Compound graphs consist of two separate components. On the one hand a graph structure describes which elements are related to each other and to what extent, i.e., inherent edge weights and directions may exist, which ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002528
Compound graphs consist of two separate components. On the one hand a graph structure describes which elements are related to each other and to what extent, i.e., inherent edge weights and directions may exist, which we refer to as adjacency edges. On the other hand the graph elements are not only related by adjacencies, but they are also hierarchically organized which might be considered another kind of relationship among the graph vertices. Those relations are further referred to as inclusion edges. There are various application domains in which such a data structure occurs and with which a data analyst has to deal, either analytically on the basis of algorithms or visually, i.e., more on the basis of diagrams and visuallanguages. In this paper we introduce a visualization tool that is able to provide linked views on both aspects, i.e., the graph relations and the hierarchical organization. We illustrate the usefulness of our tool in a case study investigating soccer team results that build weighted directed adjacency relations in a hierarchically structured world.
Code smells were originally designed for object oriented code, but in recent years, have been applied to end user languages, including spreadsheets and Yahoo! Pipes. In this paper, we explore code smells in block-base...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002528
Code smells were originally designed for object oriented code, but in recent years, have been applied to end user languages, including spreadsheets and Yahoo! Pipes. In this paper, we explore code smells in block-based end-user programming languages aimed at education. Specifically, we explore the occurrence of smells in two educational languages not previously targeted by smell detection and refactoring research: LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 and Microsoft's Kodu. The results of this exploration show that object-oriented-inspired smells indeed occur in educational end-user languages and are present in 88% and 93% of the EV3 and Kodu programs, respectively. Most commonly we find that programs are plagued with lazy class, duplication, and dead code smells, with duplication smells being present in nearly two-thirds of programs in both languages.
Clutter in a diagram can be broadly defined as how visually complex the diagram is. It may be that different users perceive clutter in different ways, however. Moreover, it has been shown that, for certain types of di...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002528
Clutter in a diagram can be broadly defined as how visually complex the diagram is. It may be that different users perceive clutter in different ways, however. Moreover, it has been shown that, for certain types of diagrams and tasks, an increase in clutter negatively affects task performance, making quantifying clutter an important problem. In this paper we investigate the perceived clutter in concept diagrams, a visual language used for representing ontologies. Using perceptual theory and existing research on clutter for other diagrams, we propose five plausible measures for assigning clutter scores to concept diagrams. By performing an empirical study we evaluated each of these proposed measures against participants' rankings of diagrams. Whilst more than one of our measures showed strong correlation with perceived clutter, our results suggest that a measure based on the number of points where lines cross is the most appropriate way to quantify clutter for concept diagrams.
Most visuallanguages are not purely graphical but include textual labels to complete the picture. However, in some languages labels tend to become rather long and thereby enlarge diagrams considerably. Since today...
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Spreadsheets are a successful example of an end-programming language, and the spreadsheet paradigm shares several characteristics like composition, selection, and repetition with programming languages. There are compe...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002535
Spreadsheets are a successful example of an end-programming language, and the spreadsheet paradigm shares several characteristics like composition, selection, and repetition with programming languages. There are compelling reasons that spreadsheets are code. For most programming languages, developers are supported by powerful IDEs. However, spreadsheets are missing such an IDE. In our current work we are researching how spreadsheet users could be supported by an IDE for spreadsheets and what kind of functionality should be included? As a preliminary result of this research, we introduce in this showpiece: Polaris, an excel Add-in that provides users with context-aware navigation in spreadsheets.
Spreadsheets are arguably the most used form of programming, yet they are error prone and hard to maintain. This paper demonstrates novel features that enable the gradual structuring of spreadsheets to more structured...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002535
Spreadsheets are arguably the most used form of programming, yet they are error prone and hard to maintain. This paper demonstrates novel features that enable the gradual structuring of spreadsheets to more structured models, with the intent of mitigating these issues. The approach of features for gradual structuring does not impact the underlying application. Structured models improve comprehension, reduce design and composition errors, whilst the gradual nature proposed, allows the modeller to choose what best fits their requirements. The origin of these features are the design patterns of expert spreadsheet modellers. Whilst these features increase the expressiveness of the spreadsheet paradigm future studies are planned to assess.
Identifying the skills required to complete a task is an important aspect of software development. Managers perform this when triaging and assigning tasks. Developers do it when picking tasks to work on. However, this...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002535
Identifying the skills required to complete a task is an important aspect of software development. Managers perform this when triaging and assigning tasks. Developers do it when picking tasks to work on. However, this endeavor is time-consuming for experts, and difficult for newcomers. In this paper, we investigate a crowd-based approach to find the skillset of a task. Our results indicate that the crowd is able to identify the skills with a recall of 0.67 and a precision of 0.76. Further, we found no difference between novice and experienced crowd workers in identifying skills. Finally, our results suggest that tasks should be reviewed by at least four workers to leverage Voting at a 25% agreement.
We describe the design and a trial run of an integrated course of instruction in reading, writing, and computer programming, in order to assess potential synergies of learning them together. Twelve pre-teen students d...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002535
We describe the design and a trial run of an integrated course of instruction in reading, writing, and computer programming, in order to assess potential synergies of learning them together. Twelve pre-teen students diagnosed with dyslexia each took a sequence of lessons of approximately 90 minutes each over a 3-month period. In addition to computer learning activities in handwriting, word reading, word spelling, sentence and text reading comprehension, there were coding activities using “Kokopelli's World,” a blocks-style visual language with its own microworld. The results suggest that the potential synergies from this form of integrated instruction in written language and computer programming include increased student motivation, complementary pedagogical affordances and increased awareness of the relationship between written language and technology.
Code smells were originally designed for object-oriented code, but in recent years, have been applied to end-user languages, including spreadsheets and Yahoo! Pipes. In this paper, we explore code smells in block-base...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002535
Code smells were originally designed for object-oriented code, but in recent years, have been applied to end-user languages, including spreadsheets and Yahoo! Pipes. In this paper, we explore code smells in block-based end-user programming languages aimed at education. Specifically, we explore the occurrence of smells in two educational languages not previously targeted by smell detection and refactoring research: LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 and Microsoft's Kodu. The results of this exploration show that object-oriented-inspired smells indeed occur in educational end-user languages and are present in 88% and 93% of the EV3 and Kodu programs, respectively. Most commonly we find that programs are plagued with lazy class, duplication, and dead code smells, with duplication smells being present in nearly two-thirds of programs in both languages.
This paper describes a case study of a distance education program for preservice and in - service special education teachers, using the 3D virtual world Second Life (SL). In the study, the “box,” a specific building...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002535
This paper describes a case study of a distance education program for preservice and in - service special education teachers, using the 3D virtual world Second Life (SL). In the study, the “box,” a specific building block in the SL environment, became a multipurpose tool for end-user development (EUD). The research reported here addresses how the multiple functionalities of the “box” enable EUD among the participants. Results show that the professor of the course designed the learning environment by creating and combining 3D construction boxes and the most active users adapted information sharing boxes to personalize the learning environment to fit their learning activities. The analysis also demonstrated that direct invocation of builder tools from objects in the learning environment enabled EUD.
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