of presentation might suffice for beginners, but it doesn't support learning for experienced programmers [1] who would benefit from leveraging their knowledge of previous programming languages.
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